应对方式在体育锻炼与女大学生抑郁之间的中介效应分析

利用Bootstrap交叉验证的方法对女大学生应对方式在体育锻炼与抑郁之间的中介作用进行检验.结果发现,问题解决纬度在体育锻炼对抑郁的影响中起部分中介作用,其中介效应值为-0.0193,中介效应置信区间为[-0.0433 -0.0053],中介效应量占总效应量的28.4%;其他8个应对方式纬度中介效应都不显著.结论认为,积极应对方式在体育锻炼对女大学生抑郁的影响中起中介作用.     

有氧运动对慢性应激大鼠脑海马区神经可塑性的影响

摘要：目的：以神经元和神经胶质细胞相关神经生物学变化为切入点,探讨有氧运动对慢性应激大鼠脑海马区神经可塑性的影响。方法：以SD大鼠为研究对象,按照体重均衡分为对照组（CON）、慢性应激模型组（MOD）、氟西汀组（FLU）、低强度运动组（LIR）和中等强度运动组（MIR）。给予大鼠4周慢性应激,并分别伴随氟西汀给药、低强度或者中等强度的运动干预。4周后,通过开场实验、蔗糖饮水实验、新奇抑制摄食实验以及新物体识别实验检测运动对慢性应激大鼠抑郁样行为、焦虑样行为以及认知障碍的影响;同时,利用酶联免疫法和蛋白免疫印迹法,检测运动对慢性应激大鼠血清皮质酮、海马内前炎因子IL1-β,以及蛋白GFAP、S100β、BDNF、p-ERK、p-CREB表达的影响,探讨运动抗抑郁的行为学效应和作用机制。结果：1）低强度和中等强度运动能够显著增加慢性应激大鼠的开场活动、缩短新奇抑制摄食潜伏期,同时提高慢性应激大鼠新物体的识别指数;2）运动有效逆转了慢性应激大鼠血清皮质酮的异常升高,同时降低海马内前炎性因子IL1-β的分泌;3）运动可显著星形胶质细胞的标志性功能蛋白GFAP和S100β的表达水平,增强慢性应激大鼠的BDNF/ERK/CREB信号转导通路中重要蛋白BDNF、p-ERK、p-CREB的表达。结论：运动可以通过提高慢性应激大鼠脑海马区神经可塑性来达到抗抑郁的目的。可能与以下因素有关：1）运动调节血清皮质酮的异常升高,降低海马内前炎性因子的释放,同时,提高与神经胶质细胞相关蛋白GFAP和S100β活性,从而起到神经元保护的作用;2）运动可以通过激活CREB,BDNF以及ERK等重要信号蛋白的表达,提高神经营养作用,促进神经元的生长,增加神经可塑性和神经发生来发挥抗抑郁作用。     

传统体育养生手段对大学生抑郁症辅助治疗的研究

当前抑郁症已严重影响到大学生的身心健康,而由于经济、认识等诸多方面的原因,众多大学生抑郁症患者并没有得到全面、有效的治疗,有些虽经过传统的药物及心理方面的治疗但疗效并不明显。源远流长的中国传统养生文化缔造了诸多养生方法,这些方法经过几代科研工作者的发掘、整理,已逐步完善、发展,并形成了一定的体系。文章运用文献资料法、专家访谈法等研究方法,论证了传统体育养生方法对大学生抑郁症辅助治疗的可行性与实际功效。     

利用传真地面图确定航线上的风情

对如何利用传真地面图确定航线上的风情进行了介绍。利用查表的方法确定航线上的风速非常便捷,风向确定也较容易,适合船舶驾驶员在实践中应用。经矢量标绘后,驾驶员可对航线的风情一目了然。     

从近年出土的墓志看海州卫军功集团的兴衰

由于明代卫指挥以下军职世袭,所以每座卫城及其周围都聚居着众多的世家大族. 在250多年的历史发展过程中,他们通过相互通婚,形成了一个关系紧密的军功集团. 本文通过海城西四镇出土的数块明代墓志,对徐氏家族的形成和变迁进行了比较深入的个案研究.     

Childhood psychological maltreatment subtypes and adolescent depressive symptoms

The aim of this study was to understand how subtypes and the timing of psychological maltreatment contribute to adolescent depressive symptoms at age 14. The sample included 638 youth from the Longitudinal Studies of Child Abuse and Neglect (LONGSCAN). At age 12, youth reported experiences of psychological maltreatment (degradation, isolating, and terrorizing), physical abuse (endangerment and physical injury), and sexual abuse that occurred before and during elementary school/last year. Multivariable regression models were conducted separately for females and males at each of the two time periods and accounted for demographics, primary caregiver depressive symptoms, other maltreatment subtypes, and youth-reported age 12 depressive symptoms. For girls, caregiver degradation was the only maltreatment subtype that contributed unique variance to depressive symptoms. Degradation before elementary school and chronic degradation had a stronger impact on depression symptoms. Only caregiver isolating behaviors during elementary school/last year and chronic isolation predicted depressive symptoms in boys. These results suggest that childhood psychological maltreatment is multi-dimensional and is implicated in the etiology of adolescent depressive symptoms. Future prevention efforts should consider parental psychological maltreatment in reducing risk for adolescent depression.     

意象对话技术治疗强制隔离戒毒人员抑郁症个案报告

本文是用意象对话技术对一名企图自杀的抑郁症强制隔离戒毒人员进行心理治疗的个案研究。通过积极干预、意象呈现、修改意象、改变或重构意象等技术,鼓励来访者勇敢地面对问题,消除不合理的期望,最终实现生活态度的转变和自我人格的积极成长。     

运动改善老年抑郁的研究现状

老年抑郁是老年群体中患病率相当高的一种精神障碍,抑郁带给人类社会的危害性及其严重。因此,老年抑郁症治疗的研究受到国内外研究者们的广泛关注。研究对运动改善老年抑郁样行为及其内在机制进行综述。     

初产妇产后抑郁的影响因素及护理的研究综述

产后抑郁的危害性已经受到了学术界和一线护理工作者的重视,并且已经取得了丰富的研究成果。通过对文献资料的梳理,可以将初产妇产后抑郁的影响因素归纳为社会因素、心理压力、身体因素、产科因素、角色转变,并分析目前的护理方向可以分为重视产妇保健、加强心理干预、积极寻找外部支持、探索与推广社区干预。     

Childhood trauma and neighborhood-level crime interact in predicting adult posttraumatic stress and major depression symptoms

Previous research has identified several individual-level factors that modify the risk of childhood trauma on adult psychiatric symptoms, including symptoms of major depression (MD) and posttraumatic stress (PTS). Neighborhood-level factors also influence the impact of individual-level exposures on adult psychopathology. However, no prior studies to our knowledge have explored cross-level interactions between childhood trauma and neighborhood-level factors on MD and PTS symptoms. The purpose of this study was therefore to explore cross-level interactions between a neighborhood-level factor – neighborhood-level crime – and childhood trauma on MD and PTS symptoms. Participants in this study (N = 3192) were recruited from a large public hospital, and completed self-report inventories of childhood trauma and MD and PTS symptoms. Participant addresses were mapped onto 2010 census tracts, and data on crime within each tract were collected. Multilevel models found a significant cross-level interaction between childhood trauma and neighborhood crime on MD symptoms, such that the influence of high levels of childhood trauma on MD symptoms was enhanced for participants living in high-crime neighborhoods. Supplementary analyses found variation in the strength of cross-level interaction terms by types of childhood trauma and crime, with the strongest associations including emotional neglect paired with personal and property crime. The results provide preliminary support for interventions that help childhood trauma survivors find housing in less vulnerable neighborhoods and build skills to cope with neighborhood crime.