以同形类义词为中心探析中日同形词的使用

中日两国同属汉字文化圈,两国语言之间存在大量的同形汉字词.其中,一部分同形词词义既有相同也有不同,使用时最易引起误用.本文拟从词义对同形类义词进行分类,并对同形类义词使用上出现误用的原因从社会历史文化、生活习惯、社会体制等方面进行考察,以期对日语学习者提供一点帮助.     

IT技术文档英文翻译中词汇误用实例分析

随着IT行业的全球一体化发展．很多国内IT企业在与欧美客户的合作中．都需要将IT技术文档翻译成英语供客户使用。本文列举IT技术文档英译过程中容易出现的词汇误用现象．拟对这些现象进行分析．并探究导致这种错误的原因．并基于分析结果提出避免出现词汇使用错误的建议．     

“家教”:一个教学论边缘的实际问题

学校教学向家庭的延伸早已不是家庭作业所能负载,“家教”已是城市中小学生的学习活动、大学生的教学实践活动的重要组成部分,但囿于学科边界壁垒的理论研究却对其置若罔闻。多数情况下,“家教”坦率地追求着它的功利性目标,并不标榜素质教育创新教育的形式,它作为应试教育之源于家庭的强大助力,以经验论的方法有效地演绎着僵化的尖子主义、精英主义,强化着学科教学的“人工窒息机”的功能,顽强地阻抑着教育改革与发展。它亟待走出误区,端正与时代精神一致的价值取向。     

浅析WTO绿色规则的定位及其实质

WTO绿色规则,是指WTO体系下的环保条款,即指在WTO一揽子协议中存在着的因环境保护的目的而对自由贸易所作的限制性条款。对于贸易来说,它是一种合法合理的绿色壁垒,是协调环境与国际贸易之间冲突的需要,为了贸易而保护环境,是建立国际新经济秩序斗争在国际贸易领域中的表现。     

心房肌细胞的特殊颗粒形态和机能的研究

简要综述了心房肌细胞的特殊颗粒形态学特征、分布与其它细胞器的关系，特殊颗粒的组织化学、心房肽类物质的提纯和作用以及运动对心钠素影响等问题，从而对心脏在循环系统中的作用带来某些新的认识，对于心脏功能传统概念将会带来某些修正和补充。     

医学论文中统计学处理常见问题及应对措施

综观医学论文中统计学处理的情况,突出统计资料的现代分类方法,以此为依据重点分析定性和定量资料的统计学处理方法误用情况,从样本量到统计符号的标注,从统计资料的描述到统计结果的解释,全面分析存在的常见问题并给出应对措施.     

School exclusion,substance misuse and use of weapons: an interpretative phenomenological analysis of interviews with children

The study presents data drawn from semi-structured interviews with five young people permanently excluded from schools in North East England. The research aimed to investigate the risk factors that lead to the children using illegal drugs, to determine the drivers and implications for drug misuse and the carrying of knives into school. The research also hoped to elicit from the young people, the solutions that could have prevented their exclusion from school. The interviews were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis to understand how a homogenous sample made sense of their lived experiences. The findings highlight the importance of prompt identification and support for children with learning and subsequent mental health needs as the evidence suggests they lead to perceived negative behaviours by teachers. The research provides further evidence that behaviour sanctions in mainstream schools such as detention and isolation booths do not improve behaviour but make it worse. Original to this research is the finding that children are consuming drugs before school to cope with their inability to access the learning, to aid their concentration and to medicate themselves to reduce the likelihood of being sanctioned by teachers.     

Association between psychosocial stressors with emotional and behavioral problems among children of low-income addicted families living in Brazil

BackgroundChildren exposed to substance use in their families are vulnerable to multiple risk factors in their development and at increased risk for emotional and behavioral problems. The aims of the study were as follows 1) estimate the prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems among children aged 6–11 years old, living with addicted family members in a low-income urban community of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil; 2) evaluate the children’s exposure to family psychosocial stressors and substance use; and 3) investigate the factors related to the increased risk of emotional and behavioral problems and substance use.MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 101 children aged 6–11 years old (M = 9.16 years, SD = 1.61). The instruments used were a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Psychosocial Stress Factors (PSF).ResultsHigh prevalence of problems was found for this sample: the CBCL showed 26.7% of clinical scores for Internalizing Problems, 40.6% for Externalizing Problems, and 40.6% for Total Problems. Exposure to family psychosocial stressors was also high, including severe disease (33%), physical aggression (28.9%), death (27.8%), psychiatric hospitalization (16.7%), suicide attempts (15.5%), and suicide (9.3%). Exposure to these family stressors was associated with an increase of two to four times in the prevalence of internalizing and externalizing problems.ConclusionsChildren exposed to substance abusers have more mental health problems than general population, even when compared to peers living in similar low-income areas. This is a group that should be target of a selective preventive intervention.     

当代物理学发展对科学实在论的推进

当代物理学的发展对科学实在论产生了很大的影响，牛顿的经典力学支持了洛克的“第一性质的质”，爱因斯坦的相对论只承认物体在时空四维坐标系中的绝对标示，但量子力学又否认了粒子时空标示所存在的连续性，并提出粒子的矛盾体结构。随着近代物理科学的发展，当代实在论思想也发生了从中世纪的形而上学实在论向关注关系、整体与认识行为的近代实在论的转向。