分子伴侣、蛋白质聚集和大分子拥挤环境对蛋白质折叠的影响(英)

研究了细胞内存在的分子伴侣、蛋白质聚集和大分子拥挤环境对蛋白质折叠的影响.首先,发现分子伴侣GroEL与底物蛋白的结合有 半位 "和 全位"两种模式,它是由底物蛋白的分子形状、分子大小以及与GroEL的相互作用性质决定的.接着,发现两种不同的蛋白质一起复性时相互不干扰,提示细胞内蛋白质折叠可能不受其他蛋白聚集的影响;后又发现α 乳清蛋白的前熔球态不仅是分子伴侣也是蛋白质聚集体的作用对象.最后,研究大分子拥挤环境对蛋白质折叠热力学和动力学的影响,揭示了这种影响的复杂性和多样性.     

Blood zinc protoporphyrin, serum total protein, and total cholesterol levels in automobile workshop workers in relation to lead toxicity: Our experience

Blood zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP), serum total protein (TP), and total cholesterol (TC) levels in automobile workshop workers in relation to lead toxicity were analysed. In the present study, automobile workshop workers (healthy male workers at an age between 28 and 35 from four major automobile workshops in Kottayam, Kerala State, India) and the control (male healthy adults at an age between 28 and 35 residing at Aymanam, a distant village at Kottayam District, Kerala having reduced or no chance of lead exposure) displayed significant difference in blood lead (BPb) and blood ZZP (BZPP) level. The mean value of BPb in automobile workshop workers was 15.76±0.33 μg/dl, while in the control it was 8.20±0.15 μg/dl. In automobile workshop workers, the mean value of BZPP was 34.2±0.62 μg/dl. The control group exhibited a mean of 11.5±0.22 μg/dl. Automobile workshop workers exhibited significant increase in BZPP was corresponding to the increase in BPb level. The total protein levels estimated in automobile workshop workers showed significant decrease compared to control individuals, but was within the reference range of healthy individuals. The mean value of TP level in automobile workshop workers and control was 6.9±0.13 g/dl and 7.71±0.18 g/dl, respectively. There was no significant difference in blood haemoglobin (BHb) level among the automobile workshop workers and control. The serum TC level in automobile workshop workers showed significant decrease compared to the control individuals, but was with in the reference range of healthy individuals. The mean level of serum TC in automobile workshop workers was 162.00±3.44 mg/dl and the same in control was 172.86±4.32 mg/dl. The present study affirms occupational lead toxicity in automobile workshop workers and its effect on serum protein and cholesterol levels.     

骨骼肌损伤的机制

用电镜和免疫电镜观察超过习惯负荷后人骨骼肌收缩结构和收缩蛋白定位延迟性变化的结果提示：超过习惯负荷后延迟发生的骨骼肌收缩蛋白的降解优势导致收缩结构的改变或解体。这种收缩结构的改变构成了后继负荷工作的背景，如后继负荷能促进收缩蛋白的合成则可促进收缩结构的恢复和增强；如后继负荷导致收缩蛋白降解优势的积累和稳定，则将引起收缩结构变化的积累和稳定而导致骨骼肌的慢性或急性损伤。这种变化的一过性和两向发展的可能性提示：在未形成稳定的变化之前，其变化性质是生理的或是生理—病理双向变化的过渡的性质。骨骼损伤的预防主要在于是否根据承受能力的可能性而适当地安排工作负荷     

CD44v6mRNA和HSP70mRNA在胃癌中的表达及研究

目的:检测CD44v6mRNA和HSP70mRNA在胃癌组织中的表达,探讨CD44v6mRNA和HSP70mRNA在胃癌发生发展中的作用.方法:利用核酸原位杂交技术对39例胃癌组织进行检测.结果:CD44v6mRNA和HSP70mRNA在胃癌组织表达的阳性率都为61.54%(24/39),CD44v6mRNA和HSP70mRNA在高分化管状腺癌与低分化管状腺癌中的表达都有显著性差异(P＜0.05),但HSP70mRNA在胃癌组织的表达与性别、年龄、浸润深度及淋巴结有无转移都无关(P＞0.05),而CD44v6mRNA与淋巴结有无转移有关(P＜0.05).结论:CD44v6mRNA和HSP70mRNA在胃癌组织都有较高的表达,两者均可作为评估胃癌预后的指标.     

不同抗性的向日葵品种接种锈菌后叶片中可溶性蛋白、可溶性总糖及叶绿素含量的变化

通过对两个不同抗性向日葵品种在苗期接种向日葵锈菌,测定了接种后不同时间叶片的可溶性总糖、可溶性蛋白及叶绿素含量的变化．研究结果表明：抗病品种的可溶性总糖比感病品种高;可溶性蛋白质含量、叶绿素b含量和类胡萝卜素含量的变化与向日葵抗病性有密切关系,而和叶绿素a含量的变化与抗病性没有直接关系．     

QTL analysis for some quantitative traits in bread wheat

Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis was conducted in bread wheat for 14 important traits utilizing data from four different mapping populations involving different approaches of QTL analysis. Analysis for grain protein content (GPC) sug- gested that the major part of genetic variation for this trait is due to environmental interactions. In contrast, pre-harvest sprouting tolerance (PHST) was controlled mainly by main effect QTL (M-QTL) with very little genetic variation due to environmental interactions; a major QTL for PHST was detected on chromosome arm 3AL. For grain weight, one QTL each was detected on chromosome arms 1AS, 2BS and 7AS. QTL for 4 growth related traits taken together detected by different methods ranged from 37 to 40; nine QTL that were detected by single-locus as well as two-locus analyses were all M-QTL. Similarly, single-locus and two-locus QTL analyses for seven yield and yield contributing traits in two populations respectively allowed detection of 25 and 50 QTL by composite interval mapping (CIM), 16 and 25 QTL by multiple-trait composite interval mapping (MCIM) and 38 and 37 QTL by two-locus analyses. These studies should prove useful in QTL cloning and wheat improvement through marker aided selection.     

利用尿白蛋白评定三级跳远混合训练课强度

三级跳远运动对速度、力量和技术有很高的要求，目前这三项训练是三级跳远项目运动员日常训练的中轴。而对不同专项素质训练课对三级跳远运动员身体机能影响的研究却因一节训练课包含多种训练手段、同一练习手段多次重复，强度不容易评定而研究较少。本课题以三级跳远突出某项素质训练的综合课为研究对象，通过对尿蛋白及其组分的研究，试图找出能够评定不同专项素质训练课强度的有效指标，为合理评定运动员身体机能的变化及其产生的可能机制提供统一评判尺度。     

不同种类蛋白粉补充对肌肉增长效果的影响

目的:为了探讨"由牛奶提纯的蛋白粉"和"由大豆提纯的蛋白粉"在增肌效果方面是否存在差异,开展此实验研究。方法:研究过程中分别在健美爱好者组群(N=40)和普通人组群(N=40)进行了为期9周的补充不同蛋白粉对于增肌效果影响的观察实验。实验分组:利用随机分组的方式将40名健美爱好者分为"补充牛奶提纯的蛋白粉组"(即"健美爱好者M组",N=20)和"补充大豆提纯的蛋白粉组"(即"健美爱好者B组",N=20);同样利用随机分组的方式将40名普通人分为"补充牛奶提纯的蛋白粉组"(即"普通人M组",N=20)和"补充大豆提纯的蛋白粉组"(即"普通人B组",N=20)。结果:在对实验前后身体成分指标数据的统计学比较分析中发现:健美爱好者M组和B组在9周的蛋白粉补充配合力量训练的实验中肌肉增长效果显著(P<0.01或P<0.05),健美爱好者M组12.94%的肌肉增长率明显高于健美爱好者B组的6.31%;而普通人M组和普通人B组在为期9周的单纯补充蛋白粉的观察实验中其肌肉重量虽然也获得了一定程度的增长,但增肌效果不显著(P>0.05),而普通人M组2.95%的肌肉增长率也高于普通人B组的1.86%。结论:通过对健美爱好者组群和普通人组群补充不同蛋白粉对增肌效果影响的对比实验发现:与"大豆提纯的蛋白粉"相比,"牛奶提纯的蛋白粉"的增肌效果更明显;并且无论单纯补充哪一种蛋白粉,其肌肉增长效果均不明显;只有在补充蛋白粉的同时配合力量训练等身体活动,才能获得较好的肌肉增长效果。     

拳击运动员冬训阶段若干生化指标的监测研究

采用实验法与统计分析法，分析了我国拳击运动员在冬训上量阶段血清肌酸激酶、血尿素氮和血红蛋白的变化，以此来评定运动员的机能水平，并提出相应的建议。结果表明。血红蛋白与血尿素氮结合使用，能较准确地评定拳击运动员的身体机能状况，血清肌酸激酶能有效评定周期训练后肌肉所受的刺激程度。提出了适当的训练调整计划，以利于运动员下一阶段训练的顺利进行。