联二萘酚双钠盐催化的Henry反应研究

Henry反应是重要的形成碳碳键的反应之一,在有机合成中有着广泛应用.通常的henry反应催化剂为强酸或者强碱,能否找到一种温和的催化剂来催化此反应呢?通过筛选,我们发现在催化剂量的联二萘酚双钠盐(3 mol %)存在下,henry反应能够快速的进行,产率高达100%.此催化剂催化的henry反应不但反应迅速而且条件温和.     

论杨、包译《迦因小传》的创造性叛逆及其相关问题

英国作家哈葛德的爱情小说《迦因小传》在19世纪末年被介绍到中国后,首先经由杨紫麟、包天笑翻译,后由林纾翻译并产生很大影响。杨、包译本一直没有得到应有的重视,但其自有研究的价值。杨紫麟、包天笑由于没有购得小说前半部,仅仅翻译了下半部,而非如先前许多学者所言,为了省略女主人公未婚先孕的情节而仅译了上半部。不过在其译出的下半部小说中,译者为了维护女主人公的道德纯洁性而苦心经营,进行了许多删改,以至于与之后林纾的译本呈现完全迥异的面貌。研究这个译本,有利于我们理解世纪之交的中国知识分子面临西方文化时进行的艰难抉择与曲折的心路历程。     

历史唯物主义视域中市民社会理论的双重内涵及其当代意义

马克思对待市民社会的态度不仅仅是批判的,他对市民社会有两种理解:一是其特定意义,即在政治经济学的语境中分析和批判了市民社会的本质;二是其一般意义,即充分肯定了市民社会和国家的分离是现代国家和现代文明诞生的标志。在1848年革命之后的相关著述特别是《路易.波拿巴的雾月十八日》中,马克思并未放弃对市民社会的一般性理解。通过批判国家过度管制市民社会的历史倒退现象,马克思强调要解放市民社会,实现"社会机体"的合理发展。批判性与建设性的统一才是历史唯物主义视域中市民社会理论的准确内涵。     

《警察与赞美诗》的脚本理论视角解读

脚本理论作为认知语言学的一个重要概念,对人们赏析文学作品提供了一个新的研究视角。该文试图通过脚本理论对欧·亨利的著名短篇小说《警察与赞美诗》进行语篇分析和解读,对作者的写作手法和实现出人意料的结尾加以论述,证实了脚本理论可以帮助读者更好地理解作者的写作意图。     

二战后美国女性生存境遇的自我书写——贝思·亨利创作范式分析

美国当代南方女戏剧家贝思·亨利是第一位获得普利策奖的女性作家。她深受美国南方哥特文化传统影响,同时在其戏剧创作中,读者和观众也很自然地会感受到契诃夫大师以及荒诞派的艺术风格。其一系列成功的戏剧作品表明其创作已经从地域文学走向主流文学,为美国女性戏剧发展作出巨大的贡献。     

Louis IX in Medieval Arabic Sources: The Saint,the King,and the Sicilian Connection

This article examines the portrayal of Louis IX in medieval Arabic historiography to show the importance of cross-cultural Mediterranean interaction. It argues that the image of Louis was influenced by information originating from the Sicilian Hohenstaufen court and reports that Frederick II sent to Egypt. Arab historians connected to the courts of Frederick and Manfred disseminated a “Sicilian narrative” that shaped Louis's portrayal in Arabic historiography. This argument on the importance of cross-cultural transfer in understanding Arabic historiography is buttressed by reports about the King, the Pope, and the Emperor that are traced back to the entourage of prominent Muslims closely linked to Sicily. Moreover, it is argued that Arab authors were aware of Louis's proto-sanctity and pious reputation. This led to the infusion of medieval Arabic historiography with Western ideas about sacrosanctity. Finally, this research assesses how the portrayal of King Louis during his captivity was used in internal Muslim rivalries.     

James DeWitt Andrews: Classifying the Law in the Early 20th Century

This article examines the efforts of New York lawyer James DeWitt Andrews and others to create a new classification system for American law in the early years of the 20th century. Inspired by fragments left by founding father James Wilson, Andrews worked though the American Bar Association and organized independent projects to classify the law. A controversial figure whose motives were often questioned, Andrews engaged the support and at times the antagonism of prominent legal figures such as John H. Wigmore, Roscoe Pound, and William Howard Taft before his plans ended with the founding of the American Law Institute in 1923.     

Cerebral laterality effects in the dual processing of prose

The degree to which the concreteness of prose material presented in an auditory fashion would interact with learners' lateral preference under different right hemispheric presentation conditions was investigated with 96 normal adults. Forty-eight subjects with consistent right preference patterns and a like number of bilateral individuals were either instructed to image, given a visual-spatial interference task, or given no instructions before listening to passages which differed in abstractness. As predicted across conditions, learners recalled a significantly greater number of ideas when the passage was concrete. Importantly, the abstractness was found to interact with subjects' inferred cerebral dominance. Whereas instructions to image and visual interference had little significant effect on mixed dominant subjects, for more consistently lateralized subjects imagery instructions increased and right-hemispheric interference decreased concrete recall. The results were interpreted in terms of visual and verbal encoding concomitant with cerebral lateralization.     

Pictorial organization in prose learning

Ninety undergraduates of high and low prior knowledge of geology read a difficult prose passage concerning the formation of a meander. Two groups of learners were forced to process a map-like organizer either before or after they read the passage, while a control group was provided no pictorial support. The results showed that subjects with little prior knowledge who were provided with the organizer prior to reading recalled at a level similar to that of subjects with a good deal of background knowledge. The findings were interpreted as support for the use of map-like organizers in the primary position to aid comprehension.     

《黛茜·密勒》的叙述视角初探

亨利.詹姆斯的作品越来越受到人们的关注。本文试图以他的著名中篇《黛茜.密勒》为例,分析作者是如何有意选取了小说中的一位特殊人物温特伯恩的角度来讲述整个故事,并由此达到的特殊的悲剧效果。