《食品营养学》课程的教学改革与探索

结合高职教育发展的趋势,根据《食品营养学》课程的特点,基于工作岗位任职要求,从课程定位、教学内容、教学方法、教学资源、考核方式等方面探讨了《食品营养学》课程改革的措施。实践表明,正确的课程定位,以工作任务为载体、项目为导向的教学模式,灵活多样的教学手段、教学方法,丰富的教学资源和多样化的考核方式,明显提高了教学效果。     

A blockchain use case in food distribution: Do you know where your food has been?

This paper aims to explain the implementation of blockchain technology in the production and supply chain delivery system for eggs from farm to consumer by a company based in the Midwestern USA. One of the primary research questions answered is how blockchain can be utilized and applied to more accurately and transparently move goods through global supply chains. This company is at the forefront of developing such systems for use in industry, and a use case for egg distribution is detailed. The goal is to track products from farm to fork using blockchain and internet of things (IoT) enabled technologies. By creating traceable and transparent supply chains for food, consumers can attain the information they need to make informed choices about the food they buy and the companies they support. For stakeholders in the food supply chain, having traceability and transparency builds better relationships with their customers, increases efficiency, and reduces the risk and cost of food recalls, fraud, and product loss. The blockchain technology and this business are creating a case for fixing and transforming the world’s food system.     

纳米材料与农作物之间的相互作用：食品安全与启示

研究目的：通过综述作物对纳米材料的吸收途径和积累,以及纳米材料对农作物生长和营养的影响,为纳米污染在农业中的风险提供理论分析和启示。 创新要点：归纳了纳米材料被作物吸收的路径和对作物生理、遗传、营养各水平上产生的胁迫。重要结论：当前纳米与作物的研究应集中在食品安全相关的问题上,考虑农业实际情况和环境因素,分析纳米材料通过食物链富集和传递的可能性,探讨纳米材料与其他土壤有机污染物可能产生的复合污染。     

Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2016): comments and comparisons

A high quality diet is believed to play a functional role in promoting the healthy growth of mankind and preventing many kinds of chronic degenerative diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity. Adherence to a high quality diet has been strongly associated with a lower risk of mortality. To help promote healthy lifestyles and physical strength, the Chinese government has produced a new revised version of the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2016) and the Chinese Food Pagoda, as guidance for dietary intake among its population. Similarly, the Japanese government has produced the Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top Model, and the US government has recently published revised dietary recommendations in its 2015–2020 eighth edition of Dietary Guidelines for Americans. The evidence from all respective cohort studies involved in producing these guidelines shows a reduced risk of many chronic diseases and mortality if the guidelines are followed. All scientific findings support encouraging the general population to consume a broad variety of food on the basis of nutrient and food intakes in order to prevent deficiency diseases and a surplus of energy and nutrients, and recommend daily physical activity for health promotion.     

食品分子生物学的教学实践与思考

为适应食品行业对人才的需求,在食品专业本科生的课程体系中引入了分子生物学。联系食品行业的需求,明确了课程的教学目的,优化了教学内容。基本教学内容包括基因组织与个性化食品研发、基因组稳定性与食品成分的关系以及基因表达与食品成分的关系。为有效地将这些知识传授给学生,获得合理的知识结构,同时提高学生的相关能力和素质,在教学中引导学生将分子生物学知识与食品行业实际状况、其他课程知识相联系。     

纳洛酮对果糖偏好大鼠自主活动和自主运动行为影响的研究*

目的：研究阿片肽受体阻断剂纳洛酮对果糖偏好大鼠摄食活动、自主活动和主动运动行为的影响,探讨阿片肽系统在异常摄食和运动行为调节中的作用。方法：双瓶测试、24h液体摄入量测试评价果糖偏好动物模型状态。纳洛酮注射后采用美国Columbus代谢分析系统监测摄食饮水和自主活动,主动转轮系统监测大鼠自主运动行为参数。结果：（1）双瓶测试和24h果糖摄入量结果显示,模型组大鼠果糖摄入量高于对照组大鼠（P<0.05）。模型组大鼠24小时果糖溶液的摄入量高于饮水量,注射纳洛酮后果糖摄入量下降（P<0.05）,但仍高于饮水量,同时摄食量下降（P<0.05）。（2）模型组大鼠果糖喂养期间24小时自主活动高于饮水状态（P<0.05）,注射纳洛酮后自主活动下降（P<0.05）,并且与饮水状态下自主活动水平无差异。（3）以模型组大鼠饮水状态下24小时自主运动量为参照,果糖喂养期间模型大鼠自主运动量显著下降,注射纳洛酮后自主运动量增多（P<0.05）。结论：阿片肽系统参与果糖偏好大鼠果糖的奖赏效应下自主活动增多,自主运动行为抑制的中枢调节过程。     

计算机等级考试中元素进出栈问题探究——蚂蚁储食问题

元素进出栈问题是计算机等级考试中常见的问题。元素进出栈类似于蚂蚁进出洞,故而,本文一开始是在叙述一个小故事,接着引入元素进出栈问题。本文最终解决的问题是,任意n个元素进栈并出栈排序后,会有多少种不同的排列。     

Evaluating research efficiency within National R&D Programmes

Relying on efficiency analysis, we evaluate to what extent policy makers have been able to promote the establishment of consolidated and comprehensive research groups to contribute to the implementation of a successful innovation system for the Spanish food technology sector, oriented to the production of knowledge based on an application model. Using data envelopment analysis techniques that allow calculation of a generalized version of the traditional distance function model for productive efficiency, we find pervasive levels of inefficiency and a typology of different research strategies. Among these, in contrast to what has been assumed, established groups do not play the pre-eminent benchmarking role; rather, partially oriented, specialized and “shooting star” groups are the most common patterns. These results correspond with an infant innovation system, where the fostering of higher levels of efficiency and the promotion of the desired research patterns are ongoing.     

强化两级精品课程建设 全面发挥引领作用——以食品科技学院“动物性食品加工学”精品课程建设为例

华中农业大学食品科技学院＂动物性食品加工学＂精品课程建设小组以国家教育部＂质量工程＂为纲领,结合学院及专业的教学与科研情况,创造性地构建了校、院两级精品课程体系。该体系全面发挥了其在师资队伍建设、教材与课程建设、教学方法和手段改革、教学实践与学术交流等方面的引领作用,使精品课程形成了动态型可持续发展教学体系,提升了学生专业素养与创新能力,在社会范围内获得了较高质量的教学评价。     

金龙寨食品安全事故应急处置疾控中心定位案例讨论

以金龙寨食品安全事故为案例,依据《食品安全法》探讨疾控中心在食品安全事故处置中定位问题。疾控中心在食品安全事故应急处置责任是协助食品药品监督管理局做好应急工作,处于从属地位,是配角;参与应急响应工作,开展食品安全事故流行病学调查,提供调查报告。通过疾控信息系统上报突发公共卫生事件应与食品药品监督管理局保持一致。对食物中毒诊断标准及食品安全事故应急预案提出修改意见。