Evaluation of Jigsaw,a cooperative learning technique

Cooperative learning techniques have been promoted for the development of academic and social competencies. One such technique, Jigsaw, creates cooperation by structuring student interdependence through the learning task, rather than through the grading system. A process and outcome evaluation of Jigsaw was conducted. Eleven teachers of fifth-grade classes received Jigsaw in-service training and conducted Jigsaw in their classes over a school year. Students in 13 other fifth-grade classes served as a comparison group. Students received a pretest and a post-test assessing attitudes toward self, peers, and school, and achievement and attendance records were collected. The process evaluation revealed that the quality and frequency of Jigsaw implementation varied greatly. Jigsaw failed to have a positive effect on the outcome variables, even for the five classes where it was implemented proficiently. The results, which are consistent with an earlier study (J. Moskowitz, J. Malvin, G. Schaeffer, & E. Schaps, 1983, American Education Research Journal, 20, 687–696), are discussed in terms of a theoretical shortcoming of this technique.     

Are the social workers prepared to assist a changing population of dysfunctional parents in Sweden?

What kind of support can an affluent society as the Swedish offer dysfunctional parents in order to give the infants an optimal start in life? The purpose of the present study was to analyze the social situation in families precipitating the admission of infants to institutional care in 1970. 1975 and 1980. The results show that in 1980 more complex forms of parental dysfunction were common including mental disorders, criminality, abuse of alcohol and drug addiction. The reported incidence of domestic violence had increased significantly from 1970 to 1980 as well as the number of maltreated infants. The social welfare agencies had greater difficulties and to a larger extent lacked adequate methods of providing assistance to the dysfunctional parents in 1980 than in 1970.     

城乡家庭暴力原因与趋势分析

从经济、环境、观念等角度出发,对城市与农村中的家庭暴力现象进行分析并指出其异同之处及其今后可能的发展趋势,有助于人们更好地认识和理解家庭暴力问题的根本原因。因为准确的诊断是提出任何可能的救治方案必不可少的逻辑前提。     

庙会的产生及其嬗变轨迹

庙会是中国特有的一种民俗，从本质上讲，它属于人的一种信仰。探讨人类的信仰渊源，我们可以看到，庙会产生于人类信仰的偶像崇拜阶段。任何事物一经产生，随着社会的前进，都会发生相应的变化。庙会在这一过程中，它的功能、组织过程都发生了截然有别于产生之初的变化。     

Violence among family members of children and adolescents evaluated for sexual abuse

OBJECTIVES: The two aims of this study were to: (1). describe the prevalence and characteristics of domestic adult and child physical violence in the homes of children and adolescents evaluated in a specialized sexual abuse clinic and (2). describe parent or caretaker responses to domestic adult and child violence and child sexual abuse, including tendencies to report or seek medical care. METHOD: A consecutive sample of 164 subjects (ages 7-19) were interviewed in a sexual abuse clinic regarding in-home violent or abusive experiences among family members that had occurred at any time during their childhood. RESULTS: Fifty-two percent of these children and teenagers reported spousal violence in their home. Fifty-eight percent of child sexual offenders who were in-home males also physically abused their adult female partner. Half of in-home males who were physically violent to children also sexually abused them. In 86% of homes with partner violence, the children were also physically assaulted. There was no difference in sexual abuse disclosure rates or patterns for children living with or without adult violence. CONCLUSIONS: Sexually abused children should be questioned about physical abuse and the presence of violence among adults in their home. Safety plans for sexually abused children should incorporate screening for family violence and safety plans for parents and siblings of child victims, when appropriate.     

塔式电工电子实验教学新体系的建设与探索

结合西安电子科技大学国家电工电子实验教学示范中心的建设经验，讨论了塔式结构的电工电子实验新体系。对其中4个层次的实验教学目标、要求和内容给出详细描述。     

有助于学生养成良好阅读习惯的举措刍议--基于2018年长沙市教育质量监测的大数据分析

近年来,长沙市教育局在推进建设书香社会方面通过经费保障、政策实施、活动举办等多举并重的方式开展了一系列改革创新性工作。为进一步了解中学生阅读习惯状况以及政策推进的有效性,2018年对全市中学生采用问卷方式进行抽样调查,调查结果显示:(1)学生阅读习惯良好,但阅读时间相对不足;(2)众多父母有较好的阅读习惯;(3)校园阅读资源较丰富;(4)有阅读习惯的父母及家庭藏书量较多有助于学生养成良好的阅读习惯;(5)良好的班级阅读氛围及每周开设阅读课程能促进学生养成良好阅读习惯;(6)市教育局推出的全民阅读相关政策为中学生阅读习惯养成提供了"沃土"。对此,本文建议从倡导家庭阅读、扩大多元阅读、改善校园阅读、持续落实政策等方面培养中学生养成良好阅读习惯。     

试析当前家长教养观念错位现象

现代生活要求高素质的人才以适应未来社会发展的需要，家长作为影响儿童发展的重要因素，其素质高低直接影响人才的培养和教育的效果。影响儿童发展与教育的家长素质是多方面的，其中尤以教养观念的影响更为直接和突出。然而，现实生活中的家长教养观念普遍存在颇多误区，它已严重地影响着儿童的发展。因此，提高家长素质，特别是改善其教养观念，具有非常重要的意义。     

剖析“家庭教育缺损”对儿童心理健康的影响

由于各种各样的原因,现代中小学生的心理健康问题呈日益严重的趋势。影响中小学生心理健康的因素是多方面的,而家庭是一个不可忽视的重要因素。作为家长,应努力为孩子创造一个良好的环境,以使孩子能健康、茁壮的成长,成为一个对社会有用的人。     

浅谈NBA中锋技术在篮球比赛中的运用

中锋技术是队员利用熟练的进攻防守技术和良好的身体素质,在比赛中用来超越防守者的篮球进攻技术.此技术要求中锋对进攻的位置和时机作出果断的选择,同时与其它战术结合运用,随机应变进行进攻,只有这样才能保证失误率的降低,从而胜出对手而赢得比赛.