西方噩梦研究的历史与主要理论

精神分析理论诞生以后,梦的分析作为心理治疗的手段一直沿用至今。噩梦作为典型的梦现象,很早就受到西方心理学界的重视,研究成果众多。这些成果为理解噩梦的心理意义、应用梦的分析进行治疗提供了有力证据。回顾西方噩梦研究的历史,对期间提出的主要理论进行梳理,以期为国内的相关研究提供参考。     

Eyes wide shut: the fantasies and disavowals of education policy

ABSTRACT

This paper examines the tensions between education policy’s attachment to notions such as excellence and inclusion and its investments in managerial tropes of competition, continuous quality improvement, standards and accountability that are at odds with and which undermine its attachments. In order to explore these tensions, I draw on the psychoanalytic notion of fantasy, explained through Stanley Kubrick’s final film, Eyes wide shut. My argument is that while the individual and society are both constituted through unavoidable division, antagonism and opacity, these notions are obscured through the operations of fantasy which holds out the promise of wholeness, harmony and redemption. In particular, education serves as a key site in which these fantasmatic ideals are promoted and pursued, a claim I substantiate via an analysis of the UK government’s 2016 White Paper, Educational Excellence Everywhere. Specifically, I read the White Paper in terms of five fantasies of: control; knowledge and reason; inclusion; productivity; and victimhood. My argument is that while fantasy is an inescapable element that inevitably structures what we take to be ‘reality’, education policy might strive to inhabit fantasy differently, thereby finding ways of escaping its current mode of seeing education with eyes wide shut.     

弗洛伊德及其精神分析理论有错吗？

在西方。弗洛伊德的名字可谓家喻户晓，然而批判弗洛伊德已经成了一种时髦。本文将从弗洛伊德的精神分析理论形成背景，主要内容。研究方法等方面展开叙述，综述不同学者对这些主要内容和研究方法的不同乃至截然相反的观点——弗洛伊德并不总是错的!     

简论霍妮对弗洛伊德思想的继承与批判

霍妮是新精神分析学派或精神分析社会文化学派的先驱和代表人物,在精神分析思潮的发展历史中,她既继承了弗洛伊德的无意识动机、对童年期经验的重视等思想及一些精神分析的治疗技术,又系统批判了弗洛伊德的理论学说,在精神分析中引进了社会文化的因素,确定了精神分析社会文化学派(新精神分析)的基本方向。     

《折断的翅膀》与作者的精神世界－纪伯伦“自恋人格”分析

在<折断的翅膀>中,"我"与萨勒玛*克拉玛的人格特征,是作者潜意识中"自恋情结"的产物;"我"与萨勒玛*克拉玛的爱情观,则代表了作者主体人格的分裂,从另一层面上体现了纪伯伦人格结构中的"自恋情结";而在小说中多次出现的"死亡"场景中,纪伯伦潜意识中的"自恋情结"则在变形和升华中进入涅 .     

‘A Long-Legged Fly Upon the Stream’: Poetry,Memory and the Unconscious

Abstract

In this paper I introduce some concepts from psychoanalysis, a poem, a clinical vignette and a personal anecdote. I am asking what light the knowledge of unconscious processes can throw on the memorisation of poems and therefore what use to the individual can be derived from learning poems by heart. A version of the paper was first given at the Poetry, Memory and Performance conference at Homerton College, University of Cambridge, in March 2015.     

Attachment and the child in school. Part I

Abstract

Using the framework of Attachment Theory and related research and the research and experience of the author, a particular pattern of behaviour is described which can be identified in the classroom. This pattern, known as the Anxious Resistant/Ambivalent Attachment Pattern, is described from a teaching and learning perspective and is illustrated with examples from educational practice. Possible opportunities for intervention are discussed aimed at facilitating change in the pupil and enhancing emotional well being and educational opportunity. This article will be followed by another (Part II) describing other patterns of attachment which have been identified, with the aim of extending the teacher's understanding of the meaning of pupil behaviour and increasing the resilience potential in the learning situation.     

关于抑郁症的精神分析解读

近年来抑郁症的发病率呈现逐年升高的趋势,给个人、家庭及社会带来严重危害。目前在其治疗上主要以药物治疗为主心理治疗为辅。然而抑郁症的发病原因除生物因素外心理因素是主要原因。但是对于抑郁症的心理治疗及研究却相对滞后,尤其从精神分析角度对抑郁症背后深层次的无意识原因探讨更为缺乏。本文从精神分析的角度通过梳理与抑郁症相关的主要概念、探讨抑郁症发生及影响其症状表现的三大前提。为抑郁症的理论研究及临床治疗提供一定的参考。     

作为孤独之声的《百合花》

在生态女权主义批评与精神分析视野下解读《百合花》,可以超越国内目前比较流行的观点。《百合花》继承短篇小说的伟大传统,表达的是始于女性权利的诉求,终于对“底层民众”人性的终极关怀．发出来自社会底层的一种“孤独之声”。“被子”“缝衣洞”的描写体现了女性的落寞与家园生态的话语．“茶几”“月亮”等重点突出了女性的孤独,“枪”“野菊花”“百合花”等暗示了女性的悲剧。     

Wittgenstein,Freud, Dreaming and Education: Psychoanalytic explanation as ‘une façon de parler’

Freud saw the dream as occupying a very important position in his theoretical model. If there were to be problems with his theoretical account of the dream then this would impinge upon proposed therapy and, of course, education as the right balance between the instincts and the institution of culture. Wittgenstein, whilst stating that Freud was interesting and important, raised several issues in relation to psychology/psychoanalysis, and to Freud in particular. Why would Wittgenstein have seen Freud as having some important things to say, even though he was sharply critical of Freud's claims to be scientific? The major issues to be considered in this paper are, in Section 1, the scientific status of Freud's work—was it science or was it more like philosophy than science; the analysis of dreams; rationality, and dreams and madness. Section 2 considers Freud and education, including the indignity of Freud's notion of ‘the talking cure.’ Section 3 considers psychoanalytic explanations not as theory but as a manner of speaking: ‘une façon de parler.’