Autonomy and religious education: lessons from a six-year evaluation of an educational reform in an Israeli school network

This study investigated the tension that exists between promoting an educational agenda and practising an educational approach which emphasises autonomy within the framework of religious education. Our main thesis is that every educational deed contains a dialectical tension between endorsing an educational agenda and the promotion of autonomy. Moreover, this tension is not restricted to religious education. The intensity of such a conflict varies in accordance with the flexibility (or inflexibility) of the dogma, the conceptual cohesion of the educational agenda and the perceived importance of granting autonomy to students. The more cohesive and inflexible the educational agenda is, the greater the danger that autonomy will be discarded. The present research examined an educational reform implemented in the National-Religious School Network in Israel, which included the promotion of autonomy among principals, teachers and students. Conducted over a six-year period (2006–2012), the research employed both qualitative and quantitative methodologies and involved various stakeholders in the school network. The multifaceted picture that emerged of the relationship between educational autonomy and religious agenda is presented.     

创业导向与结构社会资本交互影响创业企业绩效的多案例研究

创业导向是创业企业绩效的关键因素,然而学者们关于创业导向与企业绩效关系的研究结论存在争议。通过对6家创业企业进行动态跟踪研究,探讨创业导向在企业成长不同时期对企业绩效的作用机制,并引入网络跨度和网络聚合这两个权变因素,研究结果显示:(1)在企业成长初期,企业绩效越好的企业创业导向水平较高;在企业成长发展期,创业导向对于企业成长而言是必要条件但非充分条件;(2)在企业成长初期,网络聚合与创业导向的交互比网络跨度与创业导向的交互更有利于提高企业绩效水平;在企业成长发展期,网络跨度、网络聚合两者任意一者水平的显著提高都有助于发挥创业导向对企业成长的积极作用;(3)企业成长在创业导向、网络跨度和网络聚合三者水平都高时达到最佳。     

高校图书馆网络信息安全问题及解决方案

本文描述了图书馆目前存在的网络信息安全问题及其严重性，介绍了几种网络安全技术，并从整体上提出了一套高校图书馆网络解决方案；强调图书馆网络信息安全重在管理。     

地区电力长期负荷预测方法研究

负荷预测对电力系统规划和运行极其重要,本文论述了电力负荷预测与分类、负荷预测的基本过程。同时本文采用外推预测技术、单耗法和新兴交叉学科人工免疫预测法对阜新地区电力负荷进行长期的预测,并对实际预测结果进行了分析、比较。得出结论:这三种方法都适合于对地区电力负荷进行长期的预测,取三种方法预测的中间值可以得到相对精确的预测结果。     

CAS视角下企业正式及非正式网络互动适应环境的理论框架

社交新时代的到来使企业内正式及非正式网络互动问题愈发突出。主流理论往往将企业内正式及非正式因素割裂开来讨论;而少数尝试分析组织内正式和非正式网络互动的研究还停留在概念界定不完整、研究关系静态的阶段,难以反映正式和非正式网络互动影响企业的全貌。CAS理论提供了崭新的思路。在系统分析以往理论研究的基础上,基于CAS视角并结合社会网络分析了企业正式及非正式网络互动适应环境的现象、机理、权变情境等问题,构建了企业通过正式和非正式网络互动适应环境相关问题的理论框架,希望从根本上推动主流理论关注组织内正式及非正式因素整合,弥补现有研究存在不完整和静态的不足,并为实践界设计正式和非正式网络适应环境提供指导。     

网络信息交流的伦理反思

网络以其特有的虚拟性和开放性，为人类生活提供诸多方便的同时也带来了一些道德失范现象，因此，时网络信息交流进行伦理反思就显得非常迫切。构建网络伦理应遵循无害、公正、自主和知情原则。     

网络伦理的社会调控机制

网络伦理要发挥引导和规范网络信息活动的作用。需要相应的社会调控机制的支持。本文探讨了网络伦理社会调控机制的建构原则。提出了由运行支点、内在维系力和调控方式与手段所构成网络伦理社会调控机制之体系结构。并对其内容进行了阐述。     

Community Networks: Rules of Behavior and Social Structure

This article investigates the intertwining relationships between the Gemeinschaft and the Gesellschaft dimension of a community network (CN)—that is, of a virtual community whose members' common interest is a locality, in our case the city of Milan, Italy. The article looks through the experience of the last 7 years of life on RCM—the Milan Community Network—to reflect on the role that the sharing of rules of behavior has on the evolution of social structure in a virtual community. It identifies three phases of development—the design phase, the first growth phase, and the most recent phase—and presents the social structure set up to guarantee governance of the CN. The conclusions show that the third phase is not an actual stable state, as the continuous evolution of the societal and technological context requires continuous redesign of the CN itself in order to meet the renewed demands of a new context.     

一种前馈神经网络算法

神经网络由于其非线性处理能力强，性能稳定等特点得到了广泛应用和研究，主要应用于模式识别、信号处理、知识工程、专家系统、优化组合、机器人控制等。神经网络中使用最为广泛的就是前馈神经网络，其网络权值学习算法中影响最大的就是误差反向传播算法(back-propagation简称BP算法)。BP算法存在局部极小点，收敛速度慢等缺点，基于优化理论的Levenberg-Marquardt算法忽略了二阶项，该文讨论当误差不为零或者不为线性函数即二阶项S(W)不能忽略时的Hesse矩阵的近似计算，进而训练网络。     

基于人工神经网络的住宅性能综合评价研究

住宅性能的评价是住宅商品化的基础性工作,是住宅商品化前提。本文在分析住宅性能影响因素的基础上,将人工神经网络应用于住宅性能等级的综合评价中,提供了一条定量、客观评价住宅性能等级的智能化新方法。