铀矿山放射性污染及治理

本文阐述了我国铀矿山放射性污染的种类、来源及危害,并提出了相应的治理措施,可为我国铀矿山环境污染治理提供借鉴。     

基于多属性决策理论的施工方案比选及应用

施工方案的优选是施工企业编制单位工程或者分项工程施工组织设计的核心,更是施工企业获得效益或者利润最大化的重要途径,因此科学合理地选择施工方案成为施工企业的核心竞争力。本文针对某一具体项目复合地基的三种不同施工方案,依据多属性决策理论中的线性加权法对其进行分析比较,最终得出不同方案最优比选结果并作出相应决策,即采用CFG桩复合地基处理方案为最优施工方案。     

羽毛球运动对颈椎轻度退行性变防治的影响

运用数字式X线摄片机、双能X线骨密度仪（DEXA）、红外热像仪分别测量训练前后的颈椎的生理曲线前凸深度、最大屈伸活动指数、C4—6的BDM及项背区红外热象图的实验结果。通过对实验数据进行记录,并运用SPSS软件对数据进行处理。结果表明,训练前后A、C组的生理曲线前凸深度、最大屈伸活动指数、C4—6的BDM的对比有非常显著性差异（P〈0.01）。项背区红外热象图的变化得出患部炎症的消退和病灶部位的恢复达到65%。实验结论：羽毛球是一项非常适合中老年颈椎轻度退行性变的预防和治疗性锻炼的运动项目。     

高速公路不同软基处理方式间过渡问题的探讨

位于软土地区的高速公路设计时,常采用不同的软基处理方式,若对于各处理方式之间的差异沉降重视不够,这既会影响到地基的稳定性,更会影响到行车的安全与舒适,因此有必要设置软基处理过渡段,以实现差异沉降的逐步过渡。本文依据某高速公路等软基处理设计,分析软基处理过渡段差异沉降,对过渡段的设计及处理措施进行探讨。     

Change trajectories for parent-child interaction sequences during parent-child interaction therapy for child physical abuse

ObjectiveParent-child interaction therapy (PCIT) has been found to reduce future child abuse reports among physically abusive parents. Reductions in observed negative parenting behaviors mediated this benefit. The current study examined session-by-session interaction sequences in order to identify when during treatment these changes occur and how much the trajectory varies from case-to-case.MethodSession-by-session parent-child interaction sequences, using the Dyadic Parent-Child Interaction Coding System-II (DPICS-II) categories, were coded for 22 child welfare involved parent-child dyads undergoing PCIT for child physical abuse. A total 5,436 interactions across PCIT were coded and analyzed using growth curve analysis.ResultsAt pre-treatment baseline, negative and positive parental responses were about equally likely to follow a child positive behavior. This pattern changed rapidly during PCIT, with rapid increases in positive parental responses and decreases in negative parental responses to appropriate child behavior. A quadratic growth pattern accounted for 70% of observed variance and virtually all change occurred during the first three sessions.ConclusionChanges in observed abusive parent-abused child interaction patterns can occur early in PCIT, a parenting intervention that involves direct coaching and practice of skills. These benefits sustained throughout treatment.Practice implicationPrior to receiving behavioral parent training (PCIT), parents who have physically abused their children failed to match their parental response to their children's behavior. This pattern of interaction improved rapidly and substantially during the first three sessions of PCIT. The changes in the patterns of interaction also remained relatively stable for the remainder of treatment while parents continued to practice positive parental responses as well as began practicing effective discipline techniques. This suggests that use of immediate parent feedback through coaching, explicit directions to parents in how to respond to child behavior, and customization of the application of skills to the problems that arise in session are important components to effective parenting programs with physically abusive parents. Targeting these behaviors with PCIT has been found to reduce rates of recidivism, further supporting clinical application of PCIT in these cases.     

Outcomes of psychotherapeutic and psychoeducative group interventions for children exposed to intimate partner violence

Witnessing violence toward a caregiver during childhood is associated with negative impact on children’s health and development, and there is a need for effective interventions for children exposed to intimate partner violence in clinical as well as in community settings. The current effectiveness study investigated symptom reduction after participation in two established group interventions (one community-based psychoeducative intervention; one psychotherapeutic treatment intervention) for children exposed to intimate partner violence and for their non-offending parent. The study included 50 children—24 girls and 26 boys—aged 4–13 years and their mothers. Child and maternal mental health problems and trauma symptoms were assessed pre- and post-treatment. The results indicate that although children showed benefits from both interventions, symptom reduction was larger in the psychotherapeutic intervention, and children with initially high levels of trauma symptoms benefited the most. Despite these improvements, a majority of the children’s mothers still reported child trauma symptoms at clinical levels post-treatment. Both interventions substantially reduced maternal post-traumatic stress. The results indicate a need for routine follow-up of children’s symptoms after interventions.     

Traumatic and stressful events in early childhood: can treatment help those at highest risk?

Objective

This study involves a reanalysis of data from a randomized controlled trial to examine whether child-parent psychotherapy (CPP), an empirically based treatment focusing on the parent-child relationship as the vehicle for child improvement, is efficacious for children who experienced multiple traumatic and stressful life events (TSEs).

Methods

Participants comprised 75 preschool-aged children and their mothers referred to treatment following the child's exposure to domestic violence. Dyads were randomly assigned to CPP or to a comparison group that received monthly case management plus referrals to community services and were assessed at intake, posttest, and 6-month follow-up. Treatment effectiveness was examined by level of child TSE risk exposure (<4 risks versus 4+ TSEs).

Results

For children in the 4+ risk group, those who received CPP showed significantly greater improvements in PTSD and depression symptoms, PTSD diagnosis, number of co-occurring diagnoses, and behavior problems compared to those in the comparison group. CPP children with <4 risks showed greater improvements in symptoms of PTSD than those in the comparison group. Mothers of children with 4+ TSEs in the CPP group showed greater reductions in symptoms of PTSD and depression than those randomized to the comparison condition. Analyses of 6-month follow-up data suggest improvements were maintained for the high risk group.

Conclusions

The data provide evidence that CPP is effective in improving outcomes for children who experienced four or more TSEs and had positive effects for their mothers as well.

Practice implications

Numerous studies show that exposure to childhood trauma and adversity has negative consequences for later physical and mental health, but few interventions have been specifically evaluated to determine their effectiveness for children who experienced multiple TSEs. The findings suggest that including the parent as an integral participant in the child's treatment may be particularly effective in the treatment of young children exposed to multiple risks.     

我国民营企业员工培训存在的问题及对策

随着经济时代的到来,企业员工素质成为我国民营企业在市场上立足的第一资本,对员工培训显得相当重要,但目前我国民营企业员工培训仍然存在培训观念近视,资金不足,经验欠缺以及员工对培训认识不足等问题。结合我国民营企业的特点,提出我国民营企业培训的模式组合：“AA付费制与自助餐制”相结合模式。从培训内容、培训流程、培训模式选择三方面对这一培训模式进行论述。     

一次风机动叶调节装置故障原因分析及处理

一次风机动《调节装置故障严重影响机组安全、经济运行。通过对一次风机动《调节装置故障原因分析,提出处理方法并实施,实施后保证一次风机正常运行。提高一次风机的安全性、可靠性、稳定性和经济性。     

论中试基地发展应处理的几个矛盾

文章分析了目前我国中试基地在运行和发展上存在和面临的几个基本的矛盾，即试验与生产的矛盾、单一功能与多功能的矛盾、单位所有与行业开放的矛盾、开发生产的稳定性与产品市场多变性的矛盾，指出处理好这些矛盾是中试基地运行与健康发展的必要保证