一种求解非线性方程组的混沌优化算法

本文针对非线性方程组的求解问题提出一种混合算法,将方程组转换成一个优化问题。利用优化问题的非线性共轭梯度法与混沌优化方法相结合,提出了一种新的混合优化算法。该算法能使非线性共轭梯度法跳出局部最优,最终获得全局最优。算法的收敛性也进行了证明,数值结果表明该算法是有效的。     

A Second Order Training Algorithm for Multilayer Feedforward Neural Networks

ＡＳｅｃｏｎｄＯｒｄｅｒＴｒａｉｎｉｎｇＡｌｇｏｒｉｔｈｍｆｏｒＭｕｌｔｉｌａｙｅｒＦｅｅｄｆｏｒｗａｒｄＮｅｕｒａｌＮｅｔｗｏｒｋｓＴａｎＹｉｎｇ（谭营）ＨｅＺｈｅｎｙａ（何振亚）（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＲａｄｉｏＥｎｇｉｎｅｅｒｉｎｇ，Ｓｏｕ...     

免疫算法与遗传算法的比较

免疫算法与遗传算法二者有不同点，通过仿真实验表明它们之间在功能和应用方面有区别．     

多项式环上一次不定方程的矩阵解法与程序设计

利用多项式环F[x]上的欧几里德算法给出求解多项式环F[x]上的多元一次不定方程通解的矩阵解法，同时利用MATLAB数学软件给出相应的计算机求解多项式环F[x]上一次不定方程的程序，这种方法可以普遍地应用．     

“信息茧房”在西方:似是而非的概念与算法的“破茧”求解

桑斯坦提出的"信息茧房",基于美国两党政治的语境对新技术降低政治信息多元化以及政治信息极化的忧虑,如今却被泛用于所有信息。但是西方学界尚无有力研究证实"信息茧房"的存在。事实上,造成"信息茧房"的单纯信息环境很难在现实中出现。Web2.0技术提供了与志同道合的人讨论问题的机会,也增加了与那些持不同观点的人讨论问题的可能性,很难形成信息茧房和回音室。本文也探讨了算法优化以降低信息茧房风险的可能性。算法技术对多样性的提升主要基于两种路径:第一种路径是使个性化推荐系统的使用者"意识到未知";第二种路径是通过加深"个性化"来有效增强"多样性"。本文分析了信息聚合及其积极意义,以及Web2.0技术条件下"积极的受众(用户)"的可能。文中讨论了一些"除茧""破茧"的可能途径。我们不认同桑斯坦提出的偶然性信息的解决方案,认为真正要解决"信息茧房"之忧的问题,不如回到问题提出的原点,将实验条件下的单纯信息环境还原到人们的真实信息环境中,反省"信息茧房"这个虽有衍生空间和警示价值,却仍似是而非、缺乏科学证据的概念。     

Genetic analysis for brix weight per stool and its component traits in sugarcane （Saccharum officinarum）

Brix weight per stool (BW) of sugarcane is a complex trait, which is the final product of a combination of many components. Diallel cross experiments were conducted during a period of two years for BW and its five component traits, including stalk diameter (SD), stalk length (SL), stalk number (SN), stalk weight (SW), and brix scale (BS) of sugarcane. Phenotypic data of all the six traits were analyzed by mixed linear model and their phenotype variances were portioned into additive (A),dominance (D), additive×environment interaction (AE) and dominance×environment interaction (DE) effects, and the correlations of A, D, AE and DE effects between BW and its components were estimated. Conditional analysis was employed to investigate the contribution of the components traits to the variances of A, D, AE and DE effects of BW. It was observed that the heritabilities of BW were significantly attributed to A, D and DE by 23.9%, 30.9% and 28.5%, respectively. The variance of A effect for BW was significantly affected by SL, SN and BS by 25.3%, 93.7% and 17.4%, respectively. The variances of D and DE effects for BW were also significantly influenced by all the five components by 5.1%～85.5%. These determinants might be helpful in sugarcane breeding and provide valuable information for multiple-trait improvement of BW.     

WOMBAT A tool for mixed model analyses in quantitative genetics by restricted maximum likelihood （REML）

WOMBAT is a software package for quantitative genetic analyses of continuous traits, fitting a linear, mixed model; estimates of covariance components and the resulting genetic parameters are obtained by restricted maximum likelihood. A wide range of models, comprising numerous traits, multiple fixed and random effects, selected genetic covariance structures, random regression models and reduced rank estimation are accommodated. WOMBAT employs up-to-date numerical and computational methods. Together with the use of efficient compilers, this generates fast executable programs, suitable for large scale analyses. Use of WOMBAT is illustrated for a bivariate analysis. The package consists of the executable program, available for LINUX and WINDOWS environments, manual and a set of worked example, and can be downloaded free of charge from http://agbu. une.edu.au/~kmeyer/wombat.html     

Genetic analysis of fruit shape traits at different maturation stages in sponge gourd

The fruit shape is important quantitative trait closely related to the fruit quality. However, the genetic model of fruit shapes has not been proposed. Therefore, in the present study, analysis of genetic effects for fruit shape traits （fruit length and fruit perimeter） in sponge gourd was conducted by employing a developmental genetic model including fruit direct effects and maternal effects. Analysis approaches of unconditional and conditional variances were applied to evaluate the genetic behavior of fruit shape traits at economical and physiological maturation times. The results of variance analysis indicated that fruit length and fruit perimeter were simultaneously affected by fruit direct genetic effects and maternal effects. Fruit direct genetic effects were relatively more important for fruit shape traits at whole developmental period. The gene expression was most active at the economical maturation stage （1-12 d after flowering） for two shape traits, and the activation of gene was mostly due to direct dominance effects at physiological maturation stage （13-60 datter flowering）. The coefficients due to different genetic effects, as well as the phenotypic correlation coefficients, varied significantly between fruit shape traits themselves at various maturation stages. The results showed that it was relatively easy to improve fruit shape traits for industrial purpose by carefully selecting the parents at economical maturation stage instead of that at physiological maturation stage.     

基于Linux环境的实时调度项目的研究

Linux操作系统是一种多任务、多用户和多处理器的现代通用操作系统,实时任务调度是它的一项非常重要的功能;根据Linux对实时任务采用的调度算法,结合现代多线程编程技术,给出一个关于多线程实时调度实验项目的设计.     

损失规避下的指数跟踪问题及其粒子群算法求解

随着指数衍生产品日益受到重视,指数化投资组合常被传统的消极基金管理者或机构所采用,而用有限的资金按指数构成比例进行投资显然是不现实的,所以指数的最优误差追踪就显得更加重要。将追踪误差定义为证券投资组合收益率与所追踪的指数基准收益率之差的均值平方和的平方根,建立了基数约束（即总资产数不超过某个特定整数K）下考虑投资者损失规避决策偏好的跟踪误差最小化模型,并设计了一个粒子群算法求解模型。实际算例表明,所构建的模型和算法是有效的。