Four research findings that will change what we think about perinatal depression

Research by health psychologists is changing what we know about perinatal depression. In this guest editorial, the author examines depression in pregnant and breastfeeding women in light of this recent research and describes four major findings that are influencing how we think about depression in new mothers: inflammation has an etiologic role in depression, a relationship exists between sleep disturbances and depression, breastfeeding protects maternal mental health, and all effective treatments for depression are anti-inflammatory interventions.     

中、小强度的健美操和跑步锻炼缓解女大学生抑郁情绪的实验研究

主要针对有抑郁倾向的女大学生这一群体，初步探讨以中、小强度健美操和跑步锻炼为干预手段对缓解女大学生抑郁情绪的效果。实验结果显示：中、小强度的跑步与健美操锻炼对女大学生的抑郁情绪具有干预作用，对抑郁情绪状况的改善效果非常显著。     

近十年大学生自评抑郁量表（SDS）调查结果的元分析

选取61篇2003-2012年之间采用自评抑郁量表（SDS）开展的有关大学生抑郁的研究报告,运用元分析方法对数据进行再处理分析。结果表明,这61项研究与全国常模比较,平均效果量为0.80（95%置信区间不包含0）,抑郁水平高于全国常模;以女生为常模,男大学生抑郁的平均效果量为0.20（95%置信区间包含0）,不存在性别差异;研究报告年代效应和样本量效应显著,分别解释效果量变异的27.9%和6.2%;出版年份效应显示,大学生抑郁情绪随年份增加呈逐渐上升的趋势。     

Stress and risk for depression in competitive athletes suffering from back pain – Do age and gender matter?†

Back pain (BP), a prominent problem for competitive athletes, is a primary reason for limitations in athletic performance and daily life restrictions. As studies on the relationship between psychological variables and BP in athletes are scarce, the aim of this study was to investigate stress and depression in competitive athletes with BP. In a cross-sectional design, data of 154 competitive athletes (51% female; M_age?=?18.81 years, SD_age?=?5.05 years) were collected, assessing Performance stress, Socio-emotional stress, Risk for depression and Psychological well-being and the two BP parameters BP Intensity and Disability. Two multiple linear regressions were conducted to predict (1) BP Intensity and (2) Disability from Performance stress, Socio-emotional stress, Risk for depression and Psychological well-being. Multiple linear regressions demonstrated that Performance stress (β?=?.21, p?=?.01) was the only significant predictor of BP Intensity (F_1,142?=?6.68, p?=?.01, R²?=?.05), whilst Risk for depression (β?=?.24, p?=?.01) was the only significant predictor of Disability (F_1,142?=?8.46, p?=?.01, R²?=?.06). Neither gender nor age explained a significant amount of variance in the models. Study results showed that, as in the general population, the variables stress and depression are related to BP in competitive athletes. In particular, BP intensity was found to be associated with stress and BP-related disability was associated with depression, whereas age and gender showed no association with the BP parameters. A longitudinal investigation is warranted to determine the direction of the observed relationships.     

Effects of a Brief Mindfulness Based Group Intervention On College Students

Increases in the number of college students seeking mental health services require counseling centers to explore innovative strategies to provide effective and efficient treatments. Group interventions offer an alternative to traditional individual counseling, allowing centers to serve more students with fewer clinical staff (Burlingame et al., 2016). Of current group modalities, mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have been growing in popularity as an effective approach for addressing college students’ increasingly complex needs. This study describes the evaluation of a three-session mindfulness-based intervention on students’ mindfulness, symptoms, and stress. Compared to a comparison group of 109 students not seeking counseling center services, 78 students who received the intervention reported increased mindfulness, and decreased symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress at the end of the group. Furthermore, improvements in mindfulness mediated intervention effects on symptoms of depression and anxiety. These gains were generally maintained 3 weeks later. These findings support the benefits of brief group interventions for college students. Suggestions for modifications to the intervention and for future research are discussed.     

Effects of an unsupervised pedometer-based physical activity program on daily steps of adults with moderate to severe asthma: a randomized controlled trial

Supervised exercise has shown benefits for subjects with asthma, but little is known about the effectiveness of unsupervised physical activity on this population. We investigated the effects of a 12-week unsupervised pedometer-based physical activity program on daily steps and on clinical and psychological parameters of adults with asthma. Clinically stable adults with moderate to severe asthma were encouraged to take daily 30-minute walks and were randomized to pedometer and control groups. The pedometer group received pedometers and individualized daily step targets. Changes in daily steps (average of steps taken during six consecutive days), six-minute walk test (6MWT), health-related quality of life, asthma control and anxiety and depression levels were assessed 12 weeks after intervention and 24–28 weeks after randomization. Thirty-seven participants were recruited and 30 completed the intervention. At 12 weeks, the groups differed significantly in daily steps (adjusted average difference, 2488 steps; 95% confidence interval [CI], 803 to 4172; p = 0.005) and in the 6MWT (adjusted average difference, 21.9 m; 95% CI, 6.6 to 37.3; p = 0.006). These differences were not significant 24–28 weeks after randomization. The program was effective in increasing daily steps of adults with moderate to severe asthma 12 weeks after intervention.     

网络成瘾与大学生的情绪障碍的关系调查

本研究旨在探求网络成瘾(以下简称IAD)与大学生的情绪障碍的关系,为网络成瘾的预防和有效干预,以及大学生的心理健康教育提供理论依据。采用整群分层法抽取至少有一年网络使用经验的1~4年级高等院校大学生341名,使用网络成瘾量表、状态焦虑问卷以及抑郁自评量表进行团体施测。结果表明:(1)网络成瘾大学生与非网络成瘾大学生的焦虑和抑郁情绪有显著差异;(2)网络成瘾对焦虑和抑郁均有极为显著的预测作用,网络成瘾对焦虑的解释度为14.3%,对抑郁的解释度为13.6%。     

广州市江村水源地的岩溶水资源研究

江村水源地的隐伏岩溶,是以前的岩溶地面在晚更新世地壳间歇性下沉和海侵时被泥沙覆盖形成的.该水源地属半埋藏阶地,江村水源地1974～1983年平均开采量32945m~3/d,属过量开采,它是采区静水位和降落漏斗不能复原位,呈现衰减过程的主要原因.江村水源地岩溶水长期持续的可采量为3×10~4m~3/d,开采条件下的补给模数 909m~3/d·km~2,是有供水价值的水源地。     

基于篮球运动的女大学生抑郁心理干预研究

以32名存在抑郁心境状态的女大学生为研究对象,随机分为实验组和对照组,对实验组进行为期12周的篮球基本技战术教学和竞赛活动的心理干预,研究学校篮球教学对抑郁心理的影响效果.结果显示:经过干预后,实验组女大学生的抑郁因子得分显著下降(P≤0.01),比对照组女大学生的抑郁得分显著性降低(P≤0.05).研究结论得出,基于篮球基本技战术和教学竞赛的篮球教学活动对女大学生的抑郁情绪有良好的干预效果.