近十年国际高等教育评估研究的现状、热点及趋势

《高等教育评估与评价》(Assessment&Evaluation in Higher Education)作为唯一被SSCI收录的高等教育评估期刊,具有很大的学术影响力。以该期刊近十年来的载文为研究对象,运用CiteSpace文献计量软件分析国际高等教育评估的高影响力作者群体、研究热点、知识基础和前沿领域。研究结果表明:我国高等教育评估研究者的国际影响力逐步扩大;强调学生在评估中的参与度、关注反馈在评估中的地位以及重视教与学微观层面的评估为国际高等教育评估的三大研究热点;学生评教以及评估设计将是未来一段时间国际高等教育评估的前沿领域。     

反馈原理在体育教学训练中的应用

从生理学反馈信息这一理论角度出发,将人为性的建设性反馈在教学训练中加以运用,使整个训练得到科学调控,减少随机性,这样才能使整个教学训练的效果得以提高.     

Training preservice teachers to use evidence-based practices: Effects of coaching with performance feedback on teacher and child outcomes

Three-term contingency trials (TCTs) involve planned/naturally occurring antecedents, child's demonstration of target behaviors, and planned/naturally occurring consequences. Positive relationships between teachers' frequent use of TCTs and children's learning were noted in literature. This study aimed to investigate impact of an intervention package including training and coaching with performance feedback on experienced and novice special education preservice teachers' use of TCTs and relationship between teachers' implementation and child outcomes through two single-case experiments using multiple baseline across participants design. Three special education preservice teachers and three children with disabilities participated in each study. Results indicated intervention package was effective in increasing preservice teachers' use of TCTs. Preservice teachers generalized their use and sustained it during maintenance sessions conducted after intervention ended. Furthermore, as frequency and accuracy of preservice teachers' implementation increased, percentage of children's correct responses in relation to target skills improved. Implications for future practice and research are discussed.     

A review of ontology based query expansion

This paper examines the meaning of context in relation to ontology based query expansion and contains a review of query expansion approaches. The various query expansion approaches include relevance feedback, corpus dependent knowledge models and corpus independent knowledge models. Case studies detailing query expansion using domain-specific and domain-independent ontologies are also included. The penultimate section attempts to synthesise the information obtained from the review and provide success factors in using an ontology for query expansion. Finally the area of further research in applying context from an ontology to query expansion within a newswire domain is described.     

融入与“断连”:老年群体ICT使用的学术话语框架分析

本文通过对国内有关老年群体信息传播技术(ICT)使用的学术话语展开框架分析,阐释了框架的建构及其背后的预设。分析发现,既有研究的话语框架倾向于将老年群体的"断连"(disconnect)行为问题化,强调数字融入的积极影响和断开连接的负面影响,并将问题归因为老年群体对技术的恐惧和新媒体素养的匮乏,呼吁通过文化反哺等社会干预策略让老年群体"跑步"进入数字化。本文提出将"断连"视为一种文化现象加以考察,探寻其中所编织的意义之网,丰富老年群体的信息传播技术使用的面向。此外,置身于无处不在的"连接文化"之中,应当营造一个对老年群体更为友好的基础设施环境与语言环境,在公共生活中提供多种选择的可能。     

“反馈梯表”在小学英语评课活动中的运用

本文从目前小学英语听课、评课活动中存在的问题着手,介绍了“反馈梯表”（TheLadderofFeedback）评课框架,并阐述了在小学英语教研活动中如何运用“反馈梯表”进行评课,以提高教师听课、评课的效率,营造良好的合作教研氛围,促进教师的专业化发展。     

大学英语教师修正性反馈信念与课堂教学行为关系研究

教师教学信念影响其教学行为,也是预测教师教学质量和教学效果的最有效指标。文章运用课堂观察、深度访谈和刺激性回忆法,聚焦于三位英语专业精读课教师的教学信念和课堂行为,通过对所得数据进行定量和定性分析发现：由于个体差异,不同教师所持的教学信念互不相同,他们的课堂教学行为也存在巨大差异;同一教师持有内部相矛盾的信念,但这种个人内部矛盾的信念会随着教学经验的丰富和专业知识不断程序化而减弱;由于教学环境和教师所调用的知识的不同,同一教师的教学信念和教学行为之间虽具有一定的联系,但二者之间具有很大的差异。这就要求广大教师要不断反思自己的教学,积极开展行动研究,注意发展和完善自己的教学信念体系,努力促进专业知识的程序化,以应对复杂多变的课堂教学环境。     

Stabilization of Delayed Networks with Different Nodes

In this paper,the control of complex delayed networks with different nodes is proposed.Firstly,the stabilization of coupled networks with time delay is investigated.By constructing a Lyapunov function,a linear feedback controller design procedure for the networks is converted to the problem of solving a set of linear matrix inequalities.Then the results are extended to networks with both delayed dynamical nodes and delayed couplings.It is shown that the stabilization of complex networks is determined by the dynamics of each uncoupled node,coupling matrix and feedback gain matrix of networks.Two examples are simulated.In the first example,a network with 10 nodes consisting of Lorenz systems and systems proposed by Zhang in 2009 is given.It is found that the network states are divergent without control,and convergent under designed linear feedback controllers.In the second example,a larger network with 100 nodes consisting of delayed Chen systems and delayed Lorenz systems is given.The proposed method is also effective for large scale networks.     

内隐式负反馈对过渡语认知发展的影响研究

反馈在二语教学互动研究中占核心位置,是近些年课堂教学研究的热点之一。但由于反馈的实证性研究匮乏,相关研究的结论不一,一线教师无法从这些研究中获得开展课堂反馈的指导原则。利用课堂日记和录音转写对英语课堂反馈与过渡语认知发展的关系所进行的实验研究发现,负反馈更有助于学生的过渡语认知发展。其中,启发式和元语言反馈的修正性效果最好;重复性反馈、重铸和外显性负反馈的效果并不理想。研究结果表明,教师直接提供的修正性反馈对学生过渡语认知发展的作用不明显。研究还揭示了影响教师选择反馈方式和学生对教师反馈的感知的一些因素。