人乳头状瘤病毒感染与年轻女性宫颈鳞癌的相关性研究

目的: 探讨人乳头状瘤病毒(HPV)感染及其特定类型与宫颈上皮内肿瘤形成(CIN)和宫颈鳞癌之间的关系.方法: 应用原位杂交方法对我院收治的73例CIN和宫颈鳞癌妇女的宫颈活检组织进行HPV分型检测.其中包括CINⅠ8例,CINⅡ13例,CINⅢ31例,浸润性鳞癌21例.以HPV6/11、16/18、31/33/35三组特异性DNA探针检测在各组宫颈病变中HPV的感染率.结果:1.HPV 6/11只见于CINⅠ和CINⅡ,而HPV16/18是感染CIN Ⅲ和浸润癌中主要类型.2.HPV DNA原位杂交可见点状杂交信号的病例百分数随着病变的进展而显著提高(P<0.01).结论:HPV16/18与CIN Ⅲ和浸润癌发生有关;HPV DNA原位杂交阳性信号的形态提示HPV DNA与宿主细胞整合是致癌的重要途径.     

Effect of vitamin E on protein bound carbhohydrate complexes in radiation treated oral squamous cell carcinoma patients

Serum glycoproteins were evaluated in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients treated with radiotherapy and also the effect of vitamin E was studied. Cell surface glycoconjugates are important parameters in the detection of malignancy. Thus, the objective of the present study is to evaluate the efficacy of vitamin E on glycoproteins in oral cavity cancer patients treated with radiotherapy. The study includes 26 age and sex matched normal healthy individuals and 26 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity. These patients were divided into two groups, one for radiotherapy alone (at a dosage of 6000 cGy in five fractions per week for a period of six weeks) and the other for radiotherapy plus vitamin E supplementation (at a dosage of 400 IU / day of vitamin E) for the entire period of radiotherapy. Levels of hexose, hexosamine, fucose and sialic acid were increased in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients and a significant decrease was observed in radiation treated patients when compared to control. The levels of glycoconjugates were significantly decreased in radiation treated patients supplemented with vitamin E. This measurement may be useful in assessing disease progression and identifying patients resistant to therapy and a possible role of vitamin E on reduction in glycoconjugate levels of radiation treated oral squamous cell carcinoma patients.     

早期大肠癌的结肠镜下高频电凝电切治疗

利用电子结肠镜检查发现早期大肠癌,行内镜下微创高频电凝电切或粘膜切除术,或外科根治术,切下标本全瘤送病理检查。术后定期随访,比较两组的疗效,探讨电子结肠镜下高频电凝电切治疗早期大肠癌的价值。结果表明,结肠镜下高频电凝电切及粘膜切除术治疗早期大肠癌疗效确切,与外科手术相比,既具有简便、损伤小、费用低、安全、微创等优点,又能达到与外科手术切除同样的效果。     

Gene expression and apoptosis response in hepatocellular carcinoma cells induced by biocompatible polymer/magnetic nanoparticles containing 5-fluorouracil

BackgroundSuper-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) contain a chemotherapeutic drug and are regarded as a promising technique for improving targeted delivery into cancer cells.ResultsIn this study, the fabrication of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) was investigated with loaded Dextran (DEX-SPION) using the co-precipitation technique and conjugated by folate (FA). These nanoparticles (NPs) were employed as carriers and anticancer compounds against liver cancer cells in vitro. Structural, magnetic, morphological characterization, size, and drug loading activities of the obtained FA-DEX-5-FU-SPION NPs were checked using FTIR, VSM, FESEM, TEM, DLS, and zeta potential techniques. The cellular toxicity effect of FA-DEX-5-FU-SPION NPs was evaluated using the MTT test on liver cancer (SNU-423) and healthy cells (LO2). Furthermore, the apoptosis measurement and the expression levels of NF-1, Her-2/neu, c-Raf-1, and Wnt-1 genes were evaluated post-treatment using flow cytometry and RT-PCR, respectively. The obtained NPs were spherical with a suitable dispersity without noticeable aggregation. The size of the NPs, polydispersity, and zeta were 74 ± 13 nm, 0.080 and −45 mV, respectively. The results of the encapsulation efficiency of the nano-compound showed highly colloidal stability and proper drug maintenance. The results indicated that FA-DEX-5-FU-SPION demonstrated a sustained release profile of 5-FU in both phosphate and citrate buffer solutions separately, with higher cytotoxicity against SNU-423 cells than against other cells types. These findings suggest that FA-DEX-SPION NPs exert synergistic effects for targeting intracellular delivery of 5-FU, apoptosis induction, and gene expression stimulation.ConclusionsThe findings proved that FA-DEX-5-FU-SPION presented remarkable antitumor properties; no adverse subsequences were revealed against normal cells.How to cite: Mahdia SA, Kadhimb AA, Albukhaty S, et al. Gene expression and apoptosis response in hepatocellular carcinoma cells induced by biocompatible polymer/magnetic nanoparticles containing 5-fluorouracil. Electron J Biotechnol 2021;52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejbt.2021.04.001     

乳癌细胞核DNA含量与预后

本文应用流式细胞术(Flow Cytometry,FCM)检测了102例石蜡包埋的乳癌组织的细胞核DNA含量,并探讨了DNA指数(DNA Index.DI)和S期细胞比例(S-phase Fraction,SPF)与临床预后因素及病人术后生存状况的关系。结果显示:16例为DNA二倍体,8例近二倍体,78例(77％)非整倍体。非整倍体癌较二倍体/近二倍体癌的SPF高。DI值与组织学分级、淋巴结状况、原发肿瘤大小和临床分期密切相关,而与病人诊断时的年龄无关。淋巴结转移阳性组较阴性组、晚期肿瘤(Ⅲ、Ⅳ期)比早期肿瘤(Ⅰ、Ⅱ期)的DI值高(P<0.05),而非整倍体率仅有降低的趋势但无显著性差异,说明DI值作为一个预后参数比倍性分析统计效率高。SPF与病人的各预后因素及生存情况无明显关系。二倍体/近二倍体癌病人较非整倍体癌病人的生存率高、无瘤生存时间长,说明流式细胞术DNA含量测定确实可为乳癌病人的预后提供有价值的信息。     

尿路移行细胞癌雌孕激素受体的免疫组化研究

为探讨雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)在尿路移行细胞癌中的表达及生物学意义,对64例尿路移行细胞癌石蜡标本进行了免疫组化(SABC法)检测。结果是示:ER、PR阳性率分别为53.1％和50.0％;其中在高分化癌中ER、PR表达高于低分化癌;分级间比较有显著性差异(P<0.05);ER、PR阳性率随肿瘤分期升高而下降,但分期间比较无显著性差异(P>0.05);另外单发肿瘤、多发肿瘤及复发肿瘤之间,男女两性肿瘤之间及尿路各部位之间,ER、PR阳性表达率亦无显著性差异。结论:尿路移行细胞癌ER、PR有较高的表达率.且和分级正相关,提示ER、PR表达可能对尿路移行细胞癌有某种直接或间接的影响,并可作为肿瘤愈后判断指标之一。     

麻黄果实总黄酮含量的光学分析

近年来我们对麻黄果实进行了较为全面的研究,结果表明该果实具有抗凝血、降血压等作用。为此我们采用以芦丁为标准,用分光光度法对其总黄酮类物质含量进行了测定。     

磁共振弥散加权成像对索拉菲尼治疗肝细胞癌的疗效评估(英文)

研究目的:应用磁共振弥散加权成像(DWI)监测荷瘤裸鼠肝细胞性肝癌表观弥散系数(ADC)的变化,探讨ADC对索拉菲尼治疗肝细胞性肝癌的疗效预测。创新要点:探讨磁共振DWI对索拉菲尼治疗肝癌疗效的早期评估,期望能够指导临床合理用药。研究方法:荷瘤裸鼠分成两组(治疗组和对照组)共40只,使用GE 3.0T磁共振成像系统和小动物线圈,分别于服药前后1、10、14和18天(40 mg/kg,一天两次)进行T1加权成像(T1WI)、T2加权成像(T2WI)和DWI扫描。在弥散加权图像上进行ADC测量,对比不同区域和不同时间点的差异。重要结论:索拉菲尼治疗10天后,伴随肝癌肿瘤的缩小,肿瘤内部ADC值明显上升,病理切片显示治疗组瘤体中心小血管闭塞,凋亡细胞可见,此时瘤体内坏死细胞并未大量显现,说明ADC值的改变可以反映索拉菲尼的疗效。     

Anticancer Effect of dl-Glyceraldehyde and 2-Deoxyglucose in Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma Bearing Mice and Their Effect on Liver,Kidney and Haematological Parameters

Cancer cells generally exhibit increased glycolysis for ATP generation (the Warburg effect). Compounds that inhibit glycolysis have potential applications in cancer treatment. dl-glyceraldehyde (DLG) and 2-Deoxyglucose (2-DG) have been proven effective in the inhibition of glucose metabolism. Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells were injected intraperitoneally (i.p) in 10–12 weeks old Swiss albino mice, weighing between 20 and 30 g. The anticancer activity of DLG and 2-DG were determined by tumor volume, tumor weight, viable and nonviable tumor cell count, average survival time, percentage increase in life span and tumor inhibition ratio. The blood samples were obtained for biochemical analysis after 9 days of treatment to study the effect on liver, kidney and haematological parameters. Histopathological examination of liver and kidney was also performed. One-way ANOVA test and Dunnett’s test were used for comparisons of parameters in study groups. Both DLG and 2-DG individually decreased the tumor weight, tumor volume, viable tumor cell count and significantly increased the life span of treated mice, however the combination was found to be better. The biochemical parameters of liver and kidney functions and haematological parameters were restored close to control group as compared with the EAC bearing mice. Histopathological examination of liver and kidney in EAC control group showed large areas of necrosis, congestion and mononuclear cell infiltration but such changes were not observed in liver and kidney sections observed after i.p injection of DLG and 2-DG for 9 days. Improvement was much better in the group where combination of these two drugs were used.