基于系统性文献回顾法的新型研发机构研究与展望

本文以国内经济管理领域 2003年至2019 年的179篇文献为样本,使用系统性文献回顾法(SLR),探索和总结了新型研发机构的研究现状及其知识结构,分析现有研究的缺失并尝试寻找未来的研究趋势。研究发现: 第一,新型研发机构的知识结构由9个部分构成一个2W1H的主题研究框架。第二,从国家、产业和企业层面分别总结了阻碍新型研发机构发展的因素及其提升对策建议。第三,从研究知识模块、研究切入角度和研究趋势拓展3个方面解剖现有知识断层,并对未来的研究提出具体可行的对策建议     

The effectiveness of subsidies revisited: Accounting for wage and employment effects in business R&D

The present paper investigates the effectiveness of public subsidies on business enterprise research in a panel of OECD countries. We contribute to the literature by explicitly distinguishing between the effects of a subsidy on R&D employment and expenditure, thereby accounting for a potential increase in scientists’ wages. We employ instrumental variable regressions to address endogeneity problems of the subsidization. The results indicate that subsidies are effective in generating additional research expenditure. Expenditure for business research increases by roughly 20% more than employment. We take this as evidence that subsidies may raise scientists’ wages given standard production functions.     

R.H.托尼教育改革活动初探

作为20世纪上半叶英国著名的教育改革家,R.H.托尼对当时英国的教育改革做出了巨大的贡献:一方面,通过为工人教育委员会创办研究班和一战后对该协会的领导,他在改善英国工人阶级命运的事业中进行了有益的探索;另一方面,他还扮演了工党和政府教育政策制定人的角色,帮助它们起草了许多意义重大的报告和法案,为全民教育在英国的实现打下了坚实的基础。     

School quality, child wellbeing and parents’ satisfaction

Child wellbeing at school and enjoyment of the learning environment are important economic outcomes, in particular because a growing body of research shows they are strongly linked to later educational attainments and labour market success. However, the standard working assumption in the economics of education is that parents choose schools on the basis of test-score performance, and concerns about child happiness are largely ignored. In this paper, we address this omission and investigate to what extent parents’ and children's views of their school are linked to test-score based performance, and to what extent parents’ judgements of school quality are linked to their child's happiness. To do so, we use information on stated attitudes from the Longitudinal Survey of Young People in England (LSYPE) matched to administrative records on pupil achievements in England. Our results suggest that test-score based measures of school quality tend to dominate parental satisfaction with the learning environment. However, school quality along this dimension is not strongly associated with pupil happiness and wellbeing at school.     

(International) R&D collaboration and SMEs: The effectiveness of targeted public R&D support schemes

This study analyses the impact and effectiveness of targeted public support for R&D investment at the firm level. We test whether the policy design aiming at incentivizing (international) collaboration and R&D in SMEs achieves input as well as output additionality. Our results show that the targeted public subsidies trigger R&D spending, especially so in internationally collaborating SMEs. We further evaluate the different impact of privately financed and publicly induced R&D investment on innovation performance. The results confirm that the publicly induced R&D is productive as it translates into marketable product innovations. While both types of R&D investments trigger significant output effects, the effect of policy-induced R&D investment on sales from market novelties is highest for international collaborators as well as for SMEs.     

《汉书·艺文志》之“小说”与中国小说文体确立

“小说”一词 ,始见于《庄子》,但对小说文体进行界定和总结的首推汉代刘向、刘歆。浓缩刘氏父子校出成果、删《七略》之要的《汉书·艺文志》不仅首次确定了小说文体术语 ,著录了小说作品 ,也说出了小说出自民间 ,具有故事性、虚构性的特征 ,标志着中国小说文体在理论上正式确立并开始步入自我发展的正史时代。那种主张将自《汉书·艺文志》开始的目录学“小说”概念与自唐传奇开始的所谓文学小说概念区别开来 ,将唐传奇以前的小说视为中国小说的前史状态的观点 ,值得商榷。     

Does food insecurity at home affect non-cognitive performance at school? A longitudinal analysis of elementary student classroom behavior

This paper estimates models of the transitional effects of food insecurity experiences on children's non-cognitive performance in school classrooms using a panel of 4710 elementary students enrolled in 1st, 3rd, and 5th grade (1999-2003). In addition to an extensive set of child and household-level characteristics, we use information on U.S. counties to control for potential confounding effects of the local economic and noneconomic environment on children's household transitions between states of food insecurity and food security. The time horizon of our analysis affords insight into factors underlying children's formation of non-cognitive skills and the efficiency of classroom-based educational production in elementary school. Overall, we find significant negative developmental effects for children with food insecurity at home; and that children experiencing an early transition from food insecurity in 1st grade to food security in 3rd grade have even larger impairments that persist through 5th grade.     

CuO/γ-Al2O3上H2催化还原氮氧化物的初步研究

采用γ—Al2O3和CuO／Y—Al2O3作为H2催化还原氮氧化物的催化剂，考察了反应温度、活性组分添加、原料配比以及原料气空速等对NO转化率的影响。结果表明：γ—Al2O3本身对于NO还原有一定的催化活性；Cu的添加可以使γ—Al2O3催化剂的NO还原活性明显提高；在考察的温度范围内，CuO／Y-AlO3催化剂活性随反应温度的升高明显增加，最高可达100％。随着反应原料气H2／NO(mol)的降低，NO转化率下降。     

光荣的荆棘路--对安徒生自传童话的重新解读

安徒生的童话,在普通而极普遍的现象中赋予了思考的深度,因而常读常新.2005年是安徒生诞辰200周年,为了纪念这位家喻户晓的童话大师,文章选取了他的几篇带有自传色彩的童话作品,并结合作家本人的经历进行重新解读,力图对其人其作有更加准确、全面的认识.     

一类具有强奇性的矩阵型偏微分方程的正解的存在性

研究矩阵型强奇异偏微分方程 其中,Ω⊂Rⁿ是有界开集,M（x）是定义在Ω上的实对称矩阵,-p<-1,0 < q < 1,λ>0是参数,f（x）∈L¹（Ω）,f（x）>0 a.e.in Ω。证明,如果存在u₀ ∈H₀¹（Ω）满足∫_Ωf（x）|u₀|^1-pdx <+∞,则对任意的λ>0上述方程都有正H₀¹-解,即慢速解。我们注意到,对于奇异方程,古典解即C²（Ω）∩C（Ω）解不一定是H₀¹（Ω）解。