Social exclusion and inequality in higher education in China: A capability perspective

Following calls for further research in education inequality beyond input and output measures, especially with a qualitative approach, and building on the implications of capability deprivation on equality (0375 and 0380), we extend the findings of 0305, 0310, 0315 and 0320 capability approach to higher education (HE). This article employs social exclusion theory as the analytical framework to examine educational inequalities in China posed by the HE admission system in Post-Mao era. This paper is driven by certain key motivations and makes a significant contribution to the extant literature. Firstly, the paper seeks to outline a usable definition of social exclusion in the context of HE enrolment. Following this, 0305, 0310, 0315 and 0320 capability approach is adopted for the first time as a theoretical construct to examine the situation facing HE in China. Sen's approach facilitates an appraisal of the process of exclusion in HE enrolment. The importance of the capability approach is that it allows one to recognize different needs and choices confronting different social groups by distinguishing between different types of social exclusion in this area. Finally, this information is used to evaluate responses which are available to the existing issues within the current Chinese HE enrolment mechanism i.e. that the mechanism is fundamentally flawed and risks reducing, rather than enhancing, capability by excluding certain groups of students from fair competition in terms of access.     

Schooling,masculinity and class analysis: towards an aesthetic of subjectivities

The retreat from social class within the sociology of education has been accompanied by the intensification of socio-economic and cultural inequalities. This paper seeks to draw upon cultural analyses of social class by addressing a classificatory shift of white English working-class males, who have moved from an ascribed primary socio-economic status to an embodied aesthetic performance. We examine the reconfiguration of social class within state schools and historical and contemporary shifting images of white working-class males within the education literature. We suggest the need to engage with a multi-dimensional explanatory frame in order to understand how working-class young men now inhabit a new cultural condition in the post-colonial urban space of inner-city schools. This shift is best captured by exploring the simultaneous articulations of multiple categories of difference – including class, gender, ethnicity, sexuality and generation – in relation to contemporary representations of social class.     

关于内接单形几个几何不等式及应用

应用几何不等式理论与解析方法,研究欧氏空间En中n维单形的几何不等式问题,建立了关于单形与其内接单形的两个不等式,推广了已有的结果,推广了著名的n维Euler不等式。     

Gender and research publishing in India: Uniformly high inequality?

Women’s access to academic careers has been historically limited by discrimination and cultural constraints. Comprehensive information about gender inequality within disciplines is needed to understand the problem and target remedial action. India is the fifth largest research producer but has a low international index of gender inequality and so is an important case. This study assesses gender inequalities in Indian journal article publishing in 2017 for 186 research fields. It also seeks overall gender differences in interests across academia by comparing the terms used in 27,710 articles with an Indian male or female first author. The data show that there are at least 1.5 male first authors per female first author in each of 26 broad fields and 2.8 male first authors per female first author overall. Compared to the USA, India has a much lower share of female first authors but smaller variations in gender differences between broad fields. Dentistry, Economics and Maths are all more female in India, but Veterinary is much less female than in the USA. There is a tendency for males to research thing-oriented topics and for females to research helping people and some life science topics. More initiatives to promote gender equality in science are needed to address the overall imbalance, but care should be taken to avoid creating the larger between-field gender differences found in the USA.     

关于(h,m)-凸函数乘积的Hadamard-型不等式及应用

建立一些关于（h,m）-凸函数乘积的新Hadamard-型不等式,得到的结果是对通常凸性、第2种意义下的s-凸性、m-凸性、h-凸性意义下的Hadamard-型不等式的推广.     

中国健康绩效的动态演进:公平与效率的权衡

利用中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)数据,计算了我国城乡健康扩展集中系数和健康绩效指数,结果显示:1991 - 2006年,城乡健康水平呈现下降趋势,最穷个体的健康下降程度最大;2000年以后,城乡健康标准集中系数显著为正,表明我国存在亲富人的健康不平等,高收入人群的健康状况更好;在平均健康水平逐渐下降,亲富人的健康不平...     

对外开放、贸易商品结构与中国城乡收入差距——基于省际面板数据的实证分析

本文描述了1995年以来我国各地区贸易开放度、贸易商品结构与城乡收入差距的变化趋势,依据新经济地理理论及扩展的H-O理论提出了贸易商品结构变化影响城乡收入差距的相关假说,并进行了实证检验。研究结果表明:(1)从全国范围以及分地区来看,贸易开放度的扩大和制成品贸易比重的上升均有利于城乡收入差距的缩小;(2)外资的流入促进了制造业的发展和制成品贸易比重的上升,各省份外资依存度的提高对城乡收入差距具有缓和作用,但统计上不显著;(3)当前劳动力的不充分流动、各省份海外市场接近度的差异等仍是制造业空间布局扩散和城乡收入差距缩小的不利因素。因此,在进一步扩大对外开放的基础上,促进劳动力、资本等要素跨区域充分流动,优化各地区的产业结构和贸易商品结构,对缩小城乡收入差距具有积极作用。     

一类四重迭代差分不等式

建立了一类新的差分不等式,利用差分定义、求和技巧、差分方程比较原理,给出了不等式中未知函数的估计,推广了已有的结果。     

HA—凸函数及其Jsensen不等式

针对凸性及其广义凸性问题,提出了HA—凸函数的概念,给出了HA—凸函数的判定定理及其运算性质,建立了HA—凸函数的Jensen型不等式,列举了HA—凸函数的应用实例.     

奇异系统重置观测器的稳定性分析简

研究了奇异系统重置观测器的稳定性问题．通过构造李雅普诺夫函数。结合线性矩阵不等式和S-Procedure方法,给出了奇异系统重置观测器二次稳定和输入输出稳定的充分条件．最后数值算例表明了结论的有效性．