Sex Differences in Goals for Supportive Interactions

One explanation for sex differences in supportive behavior is that men and women pursue different goals in supportive interactions. Sex differences in goals may themselves be explained by personality traits such as expressivity and supportive self‐efficacy, or situational factors such as target responsibility. The current study examined sex differences in the pursuit of eight supportive goals, and the extent to which differences were explained by personality and situational factors. Participants (254 men, 386 women) read hypothetical scenarios involving a distressed friend who was depicted as responsible or not responsible for his or her problematic situation, and responded to measures of supportive goals and personality traits. Results indicate that women are somewhat more likely to pursue a range of goals that are likely to result in effective supportive messages (e.g., emotional support, problem‐solving). Many of the sex differences in goal pursuit were mediated by the personality traits of expressivity and supportive self‐efficacy.     

Beyond the skin bag: on the moral responsibility of extended agencies

The growing prominence of computers in contemporary life, often seemingly with minds of their own, invites rethinking the question of moral responsibility. If the moral responsibility for an act lies with the subject that carried it out, it follows that different concepts of the subject generate different views of moral responsibility. Some recent theorists have argued that actions are produced by composite, fluid subjects understood as extended agencies (cyborgs, actor networks). This view of the subject contrasts with methodological individualism: the idea that actions are produced only by human individuals. This essay compares two views of responsibility: moral individualism (the ethical twin of methodological individualism), and joint responsibility (associated with extended agency theory). It develops a view of what joint responsibility might look like, and considers the advantages it might bring relative to moral individualism as well as the objections that are sure to be raised against it.     

Why unreal punishments in response to unreal crimes might actually be a really good thing

In this article I explore ways to argue about punishment of personal representations in virtual reality. I will defend the idea that such punishing might sometimes be morally required. I offer four different lines of argument: one consequentialistic, one appealing to an idea of appropriateness, one using the notion of organic wholes, and one starting from a supposed inability to determine the limits of the extension of the moral agent. I conclude that all four approaches could, in some cases, justify punishing a virtual reality representation; an avatar. As a consequence of my conclusion, I suggest that our institutionalized criminal justice system must be broadened in scope and punitive measures, in order to cover the new and difficult cases arising in virtual reality.     

面向工程安全生产的招投标管理探讨

招投标管理下的工程事故频发,针对招投标管理中存在的责任意识不强、监管不力等问题,分析了工程事故中招投标管理的直接和间接责任,同时结合调研与工作经验,提出了全程监督与责任追究对策,旨在强化工程招投标管理,为实现安全生产发挥积极作用。     

f(x)∈g(x)诱导的广义变分不等式

本文研究线性拓扑空间到其共轭空间的映射与一凸函数联系的广义变分不等式问题,论述该广义变分不等式问题的解与映射值和凸函数次微分的关系,通过Gap函数及对偶问题讨论解的存在性和Gap函数的特性。     

大学生体育伤害事故中高校侵权责任归责原则的思考

随着经济社会的发展和教育管理实践的推进,大学生体育伤害事故传统中奉行的过错责任为主体、公平分担损失为补充的二元归责原则不利于高校全面深入开展体育活动.分担损失规则使无过错的高校承担了本应由国家担负的社会保障义务,其适用有悖于价值上的合理性和规范上的有效性.高校学生体育伤害事故应恪守适用过错责任原则,具体适用中坚持过错认定的客观标准,并正确认识自甘冒险抗辩理由的实质,从而为平衡高校和学生间的利益关系提供准则和依据.     

Sliding mode control for synchronization of chaotic systems with structure or parameters mismatching

INTRODUCTION Synchronization of chaotic systems and its ap-plication to secure communication has recently re-ceived much attention. Several chaos synchronization schemes have been successfully established (Liao and Huang, 1999; Jiang, 2002; Zhao et al., 2004). How-ever, to our best knowledge, most of the chaos syn-chronization strategies have been studied in similar oscillators. In fact, from the perspective of hardware implementation, the resistance and capacitance of the resistors and…     

进一步完善审计监督制度的思考

审计监督作为政府权力制约机制和监管工作的重要组成部分、必须在制度、监督与问责机制的协调、立法、观念的更新、监督力量的加强,信息披露等方面进一步完善发展,以保证在审计当中发现问题时,监察机关和司法机关能够迅速介入,对负有责任的主管人员和其他直接责任人依法进行查处,打击违法犯罪,惩治贪污腐败,保障国家和人民的财产不被侵吞、浪费和流失。     

浅谈高职院校以德育人的新途径

为落实江泽民总书记提出的“以德治国”的重要思想，高职院校从事学生管理教育的员必须转变观念，认识到用此种理论培育“四有”新人的重要性，搞好以教育人的全方位教育，实现高职系列培养人才的目标。     

广义Fibonacci立方体的限制边连通度和超边连通度

研究广义Fibonacci立方体的限制边连通度和超边连通度,证明N维Fibonacci立方体的1-超边连通度和限制边连通度都是2[n/3]-2.