The Special Collection Fond of the Presidents of Ukraine as an Integrated Informational Resource for Research on the Institution of the Presidency

ABSTRACT

The article describes the functions of the special collection Fond of the Presidents of Ukraine (FPU) within the V. I. Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine, as well as the history of its formation, purpose, activities, and operational features. It emphasizes that the main characteristics of the institution are not only collecting and using various types of documents, but also research and informational-analytical work to popularize them among citizens and authorities. Unlike the US presidential libraries, in Ukraine the conception of the FPU envisages it as an integrated documentary and informational-analytical center to collect heritage materials and study the institution of the presidency as a whole. FPU also provides operative scholarly and informational resources to government officials, to the scholarly community, to the broad student community, and to society in general through the Internet portal of the V. I. Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine and social networks.     

输煤控制系统硬件结构与上位机监控软件设计

根据工况将不同的设备组合成不同的工作流程，以集散控制技术为基础，应用PLC网络实现了对输煤设备的现场控制、电控室控制和中控室控制。并以FIX软件为工具，通过定义PLC的I/O端口映射表方法，以时间、事件、故障为触发手段，设计了实时监控软件，并实现了输煤量与数据库系统的数据接口。     

伊丽莎白政府的外交政策与苏格兰问题的成功解决

本文论述了伊丽莎白政府1559—1560年在苏格兰问题上采取的循序渐进的干涉政策:适中的承诺,金钱和武器援助,公开武装干涉.在此基础上分析了英格兰取胜的根本原因:外交战略的调整;独立自主的外交政策;伊丽莎白女王与威廉·塞西尔相得益彰的合作.试图说明:苏格兰问题的解决使不列颠岛日益成为一个防御整体,在此基础上英格兰走出了一条全新的外交路线.     

Do tuition fees affect enrollment behavior? Evidence from a ‘natural experiment’ in Germany

This paper uses the introduction of tuition fees in seven of the sixteen German states in 2007 as a natural experiment to identify the effects of tuition prices on enrollment probabilities. Based on information on enrollment decisions of the entire population of high-school graduates between 2002 and 2008, I find a negative effect of tuition fees on enrollment behavior. The effect is larger than in existing studies for European countries, but of a similar magnitude as effects identified with U.S. data. A potential spill-over effect of the policy intervention to the comparison group is accounted for by using the estimation results to calibrate a structural model of the enrollment decision.     

College selectivity and young adult health behaviors

Large literatures have shown important links between the quantity of completed education and health outcomes on one hand and the quality or selectivity of schooling on a host of adult outcomes, such as wages, on the other hand. However, little research attempts to produce evidence of the link between school quality and health. The paper presents the first evidence in the literature on the potential short and intermediate term effects of attending a selective college on health behaviors during and following college attendance. Using a variety of empirical methods, this paper shows strong evidence that college selectivity reduces tobacco and marijuana use but has small and possibly positive effects on binge drinking. The effects on weight behaviors are suggestive of reduced weight, potentially through diet, but not exercise change.     

Poisoning the mind: Arsenic contamination of drinking water wells and children's educational achievement in rural Bangladesh

Bangladesh has experienced the largest mass poisoning of a population in history owing to contamination of groundwater with naturally occurring inorganic arsenic. Prolonged drinking of such water risks development of diseases and therefore has implications for children's cognitive and psychological development. This study examines the effect of arsenic contamination of tubewells, the primary source of drinking water at home, on the learning outcome of school-going children in rural Bangladesh using recent nationally representative data on secondary school children. We unambiguously find a negative and statistically significant correlation between mathematics scores and arsenic-contaminated drinking tubewells at home, net of the child's socio-economic status, parental background and school specific unobserved correlates of learning. Similar correlations are found for an alternative measure of student achievement and subjective well-being (i.e. self-reported measure of life satisfaction), of the student. We conclude by discussing the policy implication of our findings in the context of the current debate over the adverse effect of arsenic poisoning on children.     

美国高校绩效责任探析

绩效责任是美国高校为了提高管理效率和教学质量而提出来的。绩效责任是高校利益相关者之间的一种整体问责。绩效责任加深了学术自由和学术自治之间的张力,迫使大学努力寻找责任与自由之间的平衡。绩效责任指标体系难以评定,评价日益复杂,明确定位大学发展目标有利于绩效责任的实现。同时,绩效责任也改变了大学的管理模式,通过大学文化的塑造,整合协调大学内部各种人员的利益关系,从而达到共同治理的目的。     

李白诗的自我确认意识与表现 ——以"我"字使用为中心的讨论

“我”是一个鲜明地标志主体意义，能产生特殊抒情效果的符号，李白诗以“我”字领起最多，其使用频度在唐代诗人中最高，这一突出的创作现象反映出李白诗歌强烈的自我确认意识，折射出浓厚的狂放色彩，体现出李白的自我主体意识的高扬在盛唐的代表意义。     

Operating systems

The objectives and stages of operating systems introduced in Part 1 are continued here. Four major components —process management, input-output (I/O) device management, memory management, file management and protection are discussed.     

More Powerful Tests of Simple Interaction Contrasts in the Two-Way Factorial Design

For the two-way factorial design in analysis of variance, the current article explicates and compares three methods for controlling the Type I error rate for all possible simple interaction contrasts following a statistically significant interaction, including a proposed modification to the Bonferroni procedure that increases the power of statistical tests for deconstructing interaction effects when they are of primary substantive interest. Results indicate the general superiority of the modified Bonferroni procedure over Scheffé and Roy-type procedures, where the Bonferroni and Scheffé procedures have been modified to accommodate the logical implications of a false omnibus interaction null hypothesis. An applied example is provided and considerations for applied researchers are offered.