探讨民文版图书馆自动化软件本地化的支持

Interlib系统采用的是基于Unicode40字符编码标准,实现了Windows平台下的网络环境中少数民族文字的显示技术、多编码转换技术和民文文字存储技术,并在此基础上实现并促进少数民族文字信息处理的标准化。本文主要阐述了新疆维吾尔自治区图书馆所选用的图书馆自动化软件Interlib系统在处理少数民族文字获得本地化支持方面所做具体工作。     

全面协同:创新致胜之道——技术与非技术要素全面协同机制研究

在分析总结国内外有关技术创新过程中协同问题研究现状的基础上,基于全面创新管理(TIM)的崭新理论视角探讨了技术创新过程中技术、战略、组织、文化、制度、市场等各关键要素的协同问题,首次提出了各创新要素全面协同的概念,并提出了C3IS五阶段全面协同过程模型,认为实现全面协同一般来说应该经过沟通、竞争、合作、整合、协同五个阶段。对于了解企业技术创新的过程,促进技术与各非技术要素的协同,从而提升创新绩效具有现实指导意义。     

知识管理对信息技术和信息系统外包成功性的影响

提出了从知识管理角度提高信息技术与信息系(IT／IS)外包成功性模型，指出：IT／IS外包失败的原因有三个：第一，外包企业与IT/IS供应商之间知识流动顺畅性，包括供应商知识到客户以及客户到供应商之间双向流动。第二，外包合作双方和谐关系。第三，环境动态性。流畅的知识流动、和谐的客户供应商关系以及稳定的环境是外包成功的保证。     

企业信息化中IS/IT战略管理研究剖析

IS IT战略管理是当前信息技术研究与发展的重要内容 ,本文分析了企业信息化中存在的投资收益问题 ,即“信息悖论”问题 ,简要评述了近年来IS IT战略管理的研究现状 ,分析了研究中存在的问题和不足 ,并提出IS IT战略管理的进一步发展方向     

The IS–business relationship and its implications for performance: An empirical study of South African and Australian organisations

Lack of a close ‘Information systems (IS)–business relationship’ has been described as a potential inhibitor to improving the contribution that information systems (IS) make to business performance. Yet the value of specific attributes of an enduring relationship between IS and business remains to be demonstrated by empirically confirming their link to IS performance. Using data collected from 167 South African and Australian companies, this study examined the effect of three relational attributes, namely commitment, mutual understanding and shared vision, on the contribution of IS to business performance. The study also examines the interrelationship amongst the relational attributes. Results revealed that a strong IS–business relationship is a significant determinant of IS performance. Organisations more successful in their use of IS are characterised by strong commitment on the part of the business to IS efforts, higher levels of IS understanding of the business, and a long-term agreement, between business and IS executives, on IS priorities. Results have important implications for organisations looking to improve the contribution of IS to organisational performance.     

动态战略信息系统规划方法

提出了一种适应动态环境的战略信息系统规划方法。该方法基于核心能力理论、演化竞争理论、动态竞争理论,吸收传统SISP方法与演化SISP方法的精华,强调环境适应性和动态性,重视全过程的环境扫描,集成规划与实施,认为规划是一个持续循环的过程。     

End-user oriented strategies to facilitate multi-organizational adoption of emergency management information systems

Response to large-scale emergencies is a cooperative process that requires the active and coordinated participation of a variety of functionally independent agencies operating in adjacent regions. In practice, this essential cooperation is sometimes not attained or is reduced due to poor information sharing, non-fluent communication flows, and lack of coordination. We report an empirical study of IT-mediated cooperation among Spanish response agencies and we describe the challenges of adoption, information sharing, communication flows, and coordination among agencies that do not share a unity of command. We analyze three strategies aimed at supporting acceptance and surmounting political, organizational and personal distrust or skepticism: participatory design, advanced collaborative tools inducing cognitive absorption, and end-user communities of practice.     

A Study of the Level of Intercultural Communicative Competence and Intercultural Sensitivity of Iranian Medical Students Based on Ethnicity

Competence and sensitivity at intercultural communication are essential for an effective and appropriate communication in the context of health care. The present study sought to survey the levels of intercultural communicative competence (ICC) and intercultural sensitivity (IS) of 400 Iranian medical students based on their ethnic backgrounds (i.e. Fars, Turkish, Kurdish, and Lor). The findings of this study indicated that the four ethnic groups had moderate levels of ICC and IS, and that the Lor ethnic group had the lowest mean scores on the four dimensions of ICC (i.e. knowledge, attitude, skills, and awareness). Implications and suggestions for further research are discussed.     

The impact of past performance on information valuation in virtual communities: Empirical study in online stock message boards

Unlike other types of virtual communities, individuals participate in online stock message boards for their material needs rather than non-material needs (e.g., sense of belonging). They may seek and read others’ opinions to make better investment performances. The value of information in online stock message boards may vary from person to person according to their past investment experiences. However, little is known regarding how their past investment performance influences the value of others’ opinions. Therefore, our study investigates how individuals process others’ opinions on stock message boards for their investment decisions when they have different levels of past investment performance. We proposed the unique research model with two paths consisting of both online stock message board factors and individual factors to determine continuous use of online stock message boards. We conducted SEM analysis with 452 questionnaire data. The results, first, showed that message boards factors (e.g., satisfaction using others’ opinions) have a positive impact on continuous intention to use while their own satisfaction with past investment activities has a negative impact on continuous intention to use. In addition, we believe that this is one of the few papers to examine the moderating role of self-attribution bias on the effects of stock investment performance. Our results indicated that investors with strong self-attribution bias lower the usefulness of opinions when losing money while they increased confidence in their investment-related abilities when achieving a profit from investment. This study will help to support and extend the theory of IS continuance model while providing practical insights for online stock message board managers by suggesting ways to vitalize online stock message boards.