题目：遗传改造细菌基因组的策略：基因定点突变、基因失活和基因过表达

With the availability of the whole genome sequence of Escherichia coli or Corynebacterium glutamicum, strategies for directed DNA manipulation have developed rapidly. DNA manipulation plays an important role in understanding the function of genes and in constructing novel engineering bacteria according to requirement. DNA manipulation involves modifying the autologous genes and expressing the heterogenous genes. Two alternative approaches, using electroporation linear DNA or recombinant suicide plasmid, allow a wide variety of DNA manipulation. However, the over-expression of the desired gene is generally executed via plasmid-mediation. The current review summarizes the common strategies used for genetically modifying E. coli and C. glutamicum genomes, and discusses the technical problem of multi-layered DNA manipulation. Strategies for gene over-expression via integrating into genome are proposed. This review is intended to be an accessible introduction to DNA manipulation within the bacterial genome for novices and a source of the latest experimental information for experienced investigators.     

Characterization of enhancer trap and gene trap harboring Ac/Ds transposon in transgenic rice

INTRODUCTIONAfterthewholericegenomewassequencedsuccessfully,moreandmoregenescanbepredictedwithdifferentsoftwaresandannotationsystem.However,thefunctionsofpredictedgeneshavetobefurtheridentifiedbybiologicalanalysis.Oneofthemostpowerfulmethodsassigningfunctiontogeneisthroughinsertionmutagenesiswithtrans-posableelementasDNAsequencetag.Ac/Dstrans-posonsystemhasbecomeaverypopulartoolforgenetaggingandfunctionalgenomicsinvariousplantspecies(Altmannetal.,1995;Chinetal.,1999;Enokietal.,1999;Gre…     

不同群体的512例个体耳垂基因调查

本文在调查河北汉族、满族、回族耳垂性状的基础上,计算出三个民族的基因频率,并进行了三个民族之间、三个民族与赫哲族、柯尔克孜族之间耳垂显性基因频率的比较,研究结果提示:我国北方民族群体的耳垂的基因频率由西向东有逐渐降低的趋势。     

Identification of genes differentially expressed in monocyte-derived dendritic cells with 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D_3 using cDNA arrays

INTRODUCTION 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3[1,25(OH)2D3], the biologically active metabolite of vitamin D3, is a secosteroid hormone that not only regulates bone and calcium/phosphate metabolism but also regu-lates a number of other biological activities, in-cluding modulation of the immune response via specific receptors expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC) and activated T cells. Recently, in-creasing evidence showed that the modulatory role of 1,25(OH)2D3 on T cell phenotype and …     

癌基因与癌症的基因治疗前景

基因治疗是指基因导入人体用于治疗人类疾病．本文从基因水平阐述了癌症发病机制,基因治疗的理论和技术背景及基因治疗癌症的前景     

动物转基因技术的研究及应用前景

介绍了基因转移技术在动物生产上的应用,说明基因工程技术已成为动物育种方法发展的方向。通过动物转基因技术的研究,必将在生产实践中产生深远的影响。     

渗透胁迫诱导的植物体内信号及相关基因克隆研究--国家重点基础研究发展规划项目建议依据、背景与思路

重点介绍了国际上在渗透胁迫引发的植物信号及其传递途径、渗透胁迫诱导相关基因克隆及转基因研究方面的最新进展,总结了近年来国内在这一领域内开展的工作及取得的成绩,最后讨论了今后研究的策略,提出了适合我国国情的研究思路和内容,并展望了可能取得创新成果的领域和方向。     

抗HIV-1病毒感染的基因治疗

随着基因治疗在各种遗传病和癌症等病症中的不断探索和应用,基因治疗HW-1感染的机理和手段也正逐步进入临床试验。本文仅就这一研究方面的有关问题作以综述。     

基因研究在体育中的应用进展

文章对竞技体育人才培养过程中选材和训练环节应用基因技术的研究进行了综述,对与选材有关的有氧能力、速度等运动能力相关基因研究及训练过程中训练效果与基因表达、运动员营养、运动损伤的基因治疗、基因兴奋剂等相关基因研究的最新研究动态和现阶段存在的不足进行了总结,对将来的研究趋势进行了展望。结论认为：基因技术应用于体育科研是体育发展新的动力和必然选择,完善研究的整体思路,建立健全运动能力最关键生理决定因子筛选的理论系统是基因技术服务于体育事业的基础。     

Using bio-orthogonally catalyzed lethality strategy to generate mitochondria-targeting anti-tumor metallodrugs in vitro and in vivo

Synthetic lethality was proposed nearly a century ago by geneticists and recently applied to develop precision anti-cancer therapies. To exploit the synthetic lethality concept in the design of chemical anti-cancer agents, we developed a bio-orthogonally catalyzed lethality (BCL) strategy to generate targeting anti-tumor metallodrugs both in vitro and in vivo. Metallodrug Ru-rhein was generated from two non-toxic species Ru-N₃ and rhein-alkyne via exclusive endogenous copper-catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction without the need of an external copper catalyst. The non-toxic species Ru-arene complex Ru-N₃ and rhein-alkyne were designed to perform this strategy, and the mitochondrial targeting product Ru-rhein was generated in high yield (>83%) and showed high anti-tumor efficacy in vitro. This BCL strategy achieved a remarkable tumor suppression effect on the tumor-bearing mice models. It is interesting that the combination of metal-arene complexes with rhein via CuAAC reaction could transform two non-toxic species into a targeting anti-cancer metallodrug both in vitro and in vivo, while the product Ru-rhein was non-toxic towards normal cells. This is the first example that exclusive endogenous copper was used to generate metal-based anti-cancer drugs for cancer treatment. The anti-cancer mechanism of Ru-rhein was studied and autophagy was induced by increased reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial damage. The generality of this BCL strategy was also studied and it could be extended to other metal complexes such as Os-arene and Ir-arene complexes. Compared with the traditional methods for cancer treatment, this work presented a new approach to generating targeting metallodrugs in vivo via the BCL strategy from non-toxic species in metal-based chemotherapy.