诺和锐30特充对2型糖尿病患者血浆C-反应蛋白的影响

目的：观察诺和锐30特充对2型糖尿病患者血浆C-反应蛋白的影响。方法：选择80例2型糖尿病病人,随机分为诺和锐治疗组及诺和灵30R治疗组,诺和锐为餐前即刻皮下注射,诺和灵30R为餐前30min皮下注射,观察两组病人治疗前后餐前、餐后血糖及血浆C-反应蛋白（C-reactive protein,CRP）情况。结果：诺和锐治疗组餐后血糖水平低于诺和灵30R组（P〈0.01）,诺和锐治疗组治疗后C反应蛋白水平明显低于诺和灵30R治疗组（P〈0.01）。结论：对于2型糖尿病患者,诺和锐疗效优于诺和灵30R,而且可以显著降低血浆CRP的水平。     

Morphological and biochemical responses of Oryza sativa L. (cultivar MR219) to ion beam irradiation

Objective

Heavy ion beam, which has emerged as a new mutagen in the mutation breeding of crops and ornamental plants, is expected to result in the induction of novel mutations. This study investigates the morphological and biochemical responses of Oryza sativa toward different doses of carbon ion beam irradiation.

Methods

In this study, the dry seeds of O. sativa were irradiated at 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 Gy, followed by in-vitro germination under controlled conditions. Morphological and biochemical studies were conducted to investigate the morphological and physiological responses of O. sativa towards ion beam irradiation.

Results

The study demonstrated that low doses (10 Gy) of ion beam have a stimulating effect on the height, root length, and fresh weight of the plantlets but not on the number of leaves. Meanwhile, doses higher than 10 Gy caused reductions in all the morphological parameters studied as compared to the control samples. The highest total soluble protein content [(2.11±0.47) mg/g FW] was observed in plantlets irradiated at 20 Gy. All irradiated plantlets were found to have 0.85% to 58.32% higher specific activity of peroxidase as compared to the control samples. The present study also revealed that low doses of ion beam (10 and 20 Gy) had negligible effect on the total chlorophyll content of O. sativa plantlets while 40 Gy had a stimulating effect on the chlorophyll content. Plantlets irradiated between 40 to 120 Gy were shown to be 0.38% to 9.98% higher in total soluble nitrogen content which, however, was not significantly different from the control samples.

Conclusions

Carbon ion beam irradiation administered at low to moderate doses of 10 to 40 Gy may induce O. sativa mutants with superior characteristics.     

瓜子金皂苷己对鱼藤酮损伤PC-12细胞的保护作用及其对CREB的影响

目的：观察瓜子金皂苷己（polygalasaponin F,PS-F）对鱼藤酮损伤的PC-12细胞的保护作用及其对cAMP反应元件结合蛋白（cAMP response element binding protein,CREB）表达的影响。方法：以鱼藤酮损伤的PC-12细胞为模型,通过倒置显微镜观察细胞形态,caspase 3活性检测试剂盒测定caspase 3活性,荧光素酶报告基因技术检测CREB表达的变化。结果：PC-12细胞在4μmol·L-1鱼藤酮损伤后,细胞出现萎缩变圆,折光率降低,caspase 3活性显著升高,呈现凋亡的现象。不同浓度（0.1,1.0,10.0μmol·L-1）瓜子金皂苷己能够剂量依赖性的减轻对细胞形态的影响,降低caspase 3活性。荧光素酶报告基因标记显示,瓜子金皂苷己能够增加报告基因CREB的表达。结论：瓜子金皂苷己能够抑制鱼藤酮诱导的PC-12细胞凋亡,其机制可能与增加CREB的表达有关。     

Novel mutation c.980_983delATTA compound with c.986C>A mutation of the FRMD7 gene in a Chinese family with X-linked idiopathic congenital nystagmus

Objective

To screen mutations in FERM domain-containing protein 7 (FRMD7) gene in two Chinese families with X-linked idiopathic congenital nystagmus (XLICN).

Methods

Common ophthalmic data and peripheral blood of two Chinese XLICN families (families A and B) were collected after informed consent. Genomic DNA was prepared from the peripheral blood of members of the two families and from 100 normal controls. Mutations in the FRMD7 gene were determined by directly sequencing polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products.

Results

We identified a novel mutation c.980_983delATTA compound with c.986C>A mutation in the 11th exon of FRMD7 in family B, and a previously reported splicing mutation c.782G>C (p.R261G) in family A. The mutations were detected in patients and female carriers, while they were absent in other relatives or in the 100 normal controls.

Conclusions

Our results expand the spectrum of FRMD7 mutations in association with XLICN, and further confirm that the mutations of FRMD7 are the underlying molecular mechanism for XLICN.     

Transportation of AIE-visualized nanoliposomes is dominated by the protein corona

Liposomes, especially cationic liposomes, are the most common and well-investigated nanocarriers for biomedical applications, such as drug and gene delivery. Like other types of nanomaterials, once liposomes are incubated in a biological milieu, their surface can be immediately cloaked by biological components to form a protein corona, which confers a new ‘biological identity’ and modulates downstream interactions with cells. However, it remains unclear how the protein corona affects the transportation mechanism after liposomes interact with cells. Here, we employed home-made aggregation-induced-emission-visualized nanoliposomes TR4@Lipo as a model to investigate transportation with or without the protein corona by optical imaging techniques. The results show that the protein corona can change the cellular transportation mechanism of TR4@Lipo from energy-independent membrane fusion to energy-dependent endocytosis. The protein corona also modulates the intracellular distribution of loaded cargoes. This knowledge furthers our understanding of bio-nano interactions and is important for the efficient use of cationic liposomes.     

改良广播体操对男性大学生机体血脂代谢的影响

观察改良广播体操对30名男性大学生机体血脂代谢的影响。选择无遗传病史,无经常锻炼史的30名男性大学生为受试对象,每天进行两次30 min多组数的改良广播体操锻炼,锻炼强度以心率来控制,要求锻炼后心率在125次/min左右。观察受试者实验前、锻炼后第15 d、30 d、45 d晨安静空腹状态下,TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C和瘦素等指标变化。结果表明:45 d每天两次30 min、多组数的有氧广播体操锻炼可显著降低机体血浆TG和TC,预防TG堆积;HDL-C和HDL-C/LDL比值显著升高。说明有氧广播体操锻炼可使血浆脂蛋白的分布得到有效改善,从而预防和有效抵抗AS发生。     

有氧运动和大豆多肽对高脂饮食大鼠胰岛素抵抗形成和血脂代谢的干预作用

目的 :探讨有氧运动和补充大豆多肽对高脂饮食大鼠胰岛素抵抗形成的干预作用及其机制.方法 :在给SD大鼠喂饲高脂饮食的同时,进行10周的有氧运动锻炼或/和补充大豆多肽,实验结束时测定空腹血糖(FPG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、血清甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(TC)和游离脂肪酸(FFA)等指标,并计算胰岛素敏感性指数(ISI)、稳态模型-IR指数(HOMA-IR).结果:1)10周的高脂饮食可使大鼠FPG、FINS、HOMA-IR指数显著升高,而ISI指数显著降低;2)在高脂饮食诱导大鼠IR形成的同时,进行10周60 min的有氧运动锻炼或补充SPH,可以显著降低高脂饮食大鼠FPG、FINS、HOMA-IR指数,提高ISI指数;与此同时,运动联合补充SPH可使高脂饮食大鼠FINS、HOMA-IR指数进一步降低,跚进一步升高,但无显著性差异;3)HF组大鼠血清TG、TC和FFA显著高于对照组,运动训练或补充SPH可使高脂饮食大鼠血清TG、TC和FFA含量显著降低,且具有显著的交互作用.结论 :1)10周的高脂饮食可以诱导大鼠IR的形成;2)运动训练或补充SPH可以显著地预防高脂饮食大鼠IR的形成,而且,运动锻炼联合补充SPH在一定程度上对预防高脂饮食大鼠IR的形成具有促进作用.3)高脂饮食诱导大鼠m的形成机制与高脂饮食大鼠血脂代谢紊乱有关;而运动训练或补充SPH可以改善血脂代谢来预防m的形成.     

神经网络方法在蛋白质结构预测中的研究与应用

蛋白质结构预测在生物信息学研究中占有重要地位。对神经网络在蛋白质结构预测中的应用作了评述。首先,简要地介绍了人工神经网络,然后对近年来用神经网络算法解决蛋白质结构预测的研究作了回顾,并分析了算法的效果和特点。最后,展望了用神经网络算法解决蛋白质结构预测问题的前景。     

PTP1B选择性抑制剂的分子动力学模拟及结合自由能计算

作为二型糖尿病的潜在治疗药物,蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸酯酶1B（PTP1B）的抑制剂研究一直备受关注。而其中一种二齿类抑制剂由于其普遍较高的选择性和活性,又是抑制剂的研究重点和热点。本文采用分子动力学方法取样,MM/GBSA方法计算了1个二齿类PTP1B抑制剂与PTP1B及其2个同家族酶TCPTP和SHP-2的结合自由能,得到了与实验活性值相符的结果。同时基于MM/GBSA的能量分解计算表明,抑制剂与PTP1B第2位点附近的2个残基ARG24和ARG254有很强的相互作用,与其他2个酶第2位点的相互作用则有所减弱,尤其是SHP-2,几乎没有实质性相互作用。这应该是抑制剂产生选择性的关键。同时活性位点附近的残基PHE182也与抑制剂分子有很强的相互作用,相比TCPTP也有很大优势。希望这些信息在进一步提升PTP1B抑制剂的选择性和活性方面提供帮助。     

hs-CRP and oxidative stress in young CAD patients: A pilot study

Premature coronary artery disease (CAD) is common in India. We, therefore, studied oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, and high sensitivity-C reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in young CAD patients. Present study consisted of male CAD patients below 40 years and age and sex matched healthy controls (n=30 each). Fasting blood samples were analyzed for serum lipid profile, malondialdehyde, antioxidant enzymes and hs-CRP levels. Dyslipidemia was observed in 90% of the young CAD patients, of which 72.2% showed increased serum triglycerides and decreased HDL-cholesterol. LDL-cholesterol levels were high in 77.8%. Serum malondialdehyde and hs-CRP levels were increased significantly (p<0.0001) as compared to controls. hs-CRP levels were in high risk range in all the young patients. However, glutathione peroxidase activity was reduced significantly (p<0.05). Our data suggests that elevated hs-CRP levels along with dyslipidemia and oxidative stress adds to the predictive value of premature CAD in young Indians.