影响跳远运动员助跑准确性的因素及其克服的方法

在论述跳远运动员助跑准确性的重要性的基础上,提出了影响跳远运动员助跑准确性的因素及其克服的方法,同时,提出了提高运动员助跑准确性的训练方法和手段.     

A Quantum Measurement Paradigm for Educational Predicates: Implications for validity in educational measurement

Abstract

The outcomes of educational assessments undoubtedly have real implications for students, teachers, schools and education in the widest sense. Assessment results are, for example, used to award qualifications that determine future educational or vocational pathways of students. The results obtained by students in assessments are also used to gauge individual teacher quality, to hold schools to account for the standards achieved by their students, and to compare international education systems. Given the current high-stakes nature of educational assessment, it is imperative that the measurement practices involved have stable philosophical foundations. However, this article casts doubt on the theoretical underpinnings of contemporary educational measurement models. Aspects of Wittgenstein’s later philosophy and Bohr’s philosophy of quantum theory are used to argue that a quantum theoretical rather than a Newtonian model is appropriate for educational measurement, and the associated implications for the concept of validity are elucidated. Whilst it is acknowledged that the transition to a quantum theoretical framework would not lead to the demise of educational assessment, it is argued that, where practical, current high-stakes assessments should be reformed to become as ‘low-stakes’ as possible. This article also undermines some of the pro high-stakes testing rhetoric that has a tendency to afflict education.     

Screening for potential child maltreatment in parents of a newborn baby: The predictive validity of an Instrument for early identification of Parents At Risk for child Abuse and Neglect (IPARAN)

For preventive purposes it is important to be able to identify families with a high risk of child maltreatment at an early stage. Therefore we developed an actuarial instrument for screening families with a newborn baby, the Instrument for identification of Parents At Risk for child Abuse and Neglect (IPARAN). The aim of this study was to assess the predictive validity of the IPARAN and to examine whether combining actuarial and clinical methods leads to an improvement of the predictive validity. We examined the predictive validity by calculating several performance indicators (i.e., sensitivity, specificity and the Area Under the receiver operating characteristic Curve [AUC]) in a sample of 4692 Dutch families with newborns. The outcome measure was a report of child maltreatment at Child Protection Services during a follow-up of 3 years. For 17 children (.4%) a report of maltreatment was registered. The predictive validity of the IPARAN was significantly better than chance (AUC = .700, 95% CI [.567–.832]), in contrast to a low value for clinical judgement of nurses of the Youth Health Care Centers (AUC = .591, 95% CI [.422–.759]). The combination of the IPARAN and clinical judgement resulted in the highest predictive validity (AUC = .720, 95% CI [.593–.847]), however, the difference between the methods did not reach statistical significance. The good predictive validity of the IPARAN in combination with clinical judgment of the nurse enables professionals to assess risks at an early stage and to make referrals to early intervention programs.     

教育舆情研究:从兴起到有效的路径探索

教育舆情研究已由萌芽阶段进入到兴起阶段,但规范的教育舆情研究尚未形成。教育舆情研究要从研究主体、研究对象和研究手段等方面加以规范,规范的教育舆情研究会提升舆情效度。教育舆情的有效性来自于信息采集和舆情分析两个环节,需要专业的研究主体和研究手段,逐步形成相应的研究范式。这是教育政策决策的需要,也是教育治理过程中关注民生,体恤草根意愿的必然选择。     

高校图书馆用户关系管理有效性评价指标体系初探

结合高校图书馆自身情况,参考相关文献的基础上,初选出19个指标对高校图书馆用户关系管理有效性进行评价。通过专家调查法,运用隶属度分析对理论指标进行了实证筛选,构建出以用户知识、用户互动、用户反应和用户价值实现为一级指标和从中细分的16个二级指标共同组成的高校图书馆用户关系管理有效性评价体系。     

消费者网上支付系统采用的影响因素研究

越来越多的消费者认可并接受网上支付,影响消费者网上支付的因素也非常多。本文在对相关文献进行回顾的基础上,结合中国电子商务市场的实际情况,提出了确定影响消费者网上支付采用的7个因素,并基于信度分析、效度分析及回归分析和对消费者使用网上支付平台的影响因素进行了实证研究。     

中国的体育仲裁探索和对国际体育仲裁效力的理解

根据2010年中德体育法研讨会确定的论题,阐述了在全球性多元化纠纷救济和体育仲裁作用的日益凸现中,中国对有关国家和国际体育仲裁发展的高度关注,介绍了中国学者对体育仲裁理论和建立中国体育仲裁制度所进行的各种研究以及中国政府和体育界对体育仲裁所进行的实践探索。特别是重点概括了中国学者对国际体育仲裁效力问题的基本看法,分析了对CAS承认与执行及其与《纽约公约》的关系,指出了中国虽然在现行法律上仍存在着某些相关冲突,但通过北京奥运会等实践过程,能够有效地尊重和维护包括兴奋剂裁决在内的各种CAS裁决及其效力。     

青少年体育锻炼心理效益评定量表上海市常模的制订

体育锻炼心理效益的科学评定直接关系到青少年健康促进工作的顺利开展.基于运动健康促进理论与社会需求,在前期研究和专家访谈的基础上,研究编制了《青少年体育锻炼心理效益评定量表》,由主观体验、情绪活力、身体价值、人际感知和困境应对5个维度构成.探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析结果均表明,该量表具有可靠的信效度,可作为青少年体育锻炼心理效益的评定工具.多元方差分析结果表明,青少年体育锻炼心理效益存在性别和年级的显著性差异,因此,分别制订了上海市青少年体育锻炼心理效益的性别常模和年级常模,为更好地促进不同性别、年龄青少年体育锻炼心理效益提供客观的评定标准.     

英语专业测试向效度妥协的理据与途径

语言测试中充满了对立统一的矛盾变量,而妥协则是解决矛盾冲突的有效手段。从英语专业测试的视角,针对当前测试中重知识轻能力以及测试的负面反拨效应等问题,提出了向效度妥协的原则。在阐述向效度妥协的相关理据的基础上,就实践该原则的有效途径进行了探讨,旨在为英语专业测试的改革提供理论支持和可行性建议。     

国内外语言评估工具研究

评估是开展科学有效的言语、语言训练的前提和基础,对语言能力作出准确的诊断评估则需要一定工具。目前,语言评估可以通过标准化测验和非标准化的评估方法进行评估。本文采用文献综述的方法,对现今国外、境外、大陆地区使用范围较广、评价较高的标准化语言评估工具进行介绍,以了解这些工具的主要内容、施测过程、信效度及优缺点,供评估者选择使用。