Development and Large-Scale Validation of an Instrument to Assess Arabic-Speaking Students' Attitudes Toward Science

This study is part of a large-scale project focused on ‘Qatari students' Interest in, and Attitudes toward, Science’ (QIAS). QIAS aimed to gauge Qatari student attitudes toward science in grades 3–12, examine factors that impact these attitudes, and assess the relationship between student attitudes and prevailing modes of science teaching in Qatari schools. This report details the development and validation of the ‘Arabic-Speaking Students' Attitudes toward Science Survey’ (ASSASS), which was specifically developed for the purposes of the QIAS project. The theories of reasoned action and planned behavior (TRAPB) [Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (2005). The influence of attitudes on behavior. In D. Albarracín, B. T. Johnson, & M. P. Zanna (Eds.), The handbook of attitudes (pp. 173–221). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum] guided the instrument development. Development and validation of the ASSASS proceeded in 3 phases. First, a 10-member expert panel examined an initial pool of 74 items, which were revised and consolidated into a 60-item version of the instrument. This version was piloted with 369 Qatari students from the target schools and grade levels. Analyses of pilot data resulted in a refined version of the ASSASS, which was administered to a national probability sample of 3027 participants representing all students enrolled in grades 3–12 in the various types of schools in Qatar. Of the latter, 1978 students completed the Arabic version of the instrument. Analyses supported a robust, 5-factor model for the instrument, which is consistent with the TRAPB framework. The factors were: Attitudes toward science and school science, unfavorable outlook on science, control beliefs about ability in science, behavioral beliefs about the consequences of engaging with science, and intentions to pursue science.     

Rethinking Flexible Learning in a Distributed Learning Environment: A University‐Wide Initiative

This paper is a case study of the impact of ICT on the teaching and learning environment at Murdoch University in Perth, Western Australia, where the convergence of distance and campus‐based education is changing the teaching environment in ways impossible prior to the development of ICT. Specifically, the paper will explore issues which have arisen from the implementation of a new flexible unit model which focuses on student access to rather than delivery of unit materials. The issues identified in a pilot of the new approach include: rethinking how students access learning resources; streamlining print materials provided to students; implementing an online lecture recording and streaming solution; and providing assessment which is equivalent whether taken on‐campus or online. These issues are not unique to Murdoch, but the integrated approach to resolving them offers a financially attractive means to achieve both reform and improved quality.

Reconsidération de la formation flexible dans un environnement de formation décentralisée. Une initiative dans toute l'université Cet exposé représente une étude de cas sur l'impact du ICT de l'environnement d'enseignement et de formation à l'université Murdoch à Perth en Australie de l'Ouest, où la convergence de la formation par correspondance et de la formation sur le campus change l'environnement d'enseignement ce qui était impossible avant le développement du ICT. Specifiquement, l'exposé s'occupe de problèmes qui résultent de l'implémentation d'un nouveau modèle d'enseignement flexible qui se concentre sur l'accès des étudiants plutôt que sur la diffusion de matières d'enseignement. Les problèmes identifiés dans un premier approche comprennent: Reconsidération de l'accès aux ressources de formation pour les étudiants; Rationalisation des matières imprimées prévues pour les étudiants; Réalisation d'une consignation de cours en ligne et présentation de solutions réactualisées; Evaluation équivalente soit considérée sur le campus ou en ligne. Ces problèmes ne sont pas unique à Murdoch mais un essai intégré de les résoudre offre un moyen financier intéressant pour atteindre une réforme et une qualité améliorée.

Überdenken des flexiblen Lernens in einem dezentralisiertem Lernumfeld: Eine universitätsweite Initiative Es handelt sich bei diesem Bericht um eine Fallstudie über den Einfluss von ICT auf die Lehr- und Lernumgebung an der Murdoch Universität in Perth in West Australien, wo das Zusammentreffen von Fernstudium und klassischer Hochschulbildung das Unterrichtsumfeld in einer Weise verändert, wie sie vor der Entwicklung von ICT unmöglich erschien. Es werden insbesondere Fragen untersucht, die durch die Einführung eines neuen, flexiblen Unterrichtsmodells entstehen, welches sich eher auf die studentischen Zugriffsmöglichkeiten auf Unterrichtsmaterialien fokussiert als auf die Versorgung des Studenten mit diesen Materialien. Die Fragen, die in einem neuen Pilotansatz aufkommen, beinhalten folgende Punkte: Überdenken, wie Studenten an Lernressourcen gelangen; Rationalisierung der für die Studenten vorgesehenen Printmaterialien; Einführung einer Aufzeichnung von Online Vorlesungen und laufend aktualisierte Anwendungen; Anwendung von einheitlichen Bewertungsmaßstäben, gleichgültig ob online oder an der Hochschule. Diese Fragen stellen sich nicht nur an der Murdoch Universität, aber der integrierte Ansatz sie zu beantworten, stellt eine finanziell attraktives Mittel dar, sowohl eine Reform als auch eine verbesserte Qualität zu erreichen.     

基于USB的虚拟信号发生器接口电路设计

计算机总线技术的发展决定着虚拟仪器的命运.USB通用串行总线是电脑系统连接外围设备的新一代接口标准.利用PHILIPS公司的PDIUSBD12接口芯片,设计开发了具体实现USB协议和技术的通用USB设备接口.     

Effect of Vitamin B<Subscript>12</Subscript> and Folate on Homocysteine levels in colorectal cancer

Folate and cobalamin (Vitamin B₁₂) are two essential micronutrients involved in one-carbon metabolism, which affects heart disease, neural tube defects and cancer. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, the key enzyme involved in one carbon metabolism produces methyl tetrahydrofolate from methylene tetrahydrofolate, which in turn donates methyl group to homocysteine to generate methionine. There exist two common low function polymorphic variants of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene involving nucleotides 677 C→T and 1298 A→C, which are associated with hyperhomocysteinemia. These polymorphisms are also linked with increased risk for certain cancers such as breast cancer and at the same time providing a protective effect on colorectal cancer. In this case control study, we have evaluated levels of folic acid, vitamin B₁₂ and homocysteine in patients with colorectal cancer. Folate and homocysteine levels did not differ significantly between the two groups; however an increasing trend was noticed with increase in homocysteine levels. Vitamin B₁₂ levels were increased in cases compared to control group.     

s=1／2xxz反铁磁链的Spin—Peierls相变研究

应用玻色化的自洽微扰论方法,给出了ｓ＝１／２ｘｘｚ反铁磁链的Ｓｐｉｎ－Ｐｅｉｅｒｌｓ系统的基态能量和准粒子元激发能谱的解析近似式,了模型基态能量密度与基态准粒子激发能隙随晶格畸变大小的关系受各向异性作用参量的影响。     

乒乓球12区落点训练法的实验研究

在乒乓球教学、训练实践中 ,探索出乒乓球 1 2区落点训练法 ,并进行教学实验。实验结果显示 :乒乓球 1 2区落点训练法在提高学生乒乓球的基本技术、落点的准确性、实战能力等方面明显优于常规教法 ,且该训练方法设计简单、新颖实用     

木薯抗叶片早衰的基因工程育种

以农杆菌介导的转化方法将一个抗叶片早衰的基因成功地导入木薯基因组.将成熟培养 1 5天后的胚状体的子叶切碎,与农杆菌LBA44 0 4共培养 3天,然后转入器官发生培养基 (MS基本培养基附加BAP 1mg/L、IBA 0.5mg/L)附加 3 0mg/LG41 8进行筛选.三个星期后出现抗性的愈伤、芽.将这些抗性芽连同外植体转入茎轴生长培养基促进苗的生长,最后转入生根培养基长成植株.所得抗性株经PCR、Southern分析证实部分植株为转基因株.     

中国中小学英语教师资格认证体系构想

本文在介绍、评价和比较美、英、法、德、日等欧美发达国家和我国周边国家的中小学教师资格认证体系,及英美两国测试和教育评估认证机构设立的英语教师资格认证体系的基础上,提出我国应借鉴国际经验,完善中小学英语教师职前教育和在职培训的内容与模式,并建立一套全国统一且具有各省和直辖市特色的中小学英语教师资格准入和在职资格晋级制度。     

“十二五”期间区域教育科研发展与创新的思考

教育科研在教育改革与发展中起着基础性、导向性、引领性、战略性等作用。区域教育差异、区域教育科研水平差距的现状迫切需要推进区域教育科研发展与创新。“十二五”期间,区域教育科研要以国家中长期教育改革与发展规划纲要为指导,结合区域教育实际情况,不断提升教育科研的水平与质量;加强教育科研管理,创新机制;突出重点,全面推进;加大经费投入,加强教育科研成果的转化,努力形成区域教育科研的特色和优势。