Worn Grooves

Drawing from visual, material and written archival sources, this article critically explores some of the functions, uses and perceived values of recorded sound during the First World War and in its aftermath. An instrument of communication as well as commemoration, the gramophone helped bridge geographical (and, in some cases, cultural) distances between the home front and the rear, providing civilians with the fleeting illusion of presence, proximity, or even sentimental communion with the front. The article analyses (a) the affective and connective, but also propagandist, values of commercial wartime recordings as they circulated between the home and the front, (b) the popular notion of gramophones as regulatory instruments of civilisation, (c) the commemorative exploitations of recorded sound in the interwar period. The article focuses on the British experience, contrasting it with examples drawn from French and German experiences.     

The Formation of Swedish Media Studies, 1960–1980

Around 1960, the politics of the emerging media society in Sweden tended to fixate the formative functions of mass communication. The monopoly of public service broadcast media, press subsidies and new tendencies in film policy were some of the issues around which uncertainty prevailed. New methods to provide reliable data were sought by politicians, since empirical facts were required as arguments for an updated media policy. This article examines the different ways that the field of media studies was introduced in Sweden between 1960 and 1980. We argue that Swedish academic media studies departed from, and emerged within, a rather diffuse borderland between industry, politics and academia. The formation of national media research in Sweden can partly be seen as an effect of politicians and the media industry wanting to be better informed on issues such as media influence, media ownership and the habits and composition of the media audience.     

Nurturing Authority

When considering the role of local journalism in a networked media environment, it is crucial to examine how audiences attribute news with the power to define social knowledge. In particular, television news programs need to appeal to audiences by reinforcing a sense of local journalistic authority to assert the parameters of who and what is worthy of coverage. This article presents the findings from interviews with a range of commercial television news viewers in Sydney, Australia. It positions viewership in the context of people’s wider engagement with news, and in relation to their interpersonal and digital social interactions. The paper argues that local audiences have conflicting attitudes to the role of television news, both contesting and re-inscribing the programs with the power to demarcate social, political, and cultural knowledge. It traces how local audiences challenge the ability of news to convey boundaries within the community through processes of exclusion, connecting the contestations to the lived experiences of the individuals. It identifies that television news programs nurture journalistic authority in terms of their local relevance, and it contributes insights on the significance of local news by engaging with the means by which audiences themselves attach social power to journalism.     

文学翻译中文化因素的把握——杨宪益、戴乃迭所译《儒林外史》点评

文学翻译中对文化因素的把握是一个重要问题。本文从这一角度出发,对清朝吴敬梓所著《儒林外史》和杨宪益、戴乃迭夫妇的英译本进行比较,指出译文在文化因素的把握处理方面有几个值得再加斟酌之处,并予以分析说明,以期在文学翻译中文化因素能得到进一步的重视及更为妥善的处理。     

谈中西文化差异与翻译策略

语言是文化的载体,承载着丰富的文化信息。因此,翻译不仅是语言代码之间的转换,还是一种跨文化的交际活动。译者在进行翻译时要根据中西文化之间的差异选择有效的翻译策略,以实现译文与原文的语用等效。     

意象的传译

意象是文学理论的重要概念之一。在翻译的过程中,语言的转化只是表层,忠实地再现、传递源语中文化意象的异质性才是翻译的实质。在当前国际文化交流日益扩大和多元化的语境中,对源语中文化意象进行传译具有特殊的重要意义。     

黄河流域产业发展现状、问题与对策建议

产业合理有序发展是黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展的基本保障。文章分别从传统产业、战略性新兴产业和未来产业领域入手,系统分析了黄河流域产业发展现状,在此基础上厘清了黄河流域产业发展的关键问题与发展方向。研究发现,黄河流域存在产业结构不合理,传统产业链条短、能耗大,战略性新兴产业培育水平差、匹配度低,以及未来产业整体规划较缺乏等关键问题。为此,黄河流域亟须系统布局优化产业结构,推动传统产业转型升级,以科技创新驱动加快培育战略性新兴产业,以全局视野统筹规划未来产业发展领域,为深入推动黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展、谱写西部大开发新篇章增强新的发展动力和活力。     

滹沱河(岗黄段)湿地生态整治与可持续利用研究

根据岗黄湿地的生态特征及人类影响状况,分析了滹沱河岗黄段湿地湖盆中心敞水区、季节性淹没区、耕作区、水源涵养区四个区域的生态特征,提出了在湿地不同区域选择不同的可持续利用模式。     

清末民政部与近代文物保护事业——兼及主事尚秉和之功迹

光绪三十二年,清政府进行大规模中央官制改革,民政部的设立就是其中的重要内容。民政部是清政府首次设立的专门统筹管理民政事务的机构,其职掌包括全国古迹的保存,具体由营缮司存古科负责。民政部主事尚秉和是存古科掌稿,是相关规章制度的拟定者。在民政部的推动下,清廷先后颁布了城镇乡地方自治章程、民政统计表等,其中都有保存古迹的内容。宣统元年,民政部更是制定了专门的保存古迹推广办法章程,包括调查事项6条和保存事项5条,成为各省保护古迹工作的指导。此时,各地开始执行古迹保护政策,取得了一些成绩,尤其是东南江浙一带。清末民政部制定的保护古迹规章制度在近代文物保护事业中有着重要地位,尤其对民国时期文物保护事业产生了积极影响。     

“公共图书馆精神”的科学解读

“公共图书馆精神”是近代图书馆活动中提炼出来的职业道德基础之一。机械地移植外来的社会文化制度,仅从字面上理解公共图书馆精神,是导致我国公共图书馆活动缺少社会认同的主要原因。需要把公共图书馆活动和相应的社会文化制度放到相关的社会环境中去考察,认识这一社会文化活动的原始运作模式,进而科学地解读“公共图书馆精神”和社会文化制度,为图书馆活动和科学研究提供一个理性的基础。参考文献4。