在自学考试中加强系统思维能力培养的研究——以护理学专业为例

现代护理模式要求广大护理工作者运用系统思维方式建立以人为中心的整体护理模式和行为指导思想。高等教育护理学专业自学考试要树立系统思维意识,在命题、考试及助学过程中加强对系统思维能力的培养,实现其考试功能和积极价值导向。     

Elastic numbers: national examinations data as a technology of government

This article is motivated by interest in the deployment of massive numerical information produced by national examinations in the practices of control and steering. It examines how data generated in the compulsory school graduation examination in the Russian Federation connect together different actors within the education system and beyond, and the nature of the relationships so formed. These questions take as their unit of analysis the relations and relationships created and/or re-ordered through numbers, and they unmask who utilizes the numerical data, and for what purpose. The article brings together two major arguments in the existing literature on quantification, and develops them further into a coherent research framework which is then applied to capture and interpret the circulation and application of the examinations data. The first argument suggests that governance by numbers, characteristic of contemporary regulation practices, relies on and promotes the parallel existence of soft and hard regimes of regulation. The second addresses the increasingly public nature of social statistics, that is, its circulation on both official and popular levels. The article illustrates that it is by means of analysing the overlappings and interdependencies between the soft and hard regimes, and the two levels of data entry, that we can best understand how numbers exercise power and how they become rooted and gain more power in the process.     

Resits in higher education: merely a bar to jump over,or do they give a pedagogical ‘leg up’?

When students fail an examination at the end of their first year, they are offered a resit examination, which they merely need to pass to progress into the second year. These resits anecdotally provide a dual purpose of testing that students have achieved the required level of attainment to progress, and incentivising additional effort. This paper uses regression discontinuity design to attempt to estimate the effect of resits in first year statistics with econometrics examinations on future outcomes. Whilst resits alone appear to make zero significant effect on outcomes, students who perform well in the resit examination perform 0.7 standard deviations better in second-year microeconomics than similar students who do not receive resit examinations. These effects, if replicated more widely, could be worth up to £48,000 across the lifetime of each student.     

中考学生体育考试应试策略的研究分析

随着教学改革的不断深入,教学理念的不断更新,中考学生体育考试的硬是策略也在发生变化。为了更好的落实教学理念,完成教学目标,更好的提高中学生的身体素质和体育活动的技能,中考体育考试设定了一系列的考试内容,考试的成绩也会计入考试总分。为了更好的适应这一考试和评价机制,初中生应该高度重视中考学生体育考试,完成教学目标进行大力探索,找到更加优化的教学方式,提高中学生的综合素质,提高学生的考试成绩。本文对中考学生体育考试应试策略进行了分析研究,提出了相关的方法和建议。     

浅论教育和社会的关系

近年来,针对教育改革,社会各界有着不同的看法,一种具有代表性的观念是,教育的问题是社会问题的缩影,这给教育改革带来困惑。本文分析了这种观念产生的根源,并指出,教育改革是一个复杂的系统工程。在全面执行改革开放的洪流中,教育改革应率先启动,以教育之进步推动社会进步,全社会应对教改达成共识,形成合力,推进教育改革深入进行。     

Diplomas for learning, not seat time: the impacts of New York Regents examinations

Economic theory predicts that improvements in signaling of achievement generated by external exit examination systems will (1) result in students learning more and this in turn will (2) enable them to get better paying jobs. Since New York State had the only statewide curriculum-based external exit exam system in the nation in the early 1990s, hypothesis 1 predicts that New York students should out perform socio-economically comparable students from other states. Cross section analysis of mean 8th grade NAEP math scores and SAT-I scores found that New York students were indeed about one grade level equivalent ahead of where one would expect given their socio-economic background. A similar analysis of dropout rate data found no differences between New York and other states. Hypothesis 2 was tested in HSB and NLS-88 data. Female students who reported that their high school required they pass a minimum competency exam in order to graduate were paid significantly more after they graduated from high school. Men did not earn more but did get a higher hourly wage.     

体育教学中提高学生内部反馈能力的研究

文章对信息反馈系统中内部反馈和外部反馈的不同作用以及对它们之间的相互关系的研究,内部反馈在动作技能形成中起着重要作用。在体育教学训练实践中应采取：建立动作表象和动作概念;进行表象训练;向练习者提供正确动作的感觉信息;利用动作间的迁移和组织练习者自评自测的方式提高练习者的内部反馈能力。     

Exploring alternative assessments for signing deaf candidates

Attitudes to sign languages or language policies are often not overtly discussed or recorded but they influence deaf young people's educational opportunities and outcomes. Two qualitative studies from Scotland investigate the provision of British Sign Language as accommodation in public examinations. The first explores the views of deaf pupils and staff about the official system for face-to-face interpretation of exam papers. The second investigates a centrally translated digital paper with embedded video questions. Discussion focuses on contrasts between the USA and UK approaches to accommodations, raising issues of standardized technical terms in signed languages, the right to respond in sign, and candidate choice.     

民办高校教育的创新与发展

本文结合北京城市学院培训中心的创新与发展的历程,对民办教育中高自考等问题作了深入的研究,提出了一些的新的观点。     

论信息市场失灵与政府干预

从信息市场的外部效应、信息作为公共物品、信息市场的非竞争性和垄断性以及不完备信息 4个方面对信息市场失灵作了分析。政府干预在纠正信息市场失灵方面能发挥独特的作用。表 1。参考文献 18。