Leucine amino peptidase a better indicator of carcinoma of liver, biliary tract and pancreas

Serum levels of leucine amino peptidase (LAP) was studied along with bilirubin, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and the ratio of AST/ALT and GGT/AST in 25 healthy subjects and 52 patients with hepatobiliary malignancies of which 12 were with hepatocellular carcinoma, 12 with liver metastasis, 6 with obstructive jaundice, 9 with carcinoma of gall bladder, 6 with carcinoma of pancreas and 7 with periampullary carcinoma. 24 Of the 52 patients studied had jaundice and 28 were without jaundice. LAP as compared to the other enzymes AST, ALT, GGT, ALP and AST/ALT ratio and GGT/AST ratio showed 100% elevation in obstructive jaundice, carcinoma of gall bladder and pancreas and periampullary carcinoma, 91.7% elevation in hepatocellular carcinoma and 83.3% elevation in liver metastasis. On comparing the levels of these enzymes in non jaundiced and jaundiced groups, LAP was elevated in both jaundiced and non jaundiced groups in 95.8% and 92.9% cases respectively whereas the other enzymes AST showed increase from 67.9% to 100%, ALT from 21.4% to 83.3%, GGT from 71.4% to 95.4% and ALP from 82.1% to 100% in non jaundiced and jaundiced groups respectively indicating that LAP rises in hepatic dysfunction due to hepatobiliary malignancy whereas the other liver function enzymes showed increased hepatic dysfunction due to hepatobiliary malignancy with the onset of jaundice thereby indicating that LAP is a better indicator of hepatobiliary malignancy as compared to other enzymes. The quantitative methods used for determination are reliable, accurate, simple, rapid and cost effective and therefore have better application in a clinical setting.     

Some oxidative stress related parameters in patients with head and neck carcinoma

Forty cases of head and neck cancer were studied for plasma superoxide dismutase, malondialdehyde and thiol levels and results were compared with a group of forty normal healthy volunteers. Mean plasma superoxide dismutase activity was not found to be altered while malondialdehyde concentration was significantly higher when compared with the control group. On the other hand, mean thiol level was significantly lowered. The data suggests increased level of oxidative stress in patients with head and neck cancer.     

介入治疗中晚期宫颈癌的临床观察及护理

目的探讨中晚期宫颈癌患者进行超选择性动脉输注化疗栓塞术（即介入治疗）后临床疗效的观察及护理对策。方法选择已确诊为宫颈癌,临床分期Ⅱb以上患者37例,进行介入治疗1-3次后,观察临床症状、肿瘤大小、毒副反应及并发症。结果经介入治疗后临床症状完全缓解17例、明显缓解7例、中度缓解4例,总缓解率为91.9%（34/37）;肿块消退情况：CR8例、PR24例、SD5例,总有效率为86.5%。28例经介入治疗后获得降期手术切除占75.7%（28/37）,主要毒副反应有疼痛、恶心、呕吐、发热等。结论介入治疗对中晚期患者有良好的近期疗效,是一种增加手术机会、提高疗效、减轻毒副反应、提高生存质量的有效方法。     

针灸治疗大肠癌术后30例疗效观察

[目的]观察针灸在大肠癌术后临床应用的疗效.[方法]将60例患者随机分为治疗组和对照组各30例,对照组采用西药口服治疗,治疗组采用针灸治疗.观察两组治疗后的效果,结果治疗组总有效率达96.67%,显效率为90%;而对照组有效率为40%,治疗组效果明显高于对照组.[结论]针灸在大肠癌术后具有很好的调节肠道功能的作用.     

NF-κB在肝癌介入治疗后癌旁肝细胞中的表达

目的：探讨NF-кB在肝癌介入治疗后肿瘤组织和癌旁肝细胞中的表达及其变化特点。方法：建立VX2肝癌模型兔59只,分为A组（肝癌组）29只,B组（肝癌经导管肝动脉栓塞介入组）30只、C组（对照组）20只,免疫组化检测各组肝癌及癌旁肝组织中的NF-кB表达。结果：A组肝癌组织与癌旁肝组织NF-κB阳性表达率分别为72.4%（21/29）、37.9%（11/29）,肝癌介入治疗后肝癌组织和癌旁组织NF-κB阳性表达率82.4%（24/30）、60%（18/30）,C组NF-κB阳性表达率为10%（2/20）,各组与对照比较,除A组癌旁肝组织外差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,其余两两比较差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。结论：治疗前癌旁组织,其内NF-кB的表达水平尚处于较低水平,介入治疗后的癌旁肝组织的脂肪变性及炎性反应等因素可能会导致NF-κB的表达增加。     

血清CA-19-9测定对胰腺癌的诊断价值

目的：寻求胰腺癌的诊断方法，方法：用免疫放射分析法（IRMA）检测血清CA－19－9含量，106例血清CA－19－9含量3700u/L，进行追踪随访，结果：106例中，胰腺癌66例，结肠癌15例，胆管癌13例，肺癌9例，结论：检测血清CA－19－9含量，有利于胰腺癌的诊断和与结肠癌，胆管癌，肺癌等恶性肿瘤的鉴别。     

绿茶多酚类化合物抗肿瘤作用研究

对荷瘤小鼠喂服一定剂量(每千克体重喂40mg、80mg和120mg)的绿茶多酚后,测定其对移植性肿瘤细胞的抑制作用,结果显示:对EAC重量的抑制率分别为65.3％、51.0％和48.7％;对S180的抑制率为66.3％、68.5％和59.8％;对EAC细胞增殖数抑制率为81.4％、77.0％和50.5％.同时测得三个试验组EAC鼠的胸腺细胞增加率为248.2％、69.6％和44.6％;脾细胞增殖率为13.5％、61.5％和22.9％;对S180鼠的胸腺细胞增加率为200.7％、73.9％和138.0％;脾细胞增加率为34.4％、31.1％和20.0％.实验结果表明:茶多酚抗肿瘤作用可能是通过增强机体免疫力来抑制体内肿瘤细胞的生长.     

中医药近10年对鼻咽癌放疗减毒增敏研究概述

中医药对鼻咽癌放疗所致咽痛、口干、味觉改变、鼻出血、面颈部放射野皮肤色素沉着潮红等副反应具有减毒作用,并提高抑瘤率和生存率,降低死亡率,有较好的增敏作用。