The aspects and ability groups in which little fish perform worse than big fish: Examining the big-fish-little-pond effect in the context of school tracking

The present study focused on junior high-school graduates who were equally able but attended different-rank high schools, comparing their academic self-concept, school adjustment, and academic achievement upon the completion of senior high school. An overall-school analysis was used to replicate previous findings, and an adjacent-school comparison was conducted to compare the performance of students at the bottom of a higher track and their similar-ability counterparts at the top of a lower track. The results indicated that the big-fish-little-pond effect (BFLPE) affects the academic self-concept and school adjustment of certain students, but not their academic achievement. Furthermore, the BFLPE was present between the bottom students of the first-ranked school and the top students of the second-ranked school, but not between the bottom students of the second-ranked school and the top students of the third-ranked school. The obtained results indicate that the BFLPE may not necessarily be associated with cognitive outcomes such as academic achievement and tracking contexts with less contrasting groups.     

江南储材学堂发端及办学特色探略

以“自强”“求富”为目标的洋务运动在甲午战争后的进入转折期,对教育的人才培养提出了更高的要求。在“实业救国”思潮的影响下,出现了以培养直接服务于社会各业人才为任务的实业学堂这一新式教育机构,江南储材学堂是其中的佼佼者,它的培养目的聚焦实业人才;稳定多元的投资为江南储材学堂提供了经费保障;高质量生源为江南储材学堂提供了发展基础;严格师资管理为江南储材学堂发展提供了丰富的人力资源;全方位的学生管理是江南储材学堂发展的前提;先进丰富的教学内容为江南储材学堂提供了发展动力,对以后的教育产生了重要的影响。     

鞍山市农村学校音乐艺术教育的发展现状与推进策略

音乐艺术教育是习近平总书记提出的实现小康生活的重要体现,是提高生活质量、加强精神文明建设的客观需求.目前音乐艺术教育仍然是鞍山市农村学校艺术教育的盲点.改善农村音乐艺术教育的现状,推进农村音乐艺术教育区域性发展迫在眉睫.     

Lyceum 1511 and Mountain Crest High School: An International Exchange Program Reveals Educational Contrasts

The arrival of underprepared freshmen to a high school presents a host of challenges for all stakeholders. West High School in Bakersfield, California, responded to a problem of academic failure of a significant number of freshmen by developing and implementing a Freshman Academy for underprepared students entering the 9th grade. During two years of this intervention, the school experienced improvement in the matriculation rate, an increase in literacy skills, and a reduction in student suspensions. The Freshman Academy identified students’ academic and nonacademic needs and provided a supportive learning environment to help address these needs in a way that led to successful promotion through high school. Two critical attributes of this approach are teacher efficacy and teacher collaboration.     

Short reports

While Western educators caution against contrived collegiality in the midst of enthusiasm for peer coaching as a form of teacher development, Hong Kong educators are struggling to detach discussion and observation of classroom teaching from staff appraisal. The challenges for this task are twofold: to secure a niche for peer coaching in the practice of staff development, and to ward off contrived collegiality in the course. Using an action research paradigm, the present project attempted to meet these challenges in two schools. As a joint work between various parties, the present project had to negotiate its way cautiously to achieve genuine collaboration and avoid imposition from the administrators and outsiders to the front-line teachers. During the course, innovative strategies were taken to cope with various difficulties, including time constraints, teachers' psychological pressure, and the possibility of contrived collegiality and implementation partnership. The evaluation of the project showed that the teachers generally accepted peer coaching and found it helpful to their professional development. The experience in the two schools indicated that true collaboration might emerge from organizationally induced collegiality under certain conditions.     

明末词学雅化的苗裔——陈子龙词学理论及其在词学史中的地位

云间词派以突出的词学理论与创作表现振兴明词之衰,并开启了清词中兴之格局。该派的主将陈子龙被誉为＂明词第一＂,且其词学理论在明清之交的词学批评中占有重要地位,但历来针对陈子龙词学理论的探讨却非常有限,论文从承传与发展的角度来探讨陈子龙的词学理论,以见其在词学发展史上的地位,并确立其对于明代与清代词学之承传、融通、影响的词史地位。全文先从其重要的词学观点入手,探讨其复古源流观、辨体论、词境说、风骚寄托说、体性观、审美技巧论,透过这些观点的阐述以见陈子龙的词论在词史的重要位置,他在明词中衰的困境中接续了词统的最早努力,开启了清代词坛的盛衰之辨与南北宋之争,使词既能维护其本质特性,又可朝雅化尊体的路上前进,为清代词论写下了第一页。陈子龙代表明末词坛雅化的星星之火,即将在清代成为燎原之势。     

高校分党校培训科学化探究

高校党校培训工作在提高大学生思想政治素质等方面有着不可估量的作用。作为高校党校工作的分支——二级学院分党校应在教学内容、教学方式等方面主动创新,不断提高科学化水平,从而提升培训质量,为推动高校大学生党建工作深入开展提供坚强的后盾。     

从以礼说诗看《吕氏家塾读诗记》的宗毛倾向

作为理学家的吕祖谦,其《吕氏家塾读诗记》继承《郑笺》以礼说诗的传统,多以义理解诗,是《吕氏家塾读诗记》宗毛诗的表现之一。     

Cerebral laterality effects in the dual processing of prose

The degree to which the concreteness of prose material presented in an auditory fashion would interact with learners' lateral preference under different right hemispheric presentation conditions was investigated with 96 normal adults. Forty-eight subjects with consistent right preference patterns and a like number of bilateral individuals were either instructed to image, given a visual-spatial interference task, or given no instructions before listening to passages which differed in abstractness. As predicted across conditions, learners recalled a significantly greater number of ideas when the passage was concrete. Importantly, the abstractness was found to interact with subjects' inferred cerebral dominance. Whereas instructions to image and visual interference had little significant effect on mixed dominant subjects, for more consistently lateralized subjects imagery instructions increased and right-hemispheric interference decreased concrete recall. The results were interpreted in terms of visual and verbal encoding concomitant with cerebral lateralization.     

The early developmental competencies and school readiness of low-income,immigrant children: Influences of generation,race/ethnicity,and national origins

Though much valuable research has been conducted on the academic achievement of school-age immigrant youth, less is known about the early developmental competencies of immigrant children during the preschool years. This study describes the school readiness of 2194 low-income children receiving subsidies to attend child care with emphasis on how nativity status (generation), race/ethnicity, and national origins might be related to children's preparedness for kindergarten. The Learning Accomplishment Profile–Diagnostic (LAP-D) was used to measure cognitive and language skills, while teacher-report on the Devereux Early Childhood Assessment (DECA) measured socio-emotional protective factors and behavior concerns. Results demonstrate that variation does exist in school readiness according to nativity-based factors. First- and second-generation immigrants lagged behind children in non-immigrant families in cognitive and language skills but excelled by comparison in socio-emotional skills and behavior. In many cases, first-generation immigrant children showed more advanced development than second-generation immigrant children, providing some evidence in the early years for an immigrant advantage. The present study raises awareness regarding some of the strengths immigrant children demonstrate from a very young age—strengths that can be built upon to encourage their later success and academic achievement.