Aligning professional skills and active learning methods: an application for information and communications technology engineering

Engineering education is facing new challenges to effectively provide the appropriate skills to future engineering professionals according to market demands. This study proposes a model based on active learning methods, which is expected to facilitate the acquisition of the professional skills most highly valued in the information and communications technology (ICT) market. The theoretical foundations of the study are based on the specific literature on active learning methodologies. The Delphi method is used to establish the fit between learning methods and generic skills required by the ICT sector. An innovative proposition is therefore presented that groups the required skills in relation to the teaching method that best develops them. The qualitative research suggests that a combination of project-based learning and the learning contract is sufficient to ensure a satisfactory skills level for this profile of engineers.     

信息时代的大学:美国高等教育信息化发展及其启示

该文以CCP和ACCS研究数据为基础,介绍了美国高校近年在校园信息化建设方面所取得的成就及存在的一些问题。内容主要包括:校园信息化基础建设和校园信息化管理、规划和政策制订等。同时,以此为基础,文章也就美国和中国高校的信息化建设情况进行了多方面比较,指出了国内高校在校园信息化方面的差距和所存在的若干问题。     

A cross-linguistic comparison of phonological awareness and word recognition

Phonological awareness is one of the critical skills in the acquisition of reading in an alphabetic orthography. The development of phonological awareness was compared across Turkish and English-speaking kindergarten and first-grade children (n = 138). The Turkish-speakers were more proficient in both handling of the syllables and deleting final phonemes of words. These patterns were related to the characteristics of the respective spoken languages (such as the saliency of the syllable, familiarity of the nonword patterns, importance of onset or final phoneme deletion, importance of vowel harmony) and the development of phonological awareness was discussed as a function of the characteristics of spoken language, orthography and literacy instruction.     

Developing phonological awareness and word recognition skills: A two-year intervention with low-income,inner-city children

Low-income, inner-city children were involved in a two-year intervention delivered in the regular classroom by regular classroom teachers to develop phonological awareness and word recognition skills. For the treatment children, an 11-week phoneme awareness program in kindergarten was followed by a first grade reading program (extended to grade 2 for some children) that emphasized explicit, systematic instruction in the alphabetic code. Control children participated in the school district's regular basal reading program. Both groups participated in a phonetically-based spelling program mandated by the district. At the end of grade 1, treatment children (n = 66) significantly outperformed control children (n = 62) on measures of phonological awareness, letter name and letter sound knowledge, and three measures of word recognition, and reached marginal significance (0.056) on a fourth. They also significantly outperformed the control children on two measures of spelling. One year later, at the end of grade 2, the treatment children (n = 58) significantly outperformed the control children (n = 48) on all four measures of word recognition. For the groups as a whole, there were no differences on the one measure of spelling readministered at the end of grade 2. However, there were significant differences in spelling between the treatment (n = 16) and control children (n = 13) who remained in the bottom quartile of spellers at the end of grade 2 when partial credit was given for phonetically correct spelling, and significant differences in reading favoring these treatment children on all four measures of word recognition.     

Average vs. distributional effects: Evidence from an experiment in Rwanda

Programs and policies in education overwhelmingly focus on improving the average academic achievement for students. However, educational interventions focused on literacy improvement can impact readers at different levels of the reading score distribution differently, and the distributional differences may be more pronounced by sex. In this paper, I explore data from a field experiment in a district in Rwanda that was intended to make classroom reading pedagogy more effective and engage students, families, and communities in reading activities outside of school to improve students’ reading outcomes.I study the distributional effects of the intervention on students on two higher-order reading outcomes – Kinyarwanda fluency and Kinyarwanda text comprehension, measured for students who met a basic literacy threshold. I find that a) the set of interventions had a positive and significant, albeit modest effect on students at or above the 25th percentile of the reading distributions b) the program had positive and significant effects on reading outcomes for girls only, and these effects differed along the reading achievement distribution. This work underscores the importance of tailoring programs and policies to the needs of different types of learners.     

创新集群环境评价——以北欧国家ICT集群为例

对创新集群环境评价的内涵进行分析,将其环境大致分为文化环境、分工环境、交易环境、政策环境和社会资本环境五个维度.设计创新集群环境评价的指标体系来表征相应的五个维度,并运用主成分分析法结合北欧ICT集群的有关环境状况进行评价.评价结论基本反映北欧各国ICT集群的发展现状.     

“内外共融”武术教学理念的探讨

武术作为具有中国特色的民族传统体育运动,俨已成为当今学校体育的重要部分。而当今武术教学的诸多现象却表明：如何采取行之有效的措施帮助学生在获得技能、强身健体的同时感受并汲取武术内在的文化,进而形成良好的人文素养早已成为我们亟待解决的问题。基于此背景,本文提出＂内外共融＂的武术教学理念,通过对其特有功能和价值的分析及对该理念的深入阐述,以求改善武术教学现状,实现学生真正意义上的内外兼修。     

信息通信技术发展水平与城市群内部的创新空间分布

从网络效应出发,探究信息通信技术使创新空间分布趋向均衡的理论机制.利用长三角城市群面板数据构建门限回归模型,检验在不同互联网普及程度下各类创新主体对城市创新产出贡献的门限效应.研究发现:长三角城市群内,创新主体位于互联网普及程度高的城市对创新产出具有更高的边际贡献,互联网普及率13.67％和38.98％分别为创新主体边际贡献门限效应的两个临界点,达到38.98％后大学、外资企业、消费者的创新效率达到最大化,而政府干预作用相对降低;早期阶段,中心城市率先达到互联网普及的临界点,但随后互联网基础设施的快速发展消弭了城市间互联网"接入鸿沟",大部分城市突破了互联网普及的门限条件,互联网快速普及促进创新空间分布趋向均衡,为摆脱极化陷阱创造了条件.据此从城市群层面对实施创新驱动发展和协调区域平衡发展战略提出建议:关注中心城市的创新发展,集中突破核心关键技术创新;以数字经济发展为契机,优化调整创新空间分布;推动协同建设新一代信息基础设施,在更大地理范围内将创新主体纳入网络效应作用机制.     

信息素养教育和高校图书馆的使命

分析了信息素养的本质,指出文献信息业务工作与信息素养的内在联系,认为应当通过文献信息工作人员的业务素质,提炼和升华适合个人知识信息库建设需要的信息素养,作为高校信息素养教育的一个着力点,同时讨论了高校图书馆在全面普及信息素养教育中的作用和使命。     

韩国高等教育信息化发展近况及其启示

信息技术的发展已经影响到教育的各个方面。本文通过对韩国高等教育信息化的发展阶段、基本政策、韩国高校实施电子化学习和大学电子化学习支持中心的建立以及信息技术支持学术研究等情况的介绍与分析,总结韩国高等教育信息化在政府高度重视、各相关部门通力合作、需求导向的政策规划、有力的预算支持以及有效监管和评估等方面的成功经验,以期对其他国家和地区有所借鉴。