Fundamental motor skills,nutritional status,perceived competence,and school performance of Brazilian children in social vulnerability: Gender comparison

Being at risk or in social vulnerability situations can affect important aspects of child development. The aim of this study was to investigate fundamental motor skills (locomotor and object control) and school (writing, arithmetic, reading) performances, the perceived competence and the nutritional status of girls and boys living in social vulnerability in the poorest regions of Brazil. Two hundred eleven (211) children (87 girls, 41%), 7–10-year-old (M = 8.3, SD = 0.9), from public schools in Ceará (Brazil), living in social vulnerability, participated in the study. Children were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development – 2, the Body Mass Index (BMI), the Self-Perception Profile for Children, and the School Performance Test. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA), adjusted for age, did not show any significant effect for locomotion. There was an effect of gender on the object control. Boys showed higher scores in striking, kicking, throwing, and rolling a ball. Quade's nonparametric analysis showed no difference in BMI between the genders. Most children presented healthy weight. The MANCOVA showed no effect of gender on children’s scores on perceived competence on the subscales; moderate scores were found for most children. There were no gender effects on school performance; both boys and girls demonstrated inferior performance. Boys and girls in social vulnerability showed inferior performance in most motor skills, moderate perceived competence and inferior school performance. These results reveal that the appropriate development of these children is at risk and that intervention strategies should be implemented to compensate the difficulties presented.     

Dress for fit: An exploration of female activewear consumption

While the female activewear market is growing rapidly, research on activewear consumption and female consumers is lagging. Existing researchers have failed to produce an in-depth understanding of female consumers’ perceptions of activewear, thereby providing limited insights for the activewear industry. Drawing upon brand association theory and the functional, expressive, and aesthetic model, the authors identify important attributes of activewear brands and how attributes lead to benefits pursued by female activewear consumers. Focus groups were conducted with 72 female activewear consumers in Australia. Findings reveal three product-related attributes (functional design, colour, and size and fit) and two non-product-related attributes (price and model imagery) influence the fulfillment of four benefits (mood enhancement, exercise facilitation, healthy and active lifestyle, and physical fit body image). This research contributes theoretical and empirical knowledge about activewear consumption and the vertical structure of brand associations. Findings of this research can help activewear brands deliver benefits to female consumers through improved product designs and marketing strategies.     

作为存在方式的写作——《金色笔记》主人公生存状态研究

英国当代著名女作家多丽丝·莱辛一直以来关注着人类的生存状态和命运,她的著名作品<金色笔记>更以独特的方式向世人展示了一个西方五十年代知识分子的生存状态.文章从著名心理学家荣·德·莱恩的存在主义心理学观点出发,分析了写作这一行为对于一个知识分子的生存状态的重要作用,指出写作一方面既是个体维护自身存在感和生动性的手段,又是导致个体逃避现实的主要因素,另一方面,也能够作为积极的行动,使人摆脱虚妄的幻想,回归理性.     

科技论文写作的技巧与规范

介绍了科技论文的写作要求和写作技巧.主要从标题的拟定,关键词的选取,摘要、引言、正文和结论(或讨论)的写作等多方面来阐述科技论文写作技巧和写作规范,为初投稿作者写作科技论文提供参考,以使科技论文尽可能达到科学、客观、简洁和易于学术届交流等目标.     

高职院校应用文写作课堂教学实践探析

高职院校的应用文写作存在着在不断普及和教学效果不佳的矛盾,通过分析它在教材、师资队伍、教学对象等方面存在的问题,提出了进行个性化教学改革的建议,在做好教师培训和课程安排等方面的前提下,对教学内容、教学过程和教学方法进行改革,以提高应用文写作的教学效果,更好地实现高职教育的培养目标.     

广元“女儿节凤舟赛”对城市发展的影响研究

使用文献资料法、专家访谈法和分析归纳法,对广元＂女儿节凤舟赛＂在城市发展中的影响进行了深入分析和研究。本文基于对广元市凤舟赛的历史和发展现状的研究,通过分析归纳指出,广元＂女儿节凤舟赛＂对广元市发展的主要影响因素包括：社会经济效应因素,文化生活效应因素和社会环境效应因素。     

The experiences of sexual harassment in sport and education among European female sports science students

The study investigates whether sport is an especially risky environment for sexual harassment to occur. It explores female students’ experiences of sexual harassment in organized sport and compares them with their experiences in formal education, by addressing the following research questions: (1) Are there any differences in female sport students’ experiences of sexual harassment in sport and education? (2) Are there any differences in female sport students’ experiences of sexual harassment from coaches and teachers? (3) Are there any differences in female sport students’ experiences from peer students and peer athletes? A total of 616 female students from three different European countries, Czech Republic, Greece and Norway, answered a questionnaire. The results revealed that the students had experienced more sexual harassment in an educational setting than in a sport setting. Further analysis showed that this was primarily due to sexual harassment from peers in school. In Greece and Norway, there was no difference between occurrences from teachers and coaches, yet in Czech Republic coaches appear to harass more than teachers. The difference between sexual harassment occurring from peers in sport and in education is discussed in relation to whether the sense of belonging/camaraderie that a sport club member may experience might function as a barrier for sexual harassment to occur—because it embarrasses or hurts a teammate. In addition, sport clubs and teams are governed by their respective sport rules and possibly by additional club/team rules, which may also establish extra inside-club/team boundaries for acceptable and nonacceptable/harassing behaviors. This article concludes that greater emphasis ought to be placed on education; not only toward shaping safer teacher/coach behaviors, but also toward the student/athlete behaviors.     

寻梦者的悲音--论凌叔华二十年代小说创作中的寻梦情结

作为二十世纪中国第一代知识女性,凌叔华在上个世纪二十年代的文学创作中执着地追寻女性的理想人生.诗意和谐的女性存在成了她痛苦而美丽的梦.其文学作品也成了她寻梦情结的内心与外像的创造的凝聚物.     

读纳兰词札记

纳兰词《采桑子》中,"谢家"指所爱子。"十-年"如果从卢氏死算起已是１６８８年,此时纳兰已死三年了,所以不可能是悼亡之作。中国文字有多义性特点,分析词句含义时应把它放在全篇主旨的大背景中去讲折。如《浪淘沙》中的紫玉是指饰物金钗,不是指吴王夫差女儿紫玉。《梦江南》中的"心字"指心,而不是指心字香。抓住了全篇主旨就可以避免穿凿附会。     

Storybook writing in first grade

Research literature on writingstorybooks overlooks first graders. This ispuzzling as children enter first grade havingemergent literacy, in reading, writing, andstory composition. It may reflect the belief that at thisage children should learn to read and write(conventionally) as the curriculum demands,while elaborate writing is assumed be taughtand developed in higher grades. This study investigated story writing by Arab(N = 184) and Jewish (N = 321) first graders inIsrael. The children were presented with fourrelated pictures, asked to paste them in thesequence of their choice in a booklet, and thento write a narrative in their first language(Arabic or Hebrew). Writing the storybook wasperceived as a space for literacy development,and was tested in the contextof two instruction methods: Success For All(SFA) and whole-class Active Learning (AL). Theclasses were observed and teachers wereinterviewed on writing instruction.Nineteen categories of writing yieldedthree clusters–factors: book print awareness,writing conventions, and story quality. Thesethen served as measures for writing outcomes. Jewish and Arab children in SFA achieved higherscores than AL students; the Jews were higherthan the Arabs on most categories, but theestimate gain was highest for Arabs in SFA. The effect of SFA was highest for at-riskJewish students and lowest for at-risk Arabstudents. The results are discussed against thelinguistic and cultural background of the twogroups and in respect of their implications forwriting instruction in a bilingual context.