基于NSGAⅡ的带时间窗生鲜品配送路径优化

考虑到生鲜品的易腐性、高时效性和对运输环境要求高的特点,为减少生鲜品配送企业的配送成本,提高客户满意度,在车辆载重、时间窗、生鲜品保质期等约束条件下,提出将配送总成本最小化和生鲜品新鲜度最大化的多目标车辆路径优化模型。利用改进的非支配排序遗传算法(non-dominated sorting genetic algorithmⅡ,NSGAⅡ)对模型进行求解。求出满足配送总成本最小和生鲜品新鲜度最大的相对较优解,证明模型的有效性。该模型在大规模配送和客户地理位置分布较为分散的情况下,对生鲜品新鲜度的优化较为明显。     

液滴撞击凹凸槽道表面液膜的动态演变

为研究固体表面结构对液滴撞击液膜后演变行为的影响规律,采用CLSVOF方法模拟液滴撞击不同尺寸槽道上的表面液膜的流动过程,获得不同槽道高度和宽度时液滴撞击液膜后的演变行为,探索撞击速度、液膜黏度和表面张力对撞击后液膜铺展行为、水花飞溅高度和二次液滴形成的影响。结果表明,槽道结构对液滴撞击液膜后的动态行为具有显著影响,随着槽道高度的增加,冠状水花厚度越薄,越容易产生二次液滴;随着液膜黏度的增大,则抑制冠状水花形成与二次液滴的产生;液膜表面张力减小时,射流更加明显,二次液滴数更多,飞溅现象提前,冠状水花消失时间延后。     

基于MIP-SLA的叶片陶瓷型芯光固化成型技术

为解决航空发动机空心涡轮叶片陶瓷型芯的3D打印难题,研究基于图像投影的复杂结构陶瓷型芯光固化成型（mask-image projection stereolithography,MIP-SLA）方法。搭建MIP-SLA工艺系统平台,对陶瓷浆料的制备和打印工艺参数的配置进行研究。分析利用球磨机将光敏树脂和陶瓷颗粒进行混合制备陶瓷浆料时,光敏树脂类型、固相含量、陶瓷颗粒粒径、分散剂含量和球磨时间对陶瓷浆料性能的影响。对不同配置参数下的打印效果进行对比分析,对确定的最佳打印工艺参数进行打印效果验证。     

基于距离方程组的机载SAR图像立体定位方法

提出一种基于距离方程组的机载SAR图像立体定位方法,该方法使用同一成像区域的3幅SAR图像进行无控制点定位,首先确定目标在3幅图像中对应的同名像点,解析该像点对应的雷达平台瞬时经纬度坐标、海拔高度以及目标到雷达平台的斜距值,在地心坐标系下建立3幅图像对应同名像点的距离方程组,对非线性方程组进行求解得到同名像点基于地心坐标系的坐标值,并通过坐标转换得到目标点的经纬度坐标及海拔高度,实现三维定位。对影响定位精度的系统误差因素进行仿真分析,利用实飞的机载SAR图像进行目标定位实验,结果验证了该方法的有效性。     

Molecular design revitalizes the low-cost PTV-polymer for highly efficient organic solar cells

Developing photovoltaic materials with simple chemical structures and easy synthesis still remains a major challenge in the industrialization process of organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, an ester substituted poly(thiophene vinylene) derivative, PTVT-T, was designed and synthesized in very few steps by adopting commercially available raw materials. The ester groups on the thiophene units enable PTVT-T to have a planar and stable conformation. Moreover, PTVT-T presents a wide absorption band and strong aggregation effect in solution, which are the key characteristics needed to realize high performance in non-fullerene-acceptor (NFA)-based OSCs. We then prepared OSCs by blending PTVT-T with three representative fullerene- and NF-based acceptors, PC₇₁BM, IT-4F and BTP-eC9. It was found that PTVT-T can work well with all the acceptors, showing great potential to match new emerging NFAs. Particularly, a remarkable power conversion efficiency of 16.20% is achieved in a PTVT-T:BTP-eC9-based device, which is the highest value among the counterparts based on PTV derivatives. This work demonstrates that PTVT-T shows great potential for the future commercialization of OSCs.     

Influence of Cultural Orientations on Electronic Word-of-Mouth (eWOM) in Social Media

This study explores how horizontal/vertical individualism and collectivism (HVIC) orientations influence electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM) (i.e., opinion leadership and opinion seeking) in social media. Online survey panel data through Amazon MTurk were collected from American social media users to address the research purpose. The results, using the structural equation modeling, show that the paths from horizontal individualism to opinion leadership, vertical individualism to opinion leadership and opinion seeking, horizontal collectivism to opinion leadership, and vertical collectivism to opinion leadership and opinion seeking were significant. This study provides theoretical and managerial implications regarding the influence of HVIC orientations on eWOM in social media.     

Effects of periodic carbohydrate ingestion on endurance and cognitive performances during a 40-km cycling time-trial under normobaric hypoxia in well-trained triathletes

The purpose of this study was to examine CHO ingestion on a cognitive task using a field-simulated time-trial (TT) under hypoxia in well-trained triathletes. Ten male triathletes (age: 22.1 ± 1.1 years; VO₂max: 59.4 ± 1.4 ml/kg/min) participated in this double-blind/crossover/counter-balanced design study. Participants completed 3 TT trials: 1) normoxic placebo (NPLA; FiO₂ = 20.9%), 2) hypoxic placebo (HPLA; FiO₂ = 16.3%), and 3) hypoxic CHO (HCHO; 6% CHO provided as 2 ml/kg/15 min; FiO₂ = 16.3%). During the TT, physiological responses (SpO₂, HR, RPE, and blood glucose/lactate), cognitive performance, and cerebral haemodynamics were measured. Hypoxia reduced TT performance by ~3.5–4% (p < 0.05), but CHO did not affect TT performance under hypoxia. For the cognitive task, CHO slightly preserved exercise-induced cognitive reaction speed but did not affect response accuracy during hypoxic exercise. However, CHO did not preserve the decreased Hb-Diff (cerebral blood flow, CBF) and increased HHb in the prefrontal lobe (p < 0.05) during hypoxic exercise, and CHO failed to preserve hypoxia-suppressed prefrontal CBF and tissue oxygen saturation. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that CHO is effective in sustaining reaction speed for a cognitive task but not promoting TT performance during hypoxic exercise, which would be important for strategy-/decision-making when athletes compete at moderate high-altitude.     

我国农村体育精准扶贫改革路径分析

为了丰富户外用品上市公司的评价研究,提升企业的经营绩效,以我国户外用品6家上市公司2016年度财务数据为样本,采用熵权法从偿债能力、运营能力、盈利能力和成长能力四个纬度,对其进行了综合评价。结果显示：（1）公司经营结构中,偿债能力所占的权重最大,运营能力次之,盈利能力排名第三,成长能力所占权重最小;（2）6家公司中,4项一级指标的评分存在明显的两极分化现象。其中,三夫户外的偿债能力最强,牧高笛最弱;牧高笛的运营能力和盈利能力最突出,三夫户外的运营能力和嘉麟杰的盈利能力比较薄弱;中潜股份的成长能力最优秀,浙江永强成长能力最小;（3）综合实力强弱顺序依次为探路者、三夫户外、牧高笛、中潜股份、嘉麟杰、浙江永强。     

中压混合型模块化多电平变换器的载波移相调制策略

由于半桥子模块与全桥子模块的载波移相调制策略不同,两者混合而成的模块化多电平变换器(modular multilevel converter, MMC)不能直接沿用原来的调制策略;在船舶中压直流电力系统中,由于变换器模块数较少,交流输出电压的波形质量相对较差。基于上述原因,通过载波相位角的合理配置,提出一种改进型载波移相调制策略。该策略不仅能够增加交流输出电压的电平数,而且不局限于某种特定的拓扑结构。通过仿真验证其有效性和通用性,验证结果显示它是一种适用于中压混合型MMC的通用调制策略。