How do engineering attitudes vary by gender and motivation? Attractiveness of outreach science exhibitions in four countries

ABSTRACT

Outreach activities, like mobile science exhibitions, give opportunities to hands-on experiences in an attractive learning environment. We analysed attitudes, motivation and learning during a science exhibition visit, their relations to gender and future educational plans in Finland, Estonia, Latvia and Belgium (N?=?1210 sixth-graders). Pupils' performance in a knowledge test improved after the visit. Autonomous motivation and attitudes towards science predicted situation motivation awakened in the science exhibition. Interestingly, the scientist attitude and the societal attitude were clearly separate dimensions. The third dimension was manifested in the engineering attitude typical for boys, who were keener on working with appliances, designing computer games and animations. Scientist and societal attitudes correlated positively and engineering attitude correlated negatively with the future educational plans of choosing the academic track in secondary education. The societal perspective on science was connected to above average achievement. In the follow-up test, these attitudes showed to be quite stable.     

工程管理专业应用型人才培养目标与质量标准的研究

本文以工程管理专业应用型人才培养为定位方向,全面阐述了工程管理专业人才培养目标,探讨了该人才培养的质量标准,对工程管理专业应用型人才培养具有很大的指导作用。     

基于设计型学习的机器人竞赛教学设计与实践——以2019年FLL工程挑战赛“太空之旅”为例

设计型学习强调通过分析、设计、开发和实施的反复循环来改进教育实践,其理念与机器人竞赛的备赛过程一致,因此,可采用DBL的理念开展机器人竞赛的教学过程。本文主要针对机器人竞赛的课堂教学设计,在深入了解众多中小学机器人教学方式的基础上,查阅了国内外相关文献,并结合笔者连续两年深入中小学指导学生参加FLL工程挑战赛的实践经验,不断改进教学策略,以期为一线教师机器人竞赛教学的开展提供参考。     

Computer-assisted learning in UK engineering degree programmes: lessons learned from an extensive case study programme

This paper gives a synopsis of an extensive programme of case studies on real uses of computer-assisted learning (CAL) materials within UK engineering degree programmes. The programme was conducted between 2000 and 2003 and followed a questionnaire-based survey looking at CAL use in the UK and in Australia. The synopsis reveals a number of key messages for academic tutors and authors including students' enthusiasm for notes, self-tests and features to aid visualisation. Publishers should also consider pricing and licensing arrangements suited to the individual user. Cet article donne une synthèse exhaustive des études de cas concernant l'utilisation concrète des logiciels d'enseignement assisté par ordinateur (EAO) dans les études d'ingénieur au Royaume Uni. Ces études, conduites entre 2000 et 2003, sont basées sur l'analyse de questionnaires concernant l'utilisation de l'EAO au Royaume Uni et en Australie. La synthèse révèle un certain nombre de points clés destinés au corps enseignant et aux auteurs, dont notamment l'intérêt des étudiants pour les cours papiers, les exercices d'autoévaluation et les éléments d'aide à la visualisation. Les aspects liés aux coû ts et aux droits d'auteurs devraient aussi ûtre pris en compte par les éditeurs, afin de faciliter l'accès aux logiciels par les utilisateurs individuels.     

粤港澳大湾区四大合作平台区域治理模式的比较研究

推进重大合作平台建设是粤港澳大湾区落实“一点两地”新定位,进一步全面深化改革、稳步扩大制度型开放的重要依托,有利于“以点带面”引领带动粤港澳全面深化合作。从实践来看,四个重大合作平台在建设发展过程中逐步形成了图景各异的区域治理模式：横琴的“合作政府”治理模式、前海的“法定机构”治理模式、南沙的“属地管理”治理模式以及河套的“园区合作”治理模式。比较四大合作平台区域治理模式的样态可以发现,纵向、横向、斜向和网络状的府际关系对于形塑多样化的区域治理权力结构产生了不同的作用。“自上而下”是四大合作平台构建区域治理权力结构的共同路径;府际权力配置是四大合作平台构建区域治理权力结构的差异化条件。区位属性、服务对象、战略定位、利益配置催生了不同的区域治理模式。     

The ongoing education of engineering practitioners: how do they perceive the usefulness of academic research?

This study explores the usefulness of academic research to engineering practitioners. Issues such as knowledge transfer, the research-practice gap and the changing social/political environment are discussed. An empirical survey of practitioners is analysed to better understand the engineering professions use of academic material, such as research journals, with the medical profession acting as the benchmark. The study also examines the future role for academia from the perspective of practitioners, with areas such as engagement, relevance, dissemination and education highlighted. While the study found there was a reasonable level of utilisation of academic material, there are still some significant gaps. The study brings to the fore the issue of relevance in applied research fields and highlights the need to evaluate the usefulness of our research to practitioners and the betterment of society.     

应用项目教学法设计中职《电工基础》课程--以日光灯安装方法的教学为例

在中职《电工基础》教学中运用项目教学法,把理论教学与实践教学有机地结合起来,最大限度地提高学生学习电工知识的兴趣,在物理教学活动中充分体现学生的自主、合作、探究的学习方式,让学生实践能力、分析和解决问题的能力、交流合作能力得到全方位地锻炼,是促进中职《电工基础》教学改革的一项有力措施。     

高职院校工程类专业英语教学现状分析与对策

在高职院校工程专业英语教学中,存在着教师和学生与教学要求不相适应的各种问题。为了使这些问题得到有效解决,提出以教师为主导,倡导以学生为中心,以教材为关键,以教具为手段的教学方法,促进教学质量的提高。     

“新工科”背景下省属高校高分子材料与工程专业人才培养的改革与实践

武汉纺织大学高分子材料与工程专业在"新工科"理念及工程教育专业认证标准的指导下,对专业的培养方案、人才培养模式、课程体系、多元化学业考核评价体系、持续改进体系、师资建设等方面进行改革与实践。通过这些改革举措,学生的专业基础知识越来越扎实,解决复杂工程问题和创新创业能力得到提高,就业情况明显好转,人才培养质量越来越好,满足了服务区域经济发展和纺织行业转型升级的需求。