喷射火灾下LPG储罐裂纹生长研究

LPG储罐在遭受热冲击时通常会面临较为恶劣的环境,在高温和内压作用下,金属材料强度下降,罐体将会出现局部屈服变形,严重时可能会发生破裂甚至爆炸。文章建立了喷射火灾下LPG储罐的裂纹开口生长模型,计算了75%充装率的水平圆柱体LPG储罐,从裂纹开口开始发生到最终状态下裂纹宽度和裂纹面积的变化趋势。     

Effects of forward trunk lean on hamstring muscle kinematics during sprinting

This study aimed to investigate the effects of forward trunk lean on hamstring muscle kinematics during sprinting. Eight male sprinters performed maximal-effort sprints in two trunk positions: forward lean and upright. A three-dimensional musculoskeletal model was used to compute the musculotendon lengths and velocity of the biceps femoris long head, semitendinosus, and semimembranosus muscles during the sprinting gait cycle. The musculotendon lengths of all the three hamstring muscles at foot strike and toe-off were significantly greater during the forward trunk lean sprint than during the upright trunk sprint. In addition, a positive peak musculotendon lengthening velocity was observed in the biceps femoris long head and semimembranosus muscles during the late stance phase, and musculotendon lengths at that instant were significantly greater during the forward trunk lean sprint than during the upright trunk sprint. The present study provides significant evidence that a potential for hamstring muscle strain injury involving forward trunk lean sprinting would exist during the stance phase. The results also indicate that the biceps femoris long head and semimembranosus muscles are stretched during forward trunk lean sprinting while contracting eccentrically in the late stance phase; thus, the elongation load on these muscles could be increased.     

功能动作模式下短跑训练实证研究

功能动作训练用于短跑中,在于优化短跑运动员的技术动作,预防运动损伤,提高核心力量和核心稳定性。文章运用文献资料法、实验法、数理统计法等研究方法,对西北师范大学体育教育专业田径专选组学生短跑技术进行了研究。结果表明：（1）经过为期三个月的教学实验,实验组和对照组的步幅、步频、100米成绩与实验前相比都有明显的提高（p<0.05）。且实验组高于对照组。（2）功能动作训练能有效的提高短跑运动员的核心力量和核心稳定性。     

浅谈莫言《生死疲劳》的变异修辞

莫言是中国首位诺贝尔文学奖的获得者,其小说在语言方面取得了令人瞩目的成就。《生死疲劳》是莫言的经典作品,其语言汪洋恣肆,千变万化,尤其是变异修辞手法的运用,不仅数目多,而且类型广。     

钢筋增强超高韧性水泥基复合材料梁的剪切性能试验研究

目的：揭示不同剪跨比和配箍率的钢筋增强超高韧性水泥基复合材料（RUHTCC）梁的抗剪性能,为超高韧性水泥基复合材料（UHTCC）用于结构关键抗剪部位提供参考。方法：基于抗剪试验结果,阐明剪跨比和配箍率对RUHTCC梁抗剪性能的影响,明确UHTCC与箍筋之间的复合抗剪效应,揭示 RUHTCC 梁的抗剪机理。方法：以剪跨比和配箍率为变量参数,通过 RUHTCC梁在跨中集中荷载作用下的弯曲试验,研究RUHTCC 梁的剪切裂缝形态、荷载-挠度行为、破坏模式、开裂剪切强度和极限剪切强度等抗剪性能,并结合试验结果,分析 RUHTCC 梁的剪力传递机理。结论：1. RUHTCC梁呈现出优良的剪切抗力以及稳态的斜裂缝扩展过程和多缝剪切开裂行为。2.配置少量的箍筋可将典型的剪切破坏转变为较为延性的弯剪破坏甚至弯曲破坏。然而,箍筋的配置并未显著提高 RUHTCC 梁的抗剪能力,同时耦合UHTCC与箍筋也没有表现出协同抗剪效应。3.拉杆-拱模型和桁架-拱模型可用以描述RUHTCC短梁和细长梁的抗剪机理。     

砌体裂缝原因分析及预防措施

分析了砌体裂缝产生的原因,介绍砌体裂缝的预防方法。     

现浇钢筋混凝土楼板裂缝控制的试验研究

文章对现浇钢筋混凝土楼板开裂的情况进行了现场调查,初步分析了现浇钢筋混凝土楼板开裂的性状和原因。利用现场使用的不同配合比的C30混凝土试件,分别在标准收缩养护和非标准收缩养护条件下的收缩值进行对比试验研究,探讨早期浇水养护对现浇混凝土收缩变形的补偿作用。     

Largest Silurian Vertebrate Discovered from Yunnan,China

<正>An apparent absence of Silurian fishes more than half-a-metre in length has been viewed as evidence that gnathostomes(jawed vertebrates)were restricted in size and diversity prior to the Devonian.A team led by Professor ZHU Min,Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology(IVPP)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has unearthed a bony fi sh with an estimated length of about 1 meter from the Silurian Kuanti Formation in Yunnan Province of southwestern China,revealing that pre-Devonian gnathostomes could attain comparatively large sizes.The study published on June 12 in the journal of Scientifi c Reports adds     

中药饮品对运动性疲劳大鼠骨骼肌影响的实验研究*

目的:观察中药饮品对大鼠生化、形态学和细胞凋亡指标的影响,以期为中药饮品的功效提供新的理论支持和科学数据。方法:SD大鼠48只分为4组,正常对照组、运动疲劳模型组、实验一组、实验二组。除对照组以外、余三组均进行运动跑台训练。实验组中药饮品灌胃。运动结束后,大鼠取骨骼肌检测。结论:两种中药饮品能够有效降低降低骨骼肌中的MDA含量,增加骨骼肌的总抗氧化能力。增加大鼠海马的总抗氧化能力,减少MDA含量。阻止caspase-3的活化,最终达到对抗细胞凋亡的目的。     

三种途径获取至关重要的“弧微分”

第一种途径是自创的,仅按极限的定义并结合使用两点间的距离公式和拉格朗日中值定理就可获得弧微分计算公式;第二种途径是经典的,需要用到定积分定义、变上限函数等等;第三种途径是高职高专教材编写者常用的,它需要先默认弦长与弧长之比的极限为1;为了按顺序编写教材,第一种途径最宜。