美国虚假专利标记法律制度的修订及评析

从追溯美国虚假专利标记法律制度的历史沿革入手,分析最新的修正案的价值诉求,以及亟需明确的诉权享有者、竞争性损害测量和损失补偿方法等三大问题.在此基础之上,简要回顾中国有关虚假专利标记法律规制的演进,分析中美在该问题上制度设计的差异,以期为中国虚假专利标记制度的进一步完善提供参考.     

教师资格证制度下教师假性成长问题探究

教师资格证制度是我国对教师实行的职业资格认定制度,是国家对专门从事教育教学人员的最基本要求,它规定了从事教师职业必须具备的基本条件。但是我国现存的教师资格证制度是不分级别、终身有效、全国通用的,这势必在给教师带来保障的同时也成为教师假性成长的“温床”。因此,对教师资格证制度要扬长避短,通过对其革新,真正促进教师专业成长。     

Tracking facial features with occlusions

INTRODUCTION As one of the most interesting applications of image analysis and processing, facial expressions tracking has received great attention in the last few years. It can be explained by some reasons, such as increasing interest to human-computer-interaction (HCI), video conferencing systems, entertaining ap- plications, and automatic 3D face modelling. Ex- pression tracking is the process of retrieving facial expression information (i.e. location or relationship of facial feature…     

财务困境判别模型的个案研究

本文通过对中外学者提出的不同财务困境判别模型在中国上市公司数据适用性的比照研究，证实了在现阶段中国某些上市公司存在不同程度数据失真的情况下，此类模型在预测中的准确性及超前性。同时对财务困境判别模型在中国实际应用中应该注意的问题提出了讨论及思考。     

An improved lock detector for phase-locked communication receivers

A quadrature lock detector is incorporated in almost all coherent radio communication receivers. This commonly-used receiver subsystem is comprised of a quadrature phase detector that drives a low-pass filter, the output of which is subjected to a user-specified threshold to make a lock/unlock decision. Signal acquisition and phase lock are declared if an above threshold condition is observed. Unfortunately, this method of lock detection may yield a positive lock indication when the receiver is false locked; i.e., a classical quadrature lock detector may generate a false-positive lock indication. This tendency to produce an incorrect lock indication can be reduced significantly by using the new lock detector algorithm that is described here. Compared to the classical quadrature lock detector, the new lock detector is better able to differentiate between true phase lock and anomalous false lock. The classical quadrature lock detector is a simple, first-order approximation of the new lock detector algorithm. That is, the new lock detector algorithm consists of a classical quadrature detector that is augmented by a correction term.     

浅论虚假广告的治理

伴随着市场经济的蓬勃发展,作为其负面产物的虚假广告也开始大量充斥于市场,不仅直接侵害了消费者的合法权益,也严重破坏了我国市场经济秩序的健康发展,成为阻制国民经济发展的痼疾。本文从多个角度展开分析,寻求虚假广告在我国泛滥的根源,并提出相应的治理建议。     

论虚假商品信息

该文指出了败德生产经营者制造虚假商品信息的行为,揭示了虚假商品信息的内涵及其存在形式、原因。并探讨了其防范和制约措施。     

Most ankle sprain research is either false or clinically unimportant: A 30-year audit of randomized controlled trials

BackgroundLateral ankle sprain is the most common musculoskeletal injury. Although clinical research in this field is growing, there is a broader concern that clinical trial outcomes are often false and fail to translate into patient benefits.MethodsWe audited 30 years of experimental research related to lateral ankle sprain management (n = 74 randomized controlled trials) to determine if reports of treatment effectiveness could be validated beyond statistical certainty.ResultsA total of 77% of trials reported positive treatment effects, but there was a high risk of false discovery. Most trials were unregistered and relied solely on statistical significance, or lack of statistical significance, rather than on interpreting key measures of minimum clinical importance (e.g., minimal detectable change, minimal clinically important difference).ConclusionFuture clinical trials must adopt higher standards of reporting and data interpretation. This includes consideration of the ethical responsibility to preregister their research and interpretation of clinical outcomes beyond statistical significance.     

Meta-prompt based learning for low-resource false information detection

The wide spread of false information has detrimental effects on society, and false information detection has received wide attention. When new domains appear, the relevant labeled data is scarce, which brings severe challenges to the detection. Previous work mainly leverages additional data or domain adaptation technology to assist detection. The former would lead to a severe data burden; the latter underutilizes the pre-trained language model because there is a gap between the downstream task and the pre-training task, which is also inefficient for model storage because it needs to store a set of parameters for each domain. To this end, we propose a meta-prompt based learning (MAP) framework for low-resource false information detection. We excavate the potential of pre-trained language models by transforming the detection tasks into pre-training tasks by constructing template. To solve the problem of the randomly initialized template hindering excavation performance, we learn optimal initialized parameters by borrowing the benefit of meta learning in fast parameter training. The combination of meta learning and prompt learning for the detection is non-trivial: Constructing meta tasks to get initialized parameters suitable for different domains and setting up the prompt model’s verbalizer for classification in the noisy low-resource scenario are challenging. For the former, we propose a multi-domain meta task construction method to learn domain-invariant meta knowledge. For the latter, we propose a prototype verbalizer to summarize category information and design a noise-resistant prototyping strategy to reduce the influence of noise data. Extensive experiments on real-world data demonstrate the superiority of the MAP in new domains of false information detection.     

“女”族词命名方式探讨

女性词语纷繁复杂,历来对她们的研究更多的局限于表亲属类词语的探讨。文章通过整理汉语文献,从类型学的角度出发,着力厘清她们的来源,发现人类语言中女性称呼词语的来源与女性的身体、外貌、工作、住所等有着密切关系。