教师经验与随机的“形式聚焦”教学技巧之关系行动研究

随机的＂形式聚焦＂是重要的教学法,因为它不仅促进人们对形式和意义的共同关注,更鼓励学生要注意语言形式。在研究教师引发的随机的＂形式聚焦＂教学技巧时,考虑教师的教育经验背景是非常重要的。通过行动研究发现,在数量和类型上,有经验的教师比没有经验的教师使用更多的随机的＂形式聚焦＂教学技巧。     

行动导向教学法对激发五年制高职学生学习动力的作用

目前五年制高职院校学生综合素质低、学习动力缺乏、学习兴趣淡薄,这成了五年制高职教育提高人才培养质量的制约因素。如何搞好教学改革、激发高职学生的学习动力就成为一个重要课题。文章从行动导向教学法的内涵、特点、应用等方面展现其对学生学习动力激发的巨大作用,以此展示行动导向教学改革将带来高职教育前所未有的崭新面貌。     

行动反思教学模式在社会工作实务类课程教学中的探索与实践

行动反思教学模式是在直接行动经验中建立知识、技巧和价值观的,在这种模式下,教学的过程是一种双向的互动的过程。社会工作实务类课程是社会工作专业教育特色的集中体现,此类课程的实施质量直接影响学生专业水平的提升以及专业价值理念的形成。本文尝试探索适应有关课程的行动反思教学模式,并相应提出运用行动反思教学模式的具体教学理念与方法。     

Thai pre-service science teachers engaging action research during their fifth year internship

As a key element in teacher education programmes, action research is a learning process in which pre-service teachers inquire, reflect on and improve their teaching practices. This qualitative study sought to understand what enhanced or hindered Thai pre-service teachers' action research projects during their student teaching. This study drew upon written reflections, focus-group interviews and observations of seminar sessions. Data analysis was inductive, involving categorical aggregation followed by a search for correspondence and patterns. The results indicated that the pre-service teachers misunderstood action research, and also held a negative attitude toward it, both of which led them to superficial analyses of practice. They struggled with time limitations, data gathering and interpretation strategies. In spite of the struggles they experienced, these pre-service science teachers did learn more about the action research through collaboratively working with cooperating teachers and university supervisors and on-campus seminar discussions held concurrently with the fifth year internship. Recognizing and understanding the reasons and thinking patterns at the root of these teachers' difficulties with learning about action research can form the basis for reflecting on and rethinking the components of science teacher preparation programmes in Thailand.     

When practice takes precedence: conceptions of inquiry and the link to ethical posture

Using participatory action research (PAR), this paper explores the ethical practice of students engaged in practitioner research in a higher education context. Using narrative enquiry, the paper explores the participants’ experiences of practitioner research, including ethical dilemmas that resulted from a conflict of values between the practitioner and research roles. We postulate a multi-dimensional approach to ethical practice known as ‘ethical posture’ emerging from our consideration of conceptions of inquiry that resulted in contrasting ethical behaviour.     

Improving numeracy outcomes for children through community action research

Virtue, according to Aristotle, is doing the right things at the right time with the right people for the right end and in the right way. This concept is central to the work of the Early Learning Initiative, an Irish community-based educational initiative. This paper describes how a community of parents, early childhood care and education practitioners and a third-level institution used action research to develop a three-year numeracy programme for children aged zero to six years. The Early Numeracy Project was one of 11 national projects that aimed to influence early years practice, provision and policy in Ireland. Remaining true to our local values and virtuous practice while implementing a national project was challenging, particularly when robust evidence of the impact of the programme on the children and parents in our community was required at national level. Approximately 860 children (zero to six years old) and their families took part in the Early Numeracy Programme each year, with national and local evaluations indicating that the outcomes for children in the programme had improved. The programme is an example of how a local community can use action research and virtuous practices to implement a national programme and improve outcomes for children.     

大学教师发展：斯坦福大学的经验

近年来大学教师发展受到越来越多的重视,它已成为促进大学发展的重要方式和途径。美国大学教师发展活动开展相对较早,顶尖的斯坦福大学在教师发展上积累了相当丰富的经验：兼顾教师个人发展、教学发展以及组织发展,活动形式多种多样,并重视提升教师自我学习与自我发展能力,将增进教师的幸福、打造卓越的生涯与塑造成功的大学等目标有机结合,从而促使教师取得更杰出的学术和教育成就,同时也为斯坦福大学保持世界一流提供了有力的支撑。     

Action learning,the tool for problem-solving in universities; Uganda Martyrs Nkozi,Makerere and Nkumba universities

The article presents an account of how action learning principles were implemented to alleviate complex problems in universities. It focuses on the registrars and administrators under the academic Registrar's department. The Marquardt model of action learning was used in combination with the constructivist theories of learning, namely community of practice, experiential learning, discovery learning, problem-based learning and situated learning. The importance of culture and knowledge sharing is also highlighted. The results indicate that action learning contributes to problem-solving. The community of practice creates a conducive environment for successful implementation of action learning, and different organizational cultures impact on the implementation of action learning.     

Beyond you and me: stories for collective action and learning? Perspectives from an action research project

This paper explores the combination of storytelling and reflective action research as a means to effect change and learning within and across communities and organizations. Taking the complex challenge of ‘pro-environmental behaviour change’ as an example, the paper reflects on the experiences of a pilot project run for the UK government that took place over two years with five community groups in rural England. The research question centred on how the stories of ‘older’ (aged 50+) community advocates might be amplified and inspire wider change via a systemic action research approach. This paper describes the project and shares insights into how behaviour change might occur in this action-based learning context challenging more Newtonian conceptualizations of change. Some of the methodological and practice challenges and conundrums that arose are discussed including authenticity, ownership and ethical issues of voice and ownership. Parallels and distinctions between story-based action research and action learning are identified and the role of narrative in inducing action is considered. The paper concludes by reflecting on future directions and the overall potential there is for ‘narrative action learning’ to address those wicked systemic problems that transcend organizational boundaries and that are faced by real people in our communities and society as a whole.     

Incorporating a transformational learning perspective in action learning sets

A field study focused on learning capabilities within action learning sets was used to evaluate potential opportunities between action learning and transformational learning. The use of action learning as a methodology for the acquisition, sharing and transfer of information while integrating an added perspective for transformational learning within the action learning set was investigated. There could be occurrences of transformation within action learning and critical action learning sets. However, there could be the added possibility of using action learning as a potential vehicle for an enhanced or more specific focus on transformational learning. It is useful to explore this potential, especially when there is an increased awareness regarding associations between action learning and transformational learning. Within such learning environments, there could also be the increased potential for outcomes that transform an individual, group or organization. The use of transformational elements based on discussions and resulting themes that occur within action learning sessions are discussed with the aim of encouraging personal development, enhancing skills and engaging in adult learning that could lead to organizational development. Recommendations for these environments are also presented.