金属离子对过氧化氢的催化分解作用研究

在弱酸性条件下，采用碘量法研究了Cu^2＋、Zn^2＋、Mn^2＋、Ni^2＋等金属离子在不同浓度下对过氧化氢溶液分解速率的影响。     

铁氰化钴修饰碳糊电极过氧化氢传感器的研究

研究了铁、钴、镍、铜与铋形成的普鲁士蓝及类普鲁士蓝的制备,并将它们用于修饰碳糊电极得到电化学传感器。研究表明：铁氰化钴修饰碳糊电极对H2O2有明显的电催化作用,将它用于H2O2的测定取得较好的结果,测定的线性范围为5．34×10^-6～5．34×10^-4mol·L^-1。该电极具有灵敏度高、稳定性和重现性好等特点。     

H2S对兔左心室心肌细胞电生理特性的影响

目的:探讨硫化氢(H2S)对兔左心室心肌细胞电生理特性的影响.方法:用标准微电极细胞内记录技术,观测硫化氢对兔左心室心肌细胞电生理特性的影响.观测指标:静息电位(resting potential,RP)、超射值(over-shoot,OS)、动作电位幅值(amplitude of action po-tential,APA)、0相最大除极速率(maximal rate of depolarization,Vmax)、复极20%、50%和90%时间(20%、50%and 90% of duration of action potential,APD20、APD50and APD90)及复极化平均速度(average rate of repolarization).结果:(1)用50μmol/L NaHS 灌流时,和正常对照组相比,APD50、APD90缩短(P＜0.01),复极化平均速度增快(P<0.05).(2)100μmol/L NaHS与对照组比较,APD50、APD90缩短(P＜0.01),复极化平均速度增快(P<0.05).和50μmol/L NaHS相比APD50缩短(P＜0.01)、APD90缩短(P＜0.05)、复极化平均速度增快(P<0.05).(3)200μmol/L NaHS、400μmol/L、1 000μmol/L NaHS可浓度依赖性的使 APA、RP、OS减小(P<0.01),APD20、APD50、APD90缩短(P＜0.01),复极化平均速度增快(P<0.01).结论:H2S可浓度依赖性的影响兔左心室心肌细胞电生理特性.     

氢原子能级与碱金属原子能级的比较研究

运用玻尔理论及受力分析的方法,考虑相互作用的不同情况,分析了氢原子与碱金属原子能级结构,并进行了数值计算,画出了能级结构图.再运用比较研究的方法对氢原子能级与碱金属原子能级进行比较,找出其相同点及不同点.     

燃烧加热污染空气对超燃冲压发动机性能影响研究

针对燃烧加热地面试验设备存在的工质污染问题,采用数值模拟方法研究了燃烧加热污染空气对氢燃料超燃冲压发动机性能的影响。以飞行马赫数Ma=6.5,当量油气比ER=0.6为计算基准状态,分别对纯净空气和污染空气来流下氢燃料超燃冲压发动机的整机流场和性能进行了对比计算分析。燃烧化学反应模拟采用了改进的H₂/O₂七组分八方程模型,湍流模型为标准的 k-ε模型,并采用直连式燃烧室试验数据进行了数值方法的验证。研究结果表明:(1)相对于纯净空气来流,污染空气来流下的超燃冲压发动机推力和比冲均有所下降。(2)采用酒精燃烧加热器的前提下,来流参数匹配静温、静压、马赫数时,发动机性能与纯净空气来流下的结果最为接近,而匹配总温、总压、马赫数时相差最大。(3)来流参数匹配总焓、静压、马赫数的前提下,采用氢燃烧加热器时发动机性能与纯净空气来流下的结果最为接近,而采用甲烷燃烧加热器时相差最大。      

Experimental and model comparisons of H2O2 assisted UV photodegradation of Microcystin-LR in simulated drinking water

The degradation of Microcystin-LR （MC-LR） in water by hydrogen peroxide assisted ultraviolet （UV/H2O2） process was investigated in this paper. The UV/H2O2 process appeared to be effective in removal of the MC-LR. MC-LR decomposition was primarily ascribed to production of strong and nonselective oxidant-hydroxyl radicals within the system. The intensity of UV radiation, initial concentration of MC-LR, MC-LR purity, dosages of H2O2, the initial solution pH, and anions present in water, to some extent, influenced the degradation rate of MC-LR. A modified pseudo-first-order kinetic model was developed to predict the removal efficiency under different experimental conditions.     

γ-辐射对α-亚麻酸氧化反应的影响

对α-亚麻酸及其乙酯分别在氧气气氛和氮气气氛下进行一定剂量的γ-辐射，每隔两天测定其过氧化值。研究结果表明：辐射剂量和时间对亚麻酸的过氧化值有较大影响，本文同时探讨了亚麻酸在γ-辐射下过氧化值与反应机制之间的内在联系。     

Reagentless biosensor based on layer-by-layer assembly of functional multiwall carbon nanotubes and enzyme-mediator biocomposite

A simple and controllable layer-by-layer (LBL) assembly method was proposed for the construction of reagentless biosensors based on electrostatic interaction between functional multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and enzyme-mediator biocomposites. The carboxylated MWNTs were wrapped with polycations poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) and the resulting PAH-MWNTs were well dispersed and positively charged. As a water-soluble dye methylene blue (MB) could mix well with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) to form a biocompatible and negativelycharged HRP-MB biocomposite. A (PAH-MWNTs/HRP-MB) _n bionanomultilayer was then prepared by electrostatic LBL assembly of PAH-MWNTs and HRP-MB on a polyelectrolyte precursor film-modified Au electrode. Due to the excellent biocompatibility of HRP-MB biocomposite and the uniform LBL assembly, the immobilized HRP could retain its natural bioactivity and MB could efficiently shuttle electrons between HRP and the electrode. The incorporation of MWNTs in the bionanomultilayer enhanced the surface coverage concentration of the electroactive enzyme and increased the catalytic current response of the electrode. The proposed biosensor displayed a fast response (2 s) to hydrogen peroxide with a low detection limit of 2.0×10⁻⁷ mol/L (S/N=3). This work provided a versatile platform in the further development of reagentless biosensors.     

余甘子抗氧化成分的提取与抗氧化活性研究

以乙醇为溶剂,超声波辅助提取余甘子果实的抗氧化成分并作用于花生油,对提取工艺及提取物对花生油的抗氧化活性进行了研究。正交实验的结果表明最佳提取工艺条件为:固液比为1:20、超声波处理60min、乙醇质量分数为50%;余甘子提取物能明显降低花生油过氧化值,常温下有良好的热稳定性与抗氧化性能。