“马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛”(MCMC)方法在估计IRT模型参数中的应用

本文介绍和阐述怎样运用“马尔可夫链蒙特卡洛”(MCMC)技术,并结合Bayes方法来估计IRT的模型参数。首先简要地概述了MCMC方法估计模型参数的基本原理;其次介绍MCMC方法估计模型参数的一般方法,涉及Gibbs抽样、取舍抽样、Metropolis-Hastings算法等概念和方法;最后以IRT的“二参数逻辑斯蒂”(2PL)模型为例,重点介绍了用“Gibbs范围内的M-H算法”估计项目参数(β1jβ2j)的算法过程。结束本文时还解说了MCMC方法的特点。阅读本文需具有随机过程、Markov链、Bayes方法等概率论的基本知识。     

译史研究的重要性、现状及问题

本文从翻译学学科建设的角度重新审视了翻译史研究的重要性,并通过爬梳翻译史研究的相关文献,肯定了中国译史研究所取得的成就。但同时也指出目前的研究面临着资讯匮乏、视角单一、中西比较不足等弊病,从而指明了今后研究应努力的方向。     

多小波子空间采样定理

Unlike scalar wavelets,multiscaling functions can be orthogonal,regular and symmetrical,and have compact support and high order of approximation simultaneously.For this reason,even if multiscaling functions are not cardinal, they still hold for perfect A/D and D/A.We generalize the Walter's sampling theorem to multiwavelet subspaces based on reproducing kernel Hilbert space.The reconstruction function can be expressed by multiwavelet function using the Zak transform.The general case of irregular sampling is also discussed and the irregular sampling theorem for multiwavelet subspaces established.Examples are presented.     

丽水市城区居民环境意识调查分析与评价研究

采用滚雪球抽样,对丽水市城区居民共500人进行了调查,分析了居民环境意识状况,发现环境意识水平与受教育水平、经济水平以及职业密切相关.     

An activity‐based learning third‐level course on survey sampling

This paper describes a novel method for the delivery of an introductory module on survey sampling at a third‐level institution. As part of the module, students undertake a practical survey that is of interest not only to themselves but also to university administrators and other module coordinators. Unlike many data collection activities used in class, these data have intrinsic value. This module is shown to produce students with a high level of expertise in survey sampling. It also fosters in students wider generic capacities, such as information, communication and problem‐solving skills and teamwork and leadership skills that prepare them for further study and employment. The emphasis on activity‐based learning has led to increased student participation, improved examination results as well as enhanced student satisfaction with the module.     

The Effect of Sampling-Time Variation on Latent Growth Curve Models

Longitudinal data are often collected in waves in which a participant’s data can be collected at different times within each wave, resulting in sampling-time variation that is unaccounted for when waves are treated as single time points. Little research has been reported on the effects of this temporal imprecision on longitudinal growth-curve modeling. This article describes the results of a simulation study into the effect of sampling-time variation on parameter estimation, model fit, and model comparison with an empirical validation of the model fit and comparison results.     

Children with Down Syndrome Sharing Past Personal Event Narratives with Their Teacher Aides: A Pilot Study

Personal narrative ability is crucial for social–emotional well-being and classroom participation. This study investigated the ability of 10 school-age participants with Down syndrome to share past personal experiences with their teacher aides in their school environment. To participate, children were required to speak in short sentences and be largely intelligible to unfamiliar listeners. Personal narratives were elicited using photo prompts, comprising a set of the child’s own photographs and a standard set of photographs and accompanying verbal prompts, utilising a clinical language sampling protocol. Personal narratives were analysed on quality, syntactic complexity, verbal fluency and intelligibility. Examiner behaviour was evaluated for measures of syntactic complexity, mean turn length in utterances and number of utterances. Results indicated significant difficulties in producing quality personal narratives in both photo conditions. Examiner behaviour was negatively correlated to the participants’ spoken language performance. Clinical implications are highlighted.     

全站仪坐标放样内外一体化的探索

为了减小目前常用坐标放样方法中手工输入全站仪数据对作业精度和速度的影响,利用CASS、SV300等数字测图软件相应功能提取各设计点的坐标值,把这些设计数据与控制点数据合并成一个数据文件后,将此数据文件通过数据线传输到全站仪内存文件中,现场利用全站仪自带的坐标放样软件,快速准确地进行放样,从而实现了坐标放样的内外一体化.     

提高农村婴幼儿父母素养的必要性与对策思考

婴幼儿时期是儿童的智力、个性心理、身体的快速发展时期。在这一时期婴幼儿形成的态度、习惯会影响其一生。而在婴幼儿时期主要是父母尤其是母亲陪在他们身边,时时刻刻、潜移默化的对其智力、心理、行为产生影响。因而父母的育儿知识素养、教育方式、教育观念对幼儿以后的发展极为重要。农村婴幼儿父母在育儿问题上存在育儿知识缺乏、育儿内容有失偏颇、育儿观念落后、育儿方式不当的问题。为此本文也提出了改善其育儿观念,形成科学育儿方式,提高农村父母育儿素养的几点建议:国家出资在农村建立父母学校;利用广播电视大学,或者网络进行相关的培训;在社区设立家庭活动中心,完善农村公共基础设施;利用妇联开展妇女教育活动。