高中生生活压力、应对方式对其心理健康的影响

文章探讨了高中生生活压力与应对方式对其心理健康的影响。采用高中生生活压力问卷、高中生应对方式问卷和中学生心理健康量表对807名高中生进行了调查,运用典型相关和逐步多元回归分析的方法处理。结果发现,高中生生活压力、应对方式与心理健康之间有显著的典型相关;高中生生活压力与应对方式对其心理健康水平具有联合预测的功能;其中,主观生活压力中的同伴关系压力和应对方式中的内部消极评价具有最大的预测力;生活压力与应对方式中有11个变量能共同解释高中生整体心理健康水平63.9%的变异量。     

广东省中学体育教师职业压力源调查研究

研究教师职业压力,不仅有助于深入了解教师面临的职业压力状况,而且有助于采取积极有效的措施减轻教师心理压力、维护教师身心健康。研究抽取广东省319名中学体育教师进行了调查,结果表明：58%的被调查者认为中学体育教师是一种压力＂较大＂或＂很大＂的职业,中学体育教师的主要压力来源体现在：工作负荷、自我发展需要、学生因素和职业期望等4个方面,教师在性别、职称、年龄、任教年级和所在地区上的压力存在显著差异。     

安徽师范大学研究生心理压力的调查研究

通过对安徽师范大学83名在校研究生的问卷调查,得出师范院校研究生心理压力的主要来源,不同层次群体心理压力的基本特点,并分析产生这些压力的原因,为缓解研究生的心理压力,提高他们的心理健康水平提供理论依据。     

生物质炭对铝胁迫下常绿杨生理特征的影响

在不同用量生物质炭的处理下,测定铝胁迫状态下的常绿杨的二氧化碳(CO2)响应曲线、光响应曲线、荧光参数和碳酸酐酶活性,研究生物质炭的输入对铝毒害的改良效果。结果表明:生物质炭的输入使得常绿杨的净光合速率(Pn)对CO2浓度和光强的响应均有明显的提高;实际量子产量(ΦPSⅡ)和表观电子传递速率(ETR)也明显改善;最大量子产量(Fv/Fm)和光化学淬灭系数(qP)变化不大;碳酸酐酶活性也有较大幅度的提高;本实验条件下,生物质炭的用量为3%时,效果最为明显。     

疲劳应激大鼠杏仁皮质内侧核群一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元的变化

为了探讨杏仁皮质内侧核群一氧化氮合酶(NOS)与运动疲劳应激的关系,观察了运动疲劳应激对大鼠杏仁皮质内侧核群NOS阳性神经元中神经元型一氧化氮合酶(nNOS)表达的影响.结果发现:疲劳组大鼠杏仁皮质前核(Aco)、杏仁内侧核(Me)和杏仁中央核(Ce)中nNOS阳性神经元数量和面积均小于对照组(P<0.05,P<0.01) ,其中疲劳组杏仁中央核(Ce)中 nNOS阳性神经元的灰度值也明显小于对照组(P<0.01).表明:疲劳应激可使大鼠杏仁皮质内侧核群神经元中的nNOS下调,杏仁皮质内侧核群nNOS神经元参与了中枢运动性疲劳的形成,其机理可能与杏仁皮质内侧核群神经元对应激反应的心理、行为、内分泌调节有关.     

Proteomic analysis of seed germination under salt stress in soybeans

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is a salt-sensitive crop, and its production is severely affected by saline soils. Therefore, the response of soybean seeds to salt stress during germination was investigated at both physiological and proteomic levels. The salt-tolerant cultivar Lee68 and salt-sensitive cultivar N2899 were exposed to 100 mmol/L NaCl until radicle protrusion from the seed coat. In both cultivars, the final germination percentage was not affected by salt, but the mean germination times of Lee68 and N2899 were delayed by 0.3 and 1.0 d, respectively, compared with controls. In response to salt stress, the abscisic acid content increased, and gibberellic acid (GA₁₊₃) and isopentenyladenosine decreased. Indole-3-acetic acid increased in Lee68, but remained unchanged in N2899. The proteins extracted from germinated seeds were separated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE), followed by Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 staining. About 350 protein spots from 2-DE gels of pH range 3 to 10 and 650 spots from gels of pH range 4 to 7 were reproducibly resolved, of which 18 protein spots showed changes in abundance as a result of salt stress in both cultivars. After matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight-mass spectroscopy (MALDI-TOF-MS) analysis of the differentially expressed proteins, the peptide mass fingerprint was searched against the soybean UniGene database and nine proteins were successfully identified. Ferritin and 20S proteasome subunit β-6 were up-regulated in both cultivars. Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione S-transferase (GST) 9, GST 10, and seed maturation protein PM36 were down-regulated in Lee68 by salt, but still remained at a certain level. However, these proteins were present in lower levels in control N2899 and were up-regulated under salt stress. The results indicate that these proteins might have important roles in defense mechanisms against salt stress during soybean seed germination.     

体育运动中应激-攻击行为的认知机制

采用文献资料法,提出体育运动中应激—攻击行为的认知模式。探讨体育运动中应激与攻击行为之间的关系及其产生机制,为运动中攻击行为的解释和调控提供理论依据。     

Cruelty in Maternity Wards: Fifty Years Later

Fifty years have passed since a scandal broke over inhumane treatment of laboring women in U.S. hospitals, yet first-person and eyewitness reports document that medical care providers continue to subject childbearing women to verbal and physical abuse and even to what would constitute sexual assault in any other context. Women frequently are denied their right to make informed decisions about care and may be punished for attempting to assert their right to refusal. Mistreatment is not uncommon and persists because of factors inherent to hospital social culture. Concerted action on the part of all stakeholders will be required to bring about systemic reform.     

重金属水污染对植物生长影响的方式及研究方法

我国重金属水污染日趋严重,已明显危害到水生态和人类健康,有关重金属水污染对植物毒害机理的研究越来越多.本文结合笔者的研究工作,介绍了重金属与重金属水污染的概念,总结了近年来有关重金属水污染对植物毒害影响的研究内容及相应研究方法,归纳了重金属水污染对植物毒害的一般规律与可能机理.