人类基因组计划(HGP)的提出及重大意义

人类基因组计划是一项庞大的科学工程。自1990年起，历经10年多时间，在诸多研究领域取得了显著进展和辉煌成就。目前，人类基因组计划业已成为探索人类生老病死生命奥秘的重大计划、成为征服人类顽疾有希望的计划、成为推动生物产业化发展的前沿计划。本文仅就人类基因组计划的提出和重大意义作以梗概阐述。     

王世贞史学成就评述

晚明著名文学家王世贞同时也是一位颇具影响的史学家.他不仅给后人留下了大量史学著述,而且以崇尚直书实录、实证考信、变易求通、治史经世等史学思想影响着后世史书的编纂,在中国史学史上占有一定地位.     

对李约瑟<中国科学技术史》若干问题的消解

已故英国名科学史家李约瑟博士对中国科学技术史进行了深入探讨，其所的《中国科学技术史》对中国古代科学技术作出了实事求是的总结与概括，并提出了一些极有启发性的独创见解，对世界了解中国，消除误解与偏见作了极好的宣传。他对中国科学技术史的研究不存在“拔高”或“说好话”的倾向。他的《中国科学与明》被译成《中国科学技术史》并无不妥。否定“李约瑟难题”缺乏理论根据。     

翦伯赞和1949-1966年间的历史教学思潮

本着重梳理了翦伯赞在十七年史学中历史教学思潮形成过程中所具有的地位、理论成就以及在当时所具有的意义。从一个侧面揭示了在十七年史学中，翦伯赞积极顺应唯物史现传播的客观要求，促进了历史教学思潮的形成；反过来，由于以翦伯赞为代表的马克思主义史学家注重对历史教学的探讨，进而也加速了唯物史现的广泛传播和深入发展。     

Learning about the past: exploring the opportunities and challenges of using an outdoor learning approach

This paper examines the potential of outdoor learning for supporting children’s understanding of and attitude towards history. A class of primary school children participated in an intensive experiential, residential history programme. A range of data was collected before, during and after the residential programme, and the findings suggest that the experience had a positive impact on the children’s attitude towards history and enabled many of the children to be able to easily recall highly specific factual knowledge. However, the children’s understanding of history as a provisional construct was not developed, as it was not a strong feature of the programme. Nor was the experiential nature of the experience fully exploited. Overall the study suggests that such a programme has the potential to support children’s learning of the past, but a deeper understanding of history, drawing on the benefits of outdoor learning pedagogy, needs to be planned for more explicitly.     

新课程理念下物理学史再认识

在新课程理念下物理学史与以往相比具有更多的教育功能，因此有必要对物理学史进行再认识，从克服传统物理课程弊端的角度来讲，需要将物理学史运用到物理教学中，而教育重演论为物理学史的应用提供了直接的理论依据。在新课程理念下将物理学史融入物理教学中，可以激发学生的兴趣，有利于学生的“终身学习”；帮助学生理解物理规律，提高问题解决的能力；提高学生的整体科学素养；发挥物理课的德育功能并促进学生的社会性发展等。可以说，物理学史在教学中是对知识与技能，过程与方法，情感、态度与价值观三维目标的有效整合。教师应更新观念；克服三个不利倾向：重视近、现代物理的发展；在教学上灵活处理。     

中国近代史研究需要创新

经过20世纪初期以来几代学的努力开拓和辛勤耕耘,中国近代史学科已经取得丰硕的学术成果。史学界对中国近代史的研究无论其深度还是广度,都超过对史学其他学科的研究,几乎所有当代名历史学家都曾涉猎过近代史研究领域。可以这样说,近代史学科的框架、体系、基本内容和研究理论已经基本成熟。但就目前而言,近代史学研究似乎处于停滞状态,以至于出现某种危机。这种情况已经引起近代史学界的重视。一个基本思路是：近代史学科体系和近代史研究理论需要创新,各专门史研究需要创新,对具体事件和人物的研究也需要创新。     

Recovering lost histories of educational design: a case study in contemporary participatory strategies

Past practices shape and limit the design imagination of teachers, pupils, parents, governors, and others concerned with designing modern schools. Bringing histories of education to the table in the participatory design process of new school buildings and curricula is necessary. Schools having an extraordinary past have the potential to draw from that prefigurative practice. This paper reports a case study on how the Kees Boeke School in The Netherlands recently has returned to its own history in addressing the needs of its current and future learners in a redesign project. Through addressing the question of how the redesign might reflect a reconnection with the original vision of education espoused by Boeke—learning in relative freedom, with awareness of responsibilities for own and community’s well-being—the school management, architects, teachers, and students took part in a participatory design process. That process and the resulting school design is discussed. From this case study we argue that past adventures in education can inspire current redesign. Past experiences as well as concerns and beliefs about the future are an inevitable influence on initiatives to realise schools for the future, both for schools with experimental and those with traditional histories.     

The dynamics of technological change in UK retail banking services: An evolutionary perspective

The purpose of this paper is to elaborate an evolutionary perspective on the process of structural change that has characterized the banking industry in the United Kingdom (UK). For this purpose, the evolution of retail financial services is contrasted against the backdrop of the implementation and development of information and communication technologies (ICTs). The paper delves into the sources and the effects of technological change in banking over a long-term perspective (1840s-1990s) to point out the significance of the opportunities and the constraints that have shaped the growth and development of this industry. This is interpreted as a three-stage evolutionary process driven by intertemporal coordination across several complementary domains, including activities of production, business organization, consumption and the underlying regulatory setting. It is concluded that the evolution of UK retail banking displays the characteristics of a distributed process of innovation in which developers of technologies, service suppliers and customers contribute to the process of structural change of the industry.     

Review of economic bubbles

This paper investigates the history of economic bubbles and attempts to identify whether there are direct correlations between different bubbles. To support this research, literature has been consulted on historical and recent bubbles, theories surrounding speculation, the market for venture capital, and bubbles in the technology sector. By analysing a range of bubbles, rather than just those in the technology sector, general bubble-principles are also identified. All the economic bubbles are classified under “uncontrolled risk” and a recommended method that can detect and analyse full impacts by uncontrolled risk will be presented, together with future directions to be discussed.