浅谈如何提高高校系办公室的服务水平

高等学校培养高素质人才,离不开教学管理工作,各院(系)的办公室工作是高校实施教学管理措施培养人才的重要组成部分。因此,高校应当加强院(系)的办公室服务水平,为师生创造良好的教学环境。     

薄利多销价格策略的条件

薄利多销价格策略的条件包括:商品富有价格弹性、消费者具有与薄利多销相应的消费心理、竞争者之间避免价格大战、企业应达到的基本素质以及把握好薄利多销的最佳时机。     

影响饭店员工离职的因素及对策分析

饭店业作为我国最早与国际接轨的开放式行业之一,也最早受到离职问题的困扰。本文通过对饭店员工的离职影响因素进行分析,结合我国饭店业员工离职原因的定性研究成果,建立了包含员工离职意向影响因素以及离职调节因素的饭店业员工离职影响因素模型。并且通过对影响员工离职因素的分析,从饭店企业文化、工作内容设计、人员招聘、员工培训、薪酬制度、职业生涯管理以及饭店员工离职管理等层面提出有效减少饭店业员工离职的对策。     

英国中小学教师流失:特征、原因及其应对策略

近年来,英国中小学饱受教师短缺问题的困扰,不仅师资供不应求,离职现象也十分普遍,面临教师招聘困难与教师流失严重的双重困境。研究发现,繁重的工作量、较低的工资收入与职业生涯发展受阻等因素是导致教师离职的主要原因。为了应对日益严重的教师流失危机,英国政府致力于从改革问责制、增强教学改革的稳定性、助力教师提高课堂管理效率等方面减轻工作量负担;从上调工资幅度、提供薪酬补助金、资助养老金计划等方面整体上提升教师的薪酬;再通过制定完整的职业发展路径、鼓励实施灵活工作制、出台应对脱欧的政策意见等创造利于教师职业发展的条件。     

Challenges to critical legal education: A case study

The article analyses the impact of the neoliberal policy framework and managerialism on critical legal education in the context of Waikato Law Faculty, University of Waikato, Aotearoa New Zealand. The delivery of critical legal education challenges the ideology and implementation of current tertiary education policy and training because it is designed to deliver critical knowledge and not just vocational information. Waikato Law School was established in 1990 the year the neoliberal tertiary policy was enacted in the Education Amendment Act 1990. It represented an attempt to introduce a more critical and inclusive approach to legal education. The article provides an account of the struggle to maintain a critical approach under a statutory framework that requires conformity to government policy designed to cut the cost of tertiary education and integrate universities into a neoliberal policy framework. The case study is intended to illustrate the insidious influence of the policy on undermining a legal education that prepares students to think critically. It is also intended to illustrate that it is possible to resist this interference in the fundamental role of the academic to be the critic and conscience of society.     

Beg,borrow, and steal: Formal and informal access to the scholarly literature at U.S. master's universities

This study investigates the methods by which faculty obtain scholarly articles, books, and chapters. It focuses on full-text retrieval rather than discovery, drawing on a survey of 529 full-time faculty at U.S. colleges and universities in the Carnegie master's—large and master's—medium categories. When seeking articles, faculty rely mainly on their home-institution library collections, freely accessible online resources, and interlibrary loan. The situation is different for books, however; faculty most often purchase the books they need. Despite the continuing importance of formal access mechanisms (home-institution library collections and interlibrary loan), faculty rely on other sources of full text—informal access mechanisms—for 50% of the articles and 66% of the books they use. Nearly 25% get more articles from the open web than from any other source, and substantial minorities report heavy reliance on other sources. In particular, faculty sometimes use other libraries, often relying on current or past affiliations (e.g., part-time teaching) or on the user accounts of family, friends, and colleagues. Many are critical of their university library collections, but most are satisfied with freely accessible online resources and interlibrary loan.     

Techno-optimism and policy-pessimism in the public sector big data debate

Despite great potential, high hopes and big promises, the actual impact of big data on the public sector is not always as transformative as the literature would suggest. In this paper, we ascribe this predicament to an overly strong emphasis the current literature places on technical-rational factors at the expense of political decision-making factors. We express these two different emphases as two archetypical narratives and use those to illustrate that some political decision-making factors should be taken seriously by critiquing some of the core ‘techno-optimist’ tenets from a more ‘policy-pessimist’ angle. In the conclusion we have these two narratives meet ‘eye-to-eye’, facilitating a more systematized interrogation of big data promises and shortcomings in further research, paying appropriate attention to both technical-rational and political decision-making factors. We finish by offering a realist rejoinder of these two narratives, allowing for more context-specific scrutiny and balancing both technical-rational and political decision-making concerns, resulting in more realistic expectations about using big data for policymaking in practice.     

Measuring and exploring the geographic mobility of American professors from graduating institutions: Differences across disciplines,academic ranks,and genders

This paper proposes two novel measures to study the geographic mobility of faculty members from their graduating institutions in the United States: a continuous measure using geographic distance and a discrete one concerning the concept of Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). The joint application of the two novel measures to a hand-collected hiring network dataset including more than 15,000 faculty members in three disparate disciplines (business, computer science, and history) leads to interesting findings regarding geographic mobility of American professors from graduating institutions, defined by relocation distance or cross-MSA from the PhD granting institution and the hiring institution. Overall, American faculty exhibits high geographic mobility from their graduating institutions in terms of relocation distance and cross-MSA moves. History faculty members have the highest mobility while those in business show the lowest mobility. We further find that assistant professors show the highest mobility while full professors show lowest mobility. In addition, while there is little distance difference between male and female faculty members overall, female faculty members are less likely to move between MSAs or regions in the United States.     

农村中学教师职业认同对离职倾向的影响研究

本研究以农村教师为研究对象,探讨农村教师职业认同与离职倾向相关关系及职业认同对离职倾向的影响程度,目的在于帮助农村学校管理者有针对性提高管理水平,制定满足农村教师需要的管理政策以增强其职业认同感,降低离职率。文章首先在较早研究者编制的量表的基础上经过访谈、专家咨询、项目分析、因子分析、信度和效度检验等方法对教师职业认同量表进行了修正,得出一个包含八个维度的量表。再通过相关分析、逐步回归分析得出农村教师职业认同与离职倾向呈显著负相关,并建立了以职业认同为自变量,离职倾向为因变量二者关系的标准回归方程。