Hypertonic saline resuscitation reduces apoptosis of intestinal mucosa in a rat model of hemorrhagic shock

Objective: To investigate the early effects of hypertonic and isotonic saline solutions on apoptosis of intestinal mueosa in rats with hemorrhagic shock. Methods: A model of rat with severe hemorrhagic shock was established in 21 Spragne-Dawley (SD) rats. The rats were randomly divided into the sham group, normal saline resuscitation (NS) group, and hypertonic saline resuscitation (HTS) group, with 7 in each group. We detected and compared the apoptosis in small intestinal mucosa of rats after hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL), FITC (fluo-rescein-iso-tbiocyanate)-Annexin V/PI (propidium iodide) double staining method, and flow cytometry. Results: In the early stage of hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation, marked apoptosis of small intestinal mucosa in the rats of both NS and HTS groups was observed. The numbers of apoptotic cells in these two groups were significantly greater than that in the sham group (P＜0.01). In the HTS group, the apoptic cells significantly decreased, compared with the NS group (P＜0.01). Conclusion: In this rat model of severe hemorrhagic shock, the HTS resuscitation of small volume is more effective than the NS resuscitation in reducing apoptosis of intestinal mucosa in rats, which may improve the prognosis of trauma.     

Numbers defy the law of large numbers

As the number of independent tosses of a fair coin grows, the rates of heads and tails tend to equality. This is misinterpreted by many students as being true also for the absolute numbers of the two outcomes, which, conversely, depart unboundedly from each other in the process. Eradicating that misconception, as by coin‐tossing experiments, should be incorporated early on into learning the law of large numbers.     

对新时期发展西部地区民营经济的新思考

改革开放以来,我国东西部民营经济发展出现了巨大差距,且已严重影响了区域经济协调发展。新时期,党和国家为民营经济创造了前所未有的政策环境,西部大开放、新农村建设为西部地区民营经济带来了难得的发展机遇。西部地区只要立足实际,从差距中寻求新空间、从制约中谋求新出路、从机遇中实现新突破,民营经济必将迅速崛起,成为支撑西部地区经济社会发展和改善我国东西部发展格局的重要力量。     

《In a station of the Metro》在中国的翻译与阐释

庞德的《In a station of the Metro》一诗在中国的翻译与阐释存在很多不足，甚至出现了误读。这种误读有深刻的动因：中国古典诗歌及诗论影响了庞德诗歌及诗论．这种影响反过来左右着中国读者对意象派诗歌的理解。     

半量长效GnRHa及国产Gn在试管婴儿中的应用

目的:比较使用半量GnRHa与全量GnRHa,进口促性腺激素(Gn)与国产Gn在体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)控制性超排卵中的疗效和费用。方法:将142例不孕症患者分为4个组进行控制性促排卵:甲组采用半量GnRHa+国产HMG+HCG;乙组采用半量GnRHa+进口HP+HCG;丙组采用全量GnRHa+国产HMG+HCG,丁组采用全量GnRHa+进口HP+HCG。结果:四组平均获卵数、优质胚胎数、妊娠率及流产率、副作用卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)及宫外孕的发生率无显著性差异;全量GnRHa组使用Gn的总量及天数多于半量GnRHa组;甲组(半量GnRHa+国产HMG)的医疗费用低于其它三组P<0.01)。结论:使用半量GnRHa+国产Gn可以较低的医疗费用获得与使用全量GnRHa及进口Gn相同的控制性超排卵效果。     

《新世纪大学英语综合教程》探讨

《新世纪大学英语综合教程》在丰富学生文化知识,提高学生人文素养的同时,也不可避免地具有若干弊端。文章阐述了该教材在处理西方文化时的偏颇之处,并提出一些完善的意见。     

论陈祚明的诗歌美学思想

陈祚明的诗歌美学思想,散见于《采菽堂古诗选·凡例》及诗歌评点之中.强调以言情为本,推崇清雅之美,崇尚多元审美取向,是其诗歌美学思想的基本特征.虽然陈祚明并没有提出带有质变性的诗学范畴,但是他拓展了传统诗学范畴的理论内涵与外延,表现出融通的批评个性,从而对清代诗学理论的发展产生了深刻影响.     

Classroom communication satisfaction,teacher uncertainty and course certainty over time 1

Classroom communication satisfaction (CCS), teacher uncertainty and course certainty were examined over time. Results indicated a decrease in teacher uncertainty while CCS and course certainty did not significantly change over time. Discussion focused on an interpretation of the results.     

再析黄炎培职业教育思想及其现代意义

黄炎培是我国职业教育的理论家和奠基人。他一生致力于改革脱离社会生活和生产的传统教育,建设中国的职业教育,提出了一套独具中国特色的职业教育理论。其中最为著名的便是他的职业道德教育和大职业教育思想。今天,我国的职业教育正处在快速发展时期,因此,认真学习、深入研究黄炎培的职业教育思想,将具有重大的理论和实践意义。