文化权利的春天图书馆事业的春天——近期中国文化政策解读

国家近期颁布的一系列文化政策,凸显了保障公民文化权利的内涵。保障公民的文化权利已成为我国文化政策的基本价值取向。保障公民的文化权利,也应该成为图书馆核心价值的最高定位。建议图书馆界抓住时机,积极行动,迎接新的发展高潮。     

诸葛亮“七擒孟获”传说的文化内涵初探

在云南的许多少数民族地区,盛传着诸多关于汉族历史人物诸葛亮的传说。其中,诸葛亮南征的传说可谓形形色色,诸葛亮"七擒孟获"正是众多南征传说中比较典型和流传较广的传说之一,且具有丰富的文化内涵。文章拟从诸葛亮"七擒孟获"的传说出发,对诸葛亮的"攻心"战略观、人才观以及治理少数民族地区的有关民族政策等进行初步的阐述和探讨,具有很强的现实意义。     

The mediating role of transformational leadership in the relationship between cultural intelligence and employee voice behavior: A case of hotel employees

This study, for the first time, evaluates the mediating effect of transformational leadership in the relationship between cultural intelligence and voice behavior. Data were collected from 316 non-national employees from various hotels in Thailand. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The results show that non-national employees with a higher level of cultural intelligence are more likely to display voice behaviors. Furthermore, this relationship is partially mediated by transformational leadership. This study offers a unique perspective by presenting cultural intelligence as a personal antecedent of voice behavior and by identifying the underlying mediation mechanism that affects this relationship. This investigation has important implications to manage and lead multicultural organizations, especially to promote voice behavior.     

Intercultural attention in trauma treatment: Western trauma treatment negotiated and modified in Sudan

Western therapeutic methods have increasingly been implemented in non-Western contexts as treatment for traumatic stress reactions. There is a growing awareness of the need for such implementations to incorporate cultural specificity, and discussions are needed on the suitability of Western psychological approaches and theories in different parts of the world. The objective of this paper is to explore the intercultural applicability of trauma treatment through a case study in Sudan. We look at how Western methods are applied and potentially modified in Sudan to fit social-cultural realities – and how specific contexts affects treatments. Such data from a non-Western context is invaluable to the discussion of transcultural aspects of mental health care. This paper presents interview data, where counsellors in a trauma centre in Sudan were asked how they are implementing Western methods, and how these treatments are negotiated and potentially modified to fit the context. The interviewed counsellors emphasise the contextual factors influencing the treatment and the need to modify therapeutic methods to the specific cultural setting. Three themes are discussed: stigma towards mental health and sexual assaults; the negotiation of treatment alongside traditional healers; and the modification of treatments to the cultural context. The findings suggest that although Western methods can be useful in non-Western settings, these need to be carefully modified to the context as well as to each individual client. The study offers valuable insights into such modifications.     

英国文化马克思主义与二战后媒介研究的生成

"媒介研究"是英国文化研究发轫以降的一大核心旨趣,其兴起与二战后英国"丰裕社会"的来临、媒介文化的爆炸以及"新左派"诞生的特定历史情境紧密相关。"文化马克思主义"旨在破除教条主义对"经济基础与上层建筑"理论模式的机械阐释,强调从一种隐喻意义上理解二者之间的复杂交互关系,并且在社会历史总过程中将"文化"重构为一种"日常的"生活方式。霍加特、威廉斯以及青年霍尔的早期研究充分展现了"文化马克思主义"在媒介研究领域的理论特性。     

Scent of a history: the “12.3 Incident”: A history in Macao of 50 years ago

Fifty years ago, there were massive anti-colonial movements in Hong Kong and Macao. During the same period, the Cultural Revolution started in mainland China. The writings afterwards painted these movements, and these people, with the colour of the Cultural Revolution. Local is vanished. These movements constituted the starting point of modern Hong Kong and Macao. The aftershocks of these movements are still strong and widespread within the present political environment, the ideology of the public space and the sentiment of the public. It seems necessary to re-examine this history and to restore those people and those events from the distorted impression. Let’s try to read their oral history with sympathy and historical imagination, feeling the scent of a history.     

释墙

关于“墙”的概念,在深入考证了墙的起源、用料、建制规模、作用、称谓之后,应该定义“墙”是“指房屋、园场、古代国家周围的人筑障壁”。同时还指出各种权威工具书释墙的失误     

Mindreading across cultural boundaries

Two studies were conducted to examine the role of culture in mindreading (i.e., the ability to read the mental states of others). We focused on features of the target (cultural ingroup or outgroup), as well as features of the perceiver (cultural competencies, Mono-Cultural or Cross-Cultural) that might affect mindreading accuracy. Study 1 found no difference in the mindreading accuracy of Caucasian Australians (N = 166) when presented with Caucasian Australian ingroup or Korean outgroup targets. However, exploratory moderation analyses showed participants’ mindreading of outgroup targets was more accurate the more open to experiences they were. Mindreading of outgroup targets was also better, the higher participants’ motivational cultural intelligence. Study 2 examined mindreading among Mono-Culturals and Cross-Culturals (N = 223). We found that Mono-Culturals were less accurate when mindreading outgroup than ingroup targets, but this effect was not observed for Cross-Culturals. Furthermore, cultural grounding was positively associated with mindreading accuracy of in/outgroup targets. The studies provide evidence that openness to other cultures and cross-cultural experiences respectively facilitates mindreading accuracy.     

Exploring the other side of cultural boundary-crossing teaching in the polarized Israeli society: Jewish teachers from the majority group who teach at the Arab minority's schools

One of the methods of multicultural societies for advancing a shared society is cross-cultural teaching. Commonly, teachers from the majority group apply to teaching at the majority's schools through the acculturation process. The current study, however, illuminates the understudied situation, in which teachers of the Jewish majority group in Israel teach at the Arab minority's schools. Our findings indicate that these Jewish teachers are mostly motivated by their ideology and moral values, mainly a yearning to bridge between two hostile societies. These teachers' integration into the minority's schools is challenging due to cultural differences, lack of familiarity with Arabic, and difficulties introducing informal pedagogy, that is not common in Arab schools, discipline problems among students, and a challenging national-political discourse.     

Evaluating the effects of cultural immersion on counselor trainees' multicultural development and intercultural competence: A metasynthesis of qualitative evidence

This metasynthesis critically surveyed and evaluated the learning impacts on counselor and psychology trainees’ multicultural development and intercultural competence through participating in cultural immersion (CI), based on published qualitative research evidence. Accordingly, this metasynthesis identified and assessed the characteristics, the methodological strengths and qualities, and the thematic findings of 33 qualitative and mixed-methods CI studies resulting from exhaustive database searches. Using a directed content analysis technique, a six-domain analytical framework was applied to code and analyze the themes reported in these studies. The results point to CI intervention as a multifaceted and versatile instructional apparatus that impacted and contributed to trainees’ multicultural development and intercultural learning multidimensionally, across cognitive, perceptual-attitudinal, affective, and skills-behavioral domains. These learning outcomes include trainees’ increased cultural awareness and knowledge (cognitive), enhanced reflexivity on their worldview, positionality, and attitude (perceptual-attitudinal), heightened emotion and growth in cultural empathy (affective), adaptation and display of new behaviors and relational skills and increased multicultural competence (skills-behavioral). Therefore, CI embodies many favorable characteristics of experientially-based learning as stipulated in the existing multicultural counseling and intercultural training literature. These findings lend nuanced empirical support for the application of CI to facilitate counselor trainees’ multicultural orientation, development, and skills, and offer insights into structural facilitators for enhancing immersion training. However, a lack of structural and methodological consistency and theoretical depth among the existing CI studies were observed as major limitations. Implications and recommendations for advancing future CI and multicultural training practice and research are discussed.