试论社区矫正的本土化

社区矫正制度代表着罪犯处遇的未来方向,已被世界各国广泛使用。其理论根基源于刑法谦抑性思想、行刑社会化理念。就我国现状而言,我国社会理念载体、法律载体和物质载体为社区矫正的本土化提供了现实可能。建议通过完善社区刑罚的刑事立法,整合现有基层司法资源,完善矫正机构职能分工,来完善社区矫正制度,保障和促进社区矫正在我国的发展。     

前期差错更正所得税的会计处理

企业在会计核算过程中可能会发生各种各样的差错,产生错账。错账会影响财务报表使用者对企业财务状况、经营成果和现金流量作出正确判断。就企业发现重要的前期差错时,对前期差错更正涉及到所得税时如何进行会计处理进行了探讨。     

教师尊严的认知偏差及矫正

教师对教师尊严的认知偏差是导致教师尊严逐渐式微的一个重要原因.当前对教师尊严的认知偏差有:过度重视外在他人的给予;过度追求经济收入的提高;教师尊严是一种普遍性尊严.对教师尊严的正确认知应是:教师尊严是自尊与尊重的统一;教师尊严的获得在于对教育使命的坚守;教师尊严是一种获得性与差异性尊严.     

Interculturality as an interactional achievement: Doubting others’ nationality and accounting for the doubt

ABSTRACT

This article examines the notion of interculturality in face-to-face, multilingual, ordinary interactions. The focus is on how participants perform constituent actions by reference to members’ normative expectations to a specific membership category. Employing ethnomethodology and conversation analysis, this article elucidates interculturality is an interactional achievement in interaction. More specifically, I describe interactional practices for doubting others’ nationality and accounting for doubts accomplished by particular interactional practices in a specific interactional position. Analyzing these interactional contingencies produced by participants demonstrates that members’ practices to make interculturality relevant in a temporal unfolding of the activity and shows how they reflexively use interculturality as a resource for constituent actions. This study contributes to the existing literature on the interactional construction of international and intercultural communication, and on the situated, sequential, and embodied organization of interculturality.     

Reliable automatic word spacing using a space insertion and correction model based on neural networks in Korean

Automatic word spacing in Korean remains a significant task in natural language processing owing to the extremely complex word spacing rules involved. Most previous models remove all spaces in input sentences and insert new spaces in the modified input sentences. If input sentences include only a small number of spacing errors, the previous models often return sentences with even more spacing errors than the input sentences because they remove the correct spaces that were typed intentionally by the users. To reduce this problem, we propose an automatic word spacing model based on a neural network that effectively uses word spacing information from input sentences. The proposed model comprises a space insertion layer and a spacing-error correction layer. Using an approach similar to previous models, the space insertion layer inserts word spaces into input sentences from which all spaces have been removed. The spacing error correction layer post-corrects the spacing errors of the space insertion model using word spacing typed by users. Because the two layers are tightly connected in the proposed model, the backpropagation flows are not blocked. As a result, the space insertion and error correction are performed simultaneously. In experiments, the proposed model outperformed all compared models on all measures on the same test data. In addition, it exhibited reliable performance (word-unit F1-measures of 94.17%～97.87%) regardless of how many word spacing errors were present in the input sentences.     

《豫章丛书》本《芑山文集》点校后记

张自烈是明末清初一位“严气正性”的名士和著作家,其交游之广、著述之丰,世所罕见。所撰《芑山文集》经清初至康熙中叶三次辑刻后遭禁毁,民国初年始刊入《豫章丛书》,今为全国高校古籍整理重点规划项目子项目之一。通过版本考察与对比,整理者发现行世《豫章丛书》本与馆藏俞王爵校辑本同源,差异较小,而与馆藏清初叶瞻泉刻本无渊源关系,差异较大。这三种版本时代背景不同,风貌各异。取俞辑本以校《豫章丛书》本,使后者愈益完善,其中珍贵史料得以更好地发掘利用,便是今番点校整理的用意。     

谈常见图书外借差错问题

探析常见图书外借差错原因及其纠正与预防方法，指出10种常见图书外借差错现象，讨论了引起差错的6种原因。阐释了纠正图书外借差错的7种方法，预防常见图书外借差错的6种措施。     

How to unring the bell: A meta-analytic approach to correction of misinformation

The study reports on a meta-analysis of attempts to correct misinformation (k?=?65). Results indicate that corrective messages have a moderate influence on belief in misinformation (r?=?.35); however, it is more difficult to correct for misinformation in the context of politics (r?=?.15) and marketing (r?=?.18) than health (r?=?.27). Correction of real-world misinformation is more challenging (r?=?.14), as opposed to constructed misinformation (r?=?.48). Rebuttals (r?=?.38) are more effective than forewarnings (r?=?.16), and appeals to coherence (r?=?.55) outperform fact-checking (r?=?.25), and appeals to credibility (r?=?.14).     

刘方成主编《大学语文》注释订误

刘方成主编的《大学语文》在词语注释和古书用字说明方面存在不少问题，有的是词语注释方面的，有的是古今字、通假字分辨不清。本文指出其中的失误之处并引用资料予以辨析。     

国际地学英文学术期刊更正声明的调查和思考

调查Web of Science核心合集收录的27种国际地学英文学术期刊2016—2020年刊发的更正声明,分析其多维度信息,即刊名、更正声明的数量、更正声明涉及的文献类型和题名及DOI号、更正的时间及卷期号、更正前原文献发表时间及其被引情况、更正声明的具体内容和被引情况、通信作者国别等。结果显示:国际地学英文学术期刊发布的更正声明规范性强,且数量呈逐年增长趋势;美国和中国作者发表的更正声明最多,但美国有下降趋势,而中国有上升趋势;绝大多数更正声明的责任主体是作者;更正对象涉及作者信息、文中信息、公式、致谢、参考文献、图、表格和附件等。为减轻错误内容的影响,学术期刊应提升更正声明的可发现性、提高更正声明的作者信息透明度、加强更正声明论文的审核;为规避更正反映的期刊质量问题,建议期刊和出版商协同严把论文评审关和编校关,加快更正声明的发表速度,并加强科研自律和科研道德规范,以提升学术期刊的学术质量和影响力。