Oxidative stress and damage induced by abnormal free radical reactions and IgA nephropathy

Objective: To estimate the oxidative stress and oxidative damage induced by abnormal free radical reactions in IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients' bodies. Methods: Seventy-two IgA N patients (IgANP) and 72 healthy adult volunteers (HAV) were enrolled in a random control study design, in which the levels of nitric oxide (NO) in plasma, lipoperoxide (LPO) in plasma and in erythrocytes, and vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE) and β-carotene (β-CAR) in plasma as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in erythrocytes were determined with spectrophotometric mothods. Results: Compared with the HAV group, the averages of NO in plasma, and LPO in plasma and in erythrocytes in the IgANP group were significantly increased (P＜0.0001), while those ofVC, VE and β-CAR in plasma as well as those of SOD, CAT and GPX in erythrocytes in the IgANP group were significantly decreased (P＜0.0001). Linear correlation analysis showed that with the increase of the values of NO, and LPO in plasma and in erythrocytes, and with the decrease of those ofVC, VE, β-CAR,SOD, CAT and GPX in the IgAN patients, the degree of histological damage of tubulointerstitial regions was increased gradually (P＜0.0001); and that with the prolongation of the duration of disease the values of NO, and LPO in plasma and erythrocytes were increased gradually, while those of VC, VE, β-CAR, SOD, CAT and GPX were decreased gradually (P＜0.005). The discriminatory correct rates of the above biochemical parameters reflecting oxidative damage of the IgAN patients were 73.8%-92.5%, and the correct rates for the HAV were 70.0%-91.3% when independent discriminant analysis was used; and the correct rate for the IgAN patients was increased to 98.8%, the correct rate for the HAV was increased to 100% when stepwise discriminant analysis was used. The above biochemical parameters' reliability coefficient (alpha) were used to estimate the oxidative damage of the IgAN patients as 0.8145, the standardized item alpha=0.9730, F=53273.5681, P＜0.0001. Conclusions: A series of free radical chain reactions caused serious pathological aggravation in the IgANP' bodies, thus resulting in oxidative damage in their bodies. In treating IgANP, therefore, it is necessary that suitable dose antioxidants should be supplemented to them so as to alleviate the oxidative damage in their bodies.     

肾病综合征患儿院内感染分析

对医院84例肾病综合征患儿进行了院内感染调查,其中46例发生了院内感染,感染率为54.76％,分析院内感染的有关因素,提出肾病的院内感染率与小儿的年龄、性别、肾病的类型、血浆蛋白含量无关,而与住院天数、尿蛋白转阴时间、机体免疫状态、必要的预防措施有关,为减少院内感染,应建立严格的保护性隔离措施,对院内感染的治疗应严格选用适当抗生素及免疫调节剂。     

复肾口服液对阿霉素肾病大鼠肾脏形态的影响

目的：观察复肾口服液对阿霉素肾病大鼠肾脏的形态学影响。方法：采用尾静脉一次性注射阿霉素（ADR）复制肾病综合征模型。用光学显微镜、电子显微镜观察肾小球毛细血管、上皮细胞、基底膜及肾小管的病理形态学改变。结果：复肾口服液能使阿霉素肾病大鼠蛋白尿显著降低，肾小管管腔内的蛋白管型明显减少，肾小球淤血及上皮细胞和基底膜的损伤程度明显减轻，肾小球上皮细胞足突融合明显改善。结论：复肾口服液可促进肾病大鼠肾小球上皮细胞的修复及滤过膜功能的恢复，但存在着量效依赖关系。     

糖尿病,我们需要应对

近年来,随着生活水平的提高、饮食结构的改变、日趋紧张的生活节奏以及少动多坐的生活方式等诸多因素的影响,糖尿病发病率增长迅速,成为继肿瘤、心血管疾病之后第三大严重威胁人类健康的慢性疾病。我国的糖尿病知识普及率低,诊断治疗率更低。据世界卫生组织预计,未来50年内,糖尿病将是中国一个严重的公共卫生问题。发现     

再论依那普利对糖尿病肾病血流动力学及尿白蛋白排泄的影响

糖尿病肾病是糖尿病常见而又难治的慢性并发症。其治疗的关键在于早期发现,Mogensen认为微量白蛋白尿(尿白蛋白排泄率为20～200μg·min~(-1)或30～300mg/24hr)有预测糖尿病患者出现临床蛋白尿的作用,微量白蛋白阶段称为早期或稳性期糖尿病肾病。在此阶段若严格治疗可防止或延缓糖尿病肾病的发生,国外不少研究证明血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂可降低糖尿病肾病的尿白蛋白排泄率,保护肾功能,延缓甚至阻止向临床期进展,而且可明显减缓临床期糖尿病肾病的肾功能恶化。依那普利(Enalapril)是第二代血管紧张素转换酶的抑制剂,本实验以其对早期及临床期糖尿病肾病进行治疗,观察其对肾血流动力学及其尿白蛋白的影响。     

肾病合征伴高粘血征患者生化指标的观察

本文从血液流变学的角度测定了不同类型26例肾病综合征的血液流变特性,并进一步观察了部分常用的生化指标变化,结果显示:①肾病综合征患者的全血还原粘度、血浆粘度值、红细胞压积值与对照组均有显著的差异(P<0.05);②26例肾病综合征患者中有16例,约占61.53％有血液高粘(?)状态的存在:③为探讨肾病综合征高粘与非高粘组之间的差异,本文观察了15项常用的生化指标,显示两组胆固醇、甘油三脂、纤维蛋白原、球蛋白均有增高,生化指标经统计学处理无明显差异(P>0.05)。仅血浆球蛋白的增高及24小时尿蛋白排泄量、尿β—微球蛋白(u.β—2m)的排泄增多,均有显著的统计学意义(P<0.01)     

用爱心降伏肾病病魔——记长沙方泰医院肾病专家杨爱国主任

肾炎,肾衰竭,尿毒症等各种肾脏疾病,是当今世界医学界的一大难题。目前,为了编撰《中国当代名医》一书,笔者再次来到长沙方泰医院,专程采访了中南大学分子药物与治疗研究所肾病治疗研究室主任、长沙方泰医院中医肾病科主任杨爱国医师。     

请不要错过糖尿病肾病最佳治疗“窗口”——上海市第六人民医院肾脏科主任医师简桂花谈糖尿病肾病的防治

糖尿病肾病是糖尿病并发症之一 《科学生活》：简主任,您是肾病专家,今天想请您向我们的读者谈谈有关糖尿病肾病的防治策略。我们知道,糖尿病有很多种并发症,其中糖尿病肾病是医学界临床专家们研究的课题,同时也是许多糖尿病患者普遍关注的话题。     

探究高血压肾病合并肝囊肿患者的护理措施

本文对一例高血压肾病合并肝囊肿患者存在的护理问题作出分析,主要从病人的病情观察、用药护理、心理护理、饮食护理、健康教育等多方面制定护理措施,以常规护理为主,加入中医护理。对患者采取积极合理的临床护理干预和综合治疗能取得良好的治疗效果,在全体医护人员的认真努力下,患者顺利康复出院。对于患者的实际情况及病情状况对症处理,给予合理护理措施,给患者制定科学、有效的康复临床护理方案,能降低患者产生不良反应发生率,提高患者的生活质量^([1])。     

小儿难治性肾病综合症48例临床治疗分析

难治性肾病综合症在小儿肾病综合症中相当多见,为了进一步探讨难治性肾病综合症治疗方法和预后,现将我院1984～1992年临床检查和随访资料比较完整的48例难治性肾病进行分析。