试论体育教师个体主观教学观念的转变

在体育教学改革实践中,体育教师教学观念转变存在一些困难,其原因之一是具有基础地位与强势作用的体育教师个体主观教学观念造成的认知与行为实施的盲点.更新体育教师个体主观教学观念,需要体育教师把自己在教学实践过程的言行作为研究对象,提高自我觉察的敏感性,并用语言表达使个体主观的教学观念清晰化,进而对其进行梳理和更新.     

基于自由软件的网上读书和讨论交流系统

本文给出了一种完全基于自由软件的网上读书和讨论交流系统的实现方法,并在大容量、高效能、强力检索、阅读统计等方面提出了解决方法,为文献信息数字化和网上服务提供了较完整的解决方案.     

自由与不自由:论图书馆的资料提供

文章提炼出国外图书馆权利规范中有关图书馆资料提供方面的陈述；回顾了审查制度的缘起、发展和衰亡过程；探讨了图书馆在提供资料时享有的权利以及目前受到的限制；指出了致力于维护知识的自由传播是图书馆人的职责所在。     

Google应用技巧

文章详细分析了网络搜索引擎Google 的功能特征, 讨论了在使用中存在的一些现象和问题。通过具体例证说明: 在进行组合查询时, 要对所有的查询词分别加引号; Google 在对中文繁简字体语义转换时, 有可能出现明显的错误; 搜索到的数据在同一范围内、在以小时为单位内也会出现巨大的变化; 以及在不同范围内, 搜索同一信息时, 随时间的不同, 搜索到的结果会有不同的排序。     

近代图书馆活动中心的形成和转移之分析

对近代图书馆活动中心的形成和转移进行了分析研究,其形成与转移过程为意大利———英国———法国———德国———美国,并对形成与转移的原因作了阐述。     

网上免费资源综述

随着互联网的发展，网上免费资源已经影响到了图书馆的资源组成和未来发展。本对网上免费资源进行了分类，将其分为盈利性和非盈利性两大类，两大类又分别为新闻信息类、娱类和普及类；机构企业信息类和学术类五个小类，并对图书馆最为关心的学术类的网上免费资源作了综述。     

Scale and Translation Invariant Collaborative Filtering Systems

Collaborative filtering systems are prediction algorithms over sparse data sets of user preferences. We modify a wide range of state-of-the-art collaborative filtering systems to make them scale and translation invariant and generally improve their accuracy without increasing their computational cost. Using the EachMovie and the Jester data sets, we show that learning-free constant time scale and translation invariant schemes outperforms other learning-free constant time schemes by at least 3% and perform as well as expensive memory-based schemes (within 4%). Over the Jester data set, we show that a scale and translation invariant Eigentaste algorithm outperforms Eigentaste 2.0 by 20%. These results suggest that scale and translation invariance is a desirable property.     

Leadership Reflections: Resiliency in Library Organizations

Similar to individuals, organizations display characteristics that speak to qualities and abilities. Our guest writer, Lisa Bodenheimer, discusses a trait that is critical for library organizations during this period of constant change and transformation. Resiliency is the ability to rebound and flex as circumstances shift enabling an organization to thrive and adjust during difficult times. This skill is typically developed through experiences, but, as Ms. Bodenheimer outlines, organizations are able to strategize in order to build employee and organizational resilience. Such a proactive approach will enable a library organization to better weather challenging situations and times as difficulties will enviably occur. The following article provides practical suggestions for library organizations that will enable them to be more successful while leading and managing in a changing environment.     

民族志视野中的武陵土家族村落文化研究——以百顺村饮食服饰变迁为个案

土家族是生活在祖国腹地武陵地区的历史悠久的山地少数民族.在现代多元文化互动的背景下,土家族村落文化的变迁主要表现在经济生产方式、社会结构等诸多方面.变迁并不是传统文化的丧失,而是在其中产生出新的文化因子.     

Confidence in prior knowledge,self-efficacy,interest and prior knowledge: Influences on conceptual change

This study explored how confidence in prior knowledge, self-efficacy, interest, and prior knowledge interact in conceptual change learning. One hundred and sixteen college students completed an assessment of confidence in prior knowledge, self-efficacy, interest, prior scientific understanding, and prior misconceptions before reading a refutation text on seasonal change. Students’ misconceptions and scientific understanding of seasonal change was then assessed before and after reading a refutation text, and again at a two week delayed posttest. Three profiles of students emerged based on their confidence in prior knowledge, self-efficacy, interest, prior scientific understanding, and prior misconceptions. The profiles included: (1) Low (low confidence, self-efficacy, interest, and prior scientific understanding and high prior misconceptions), (2) mixed (high confidence, self-efficacy, and interest, but low prior scientific understanding and high prior misconceptions), and (3) high (high confidence, self-efficacy, interest, and prior scientific understanding and low prior misconceptions). Results indicated that the mixed profile appeared to be most productive for conceptual change and that learner characteristics most productive for conceptual change learning may differ from those most productive in other learning situations.