从数学本质解读数学课程改革

对数学的本质的理解和认识,直接影响和制约着数学课程与教学的进展.一方面,数学以严密的演绎思维、逻辑推理为手段的研究方式充分发挥了人的心智的功能;另一方面,由数学的经验性和实践性衍生出来的数学具有广泛应用性.数学课程改革需要从数学的本质特征出发,在经验与理性、形式与实质、人与社会之间寻求动态平衡.     

高等数学中的问题教学与思维能力培养途径分析

在高等数学课程教学中,培养学生的数学思维能力至关重要,这也是课程教学所要实现的关键目标。文章分析了数学思维的内涵以及重要性,分析高等数学教学中的问题教学的积极作用,并探究在高等数学教学中采用问题教学培养学生思维能力的有效途径和对策。     

数学教育与科学人文精神的培养

从数学的特点、我国广大民众的科学人文精神素质情况、社会进步需要看,科学人文精神应是数学教育的最重要内涵之一。数学教育培养科学人文精神,应将数学教育置于社会的文化背景之中来考虑。数学教师要有数学文化的观念,需要注意到学生所具有的观念及其对数学教学活动的影响。     

关于新课程中重视数学阅读的思考

随着国家课程标准的颁布,中学数学教育教学改革进入了一个新的阶段.新课程对学生的数学学习提出了新的更高的要求,数学阅读成了数学教学的延伸,成了中学生数学学习中不可或缺的部分.本文从数学阅读的特性、方法和策略等方面作为切入点,提出了加强数学阅读的心理机制、运用数学阅读学习方式以及采取数学阅读的有效策略的观点,引发了个人的一些思考.     

The role that mathematics plays in college- and career-readiness: evidence from PISA

Many studies have found a strong relationship between the mathematics students study in school and their performance on an academic or school mathematics assessment but not on an assessment of mathematics literacy (ML). With many countries, like the USA, placing emphasis on finishing secondary education being mathematically literate and prepared for college or career, this raises the question about the relationship between the mathematics studied in school and any ML students may have. The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) ML assessment is embedded in real-world contexts that provide an important window on how ready students are to tackle the situations and problems that await them whether they intend to pursue further education beyond high school or intend to go directly into the labour force. In this paper, we draw upon the PISA 2012 data to investigate the extent to which the cumulative exposure to rigorous mathematics content, such as that embedded in college- and career-ready standards, is associated with ML as assessed in PISA. Results reveal that both exposure to rigorous school mathematics and experiencing the instruction of this mathematics through real-world applications are significantly related to all the real-world contextualized PISA ML scores.     

天台山八种植被下土壤肥力因素的比较分析

本文研究了天台山八种植被下土壤中的肥力因素:有机质、全氮、全磷、全钾及PH值。并用模糊数学的方法对八种植被土壤的上述指标进行了综合比较,八种植被土壤肥力的相似顺序为:七子花土壤茶园土壤>竹林土壤>柳杉土壤>金钱松土壤>日本花柏土壤>黄山松土壤>云锦=杜鹃土壤。     

接受与变形：先锋小说“触电”现象透视——从电影《红高粱》、《大红灯笼高高挂》谈起

先锋小说的先锋性和电影的通俗性本是互不兼容的两种品格，可在当前先锋小说却频频“触电”。为透视这一独特现象，笔者考察了张艺谋电影《红高粱》和《大红灯笼高高挂》的改编过程，意在反思这一现象对先锋小说创作带来的影响。     

Impact of external examinations (Matura) on school lessons

In the first part, the paper considers the impacts of external examination on learning and school lessons. Numerous researches and analyses have shown that students from specialized high schools retain incomplete, shallow and often completely incorrect ideas about some natural and social phenomena. They do not know how to connect the knowledge that they have gained. The reason for the low applicability of knowledge and lack of retention is mainly due to the domination of shallow and reproductive studying, which is even encouraged by the external Matura. Multiple‐choice questions and tasks of low taxonomic level, which can be objectively measured or graded, predominate in the external examination. The results, in the second part of the paper, indicate that the knowledge gained in high schools is narrowing throughout the years of schooling. This means that, with the approach of the final examination, exact summaries of learned material, definitions and information are demanded from students more often at the end than at the beginning of high school. Students' comprehension, linking their knowledge to other subjects and topics, critical thinking and applying the knowledge to other examples is demanded more often at the beginning of schooling (in the first year) than in the fourth year of high school (just before the Matura). Also, the democratization of the grading process decreases throughout the schooling. Students are debating with the teachers about form, methods and content of grading examinations more frequently in the first year than in the fourth year of their schooling.     

中学数学教师能力素质的调查与分析

合格的中学数学教师应具备的基本能力包括：较强的数学能力、基本的教学能力和一定的科研能力，中学数学教师能力强弱与高师数学教育专业的培养目标直接的关系，师范院校应转变观念，将培养师范生的能力素质作为数学教育改革的重要目标。     

元学习理论及其对数学学习指导的启示

介绍了元学习的概念，分析了元学习与学习的内在联系，提出了元学习理论是数学学习指导的出发点和归宿，在此基础上，结合数学学科的性质特点，阐述了实施数学学习指导应该重视和注意的几个问题。