Metacognitive activity in the physics student laboratory: is increased metacognition necessarily better?

In this study natural-in-action metacognitive activity during the student laboratory in university physics is explored, with an aim towards quantifying the amount of metacognition used by the students. The study investigates whether quantifying natural-in-action metacognition is possible and valuable for examining teaching and learning in these contexts. Video recordings of student groups working during three types of introductory physics laboratories were transcribed and then coded using a coding scheme developed from related research on mathematical problem solving. This scheme identifies a group’s general behaviour and metacognitive activity. The study recognizes that reliably identifying metacognition is challenging, and steps are taken to improve reliability. Results suggest that a greater amount of metacognition does not appear to improve students’ success in the laboratory—what appears to matter is whether the metacognition causes students to change behaviour. This study indicates that it is important to consider the outcome of metacognition, not just the amount.

生命的一次性与人生价值——谈人生无价值感的产生、危害与消解

在生命一次性即人生必死的背景下,产生"人生无价值感"的原因复杂多样,最基本的是两种:一是由于错误的认知,即只是关注现实的人跟动物一样终会死亡的命运,而无视现实的人具有一般动物无法比拟的自我意识性、社会性和实践性,看不到人所具有的主体意识和客体意识。二是源于自我和社会评价产生"人生无成就感"的负面心灵体验。人生无价值感是一种处于人生十字路口、十分危险的错误认知和心理体验,极易使人消极、颓废甚至走向自我毁灭。提升个体主体意识及其素质是消解人生无价值感的主要途径。     

劳伦斯的原母神和维纳斯情结

从女性神话批评的角度,论述了劳伦斯对两性关系的赤裸描写是基于他对女性神话中创造力的艺术想象.对女神的创造力和生命源泉的艺术想象不仅决定了劳伦斯对其母亲的关系,而且解释了劳伦斯作品中男女主人公的关系和性爱场面的描写.     

现代飞行器设计中的隐身理念探析

从隐身飞行器实现隐身功能所采用基本原理角度出发,逐步探讨了飞行器隐身的基本实现理念方法,从个性到共性,发现其中的共有规律是我们要实现的目标,也为我们将来这方面的进一步工作提供了方向和依据。从而简化了探索步骤,更快更有效地寻找解决问题的最佳方案。     

ISM-CMAP-Combine (ICMC) for hierarchical knowledge scenario in quality engineering education

Quality assurance in engineering education is a multifaceted problem further augmented by the stakeholders of engineering education. Students, parents and employers are rightfully questioning the quality of the curriculum, the instructional delivery, the learning environment, accessibility to learning technologies and equipment, employability as well as the possibilities of lifelong learning and the improvement of knowledge (Karapetrovic 2002 Karapetrovic, S. 2002. Why and how to develop a meaningful quality assurance system in engineering schools. Int. J. Engg. Educ, 18(3): 285–294. [Web of Science ®] [Google Scholar]). The purpose of the study is, therefore, to identify the parameters that influence the quality of an engineering education system and develop an integrated model of hierarchical structuring and a concept map for pre-identified concept elements through a process of iterative-interactive consensus-driven methodology, as advocated by second-generation system design paradigm for evolving knowledge scenario of concepts related to quality engineering education.     

积极心理学中流畅感理论评介

流畅状态是积极心理学的一个研究领域,Csikszentimihalyi在上世纪70年代中期提出流畅感理论。流畅感是指人们从事具有挑战性与技能要求相平衡的任务或活动时,产生的一种积极的心理体验。在流畅状态中,人们表现出"有明确的活动目标、活动与意识融合、注意力高度集中、自我暂时性消失、时间感扭曲、有高度的控制感、精确的回馈、发自内心参与活动"的特征。本文介绍了流畅感的涵义、特征、影响因素、研究方法及流畅感理论的应用价值。     

全美教育协会教育专业伦理规范的制定及启示

我国历来有重视师德建设的传统,但通过制定规范推进师德建设的做法却一直效果不佳。全美教育协会教育专业伦理规范于1975年定稿以来,已沿用三十五年有余,并为许多国家、地区制定规范时所效仿。本文从制定主体、形成过程、执行制度及规范内容等方面,对比该规范与其他师德规范,展现其所体现出的教育专业自主、专业人员本位、专业自律、专业自由等特点,以期为我国师德规范建设提供一定参考。     

英语人体部位表达的语法转喻

转喻是普遍的语言现象,更是基本的思维方式。根据抽象程度,转喻可分高层转喻和低层转喻,语法转喻为高层命题转喻。通过对英语人体部位表达的行为代过程和感知代体验事件等高层转喻的研究发现,突出身体部位的功能是该类转喻的基本理据;借助转喻思维,身体部位表达由非转喻用法中的原始位置移位到更优势的主语位置。     

论福柯的身体政治美学

18世纪,政治问题和美学问题同时进入西方现代性思想的核心,并构成隐秘的联系。从现代性范畴来分析福柯的身体美学,整个美学史的诞生及发展无不与肉体的话语相关,美学不仅具有解放的力量而且是一种有效的政治领导权模式。从鲍姆加通到康德,美学都隐含着政治因素,关注身体就成为现代性的一个重要原则。福柯的＂身体＂是一种＂政治结构＂,他将身体和身体以外的政治经济学连接起来,身体既是审美的,又是政治的,界限与超越构成了身体与权力亲密无间的张力空间。     

集成运放电路的信号流图分析

一个线性电网络存在着由其线性方程组确定的信号流图。而线性方程组的代数变换与图的变换存在着对应关系,通过图的变换可直接对一个线性电网络求解。根据这一原理,本文论述了信号流图在集成运放电路分析中的应用,并通过两个实例加以说明。