成人英语教学策略刍议

文章从认知语言学的观点出发，对成人学习英语的难点及有利因素进行了分析，透视了当前成人英语教学中存在的主要问题，在此基础上探讨了成人英语教学的策略。作者认为，做好成人英语教学，教师应注重激发学习者的学习兴趣和信心，强化句型教学，帮助学习者以科学的方法扩大词汇量，突出阅读能力和表达能力的培养。     

Investigating the opportunities provided for young adults with special education needs and disabilities (SEND) to prepare for adulthood in a city in England

This paper reports research commissioned by an English City Council. Its aim was to gather data to identify and prioritise the council’s efforts to develop, co-ordinate and monitor services and support for young people with SEND in the city as they move into their adult lives. This included the four areas identified by the English government in the SEND Code of Practice, these being: employment, community inclusion, health and independent living. The study used qualitative and quantitative research methods including semi-structured interviews and questionnaires to investigate the experiences of students, teachers, National Health Service staff and social workers in identifying processes and structures that support or hinder the transition process as children prepare for adulthood. As such the study gathered generic data to indicate the expectations, needs, aspirations and views of young persons between the ages of 14 and 22 with regards to employment, education, community inclusion and health. An interpretation of data from the research illustrated the effectiveness of the support structures that are in place to help with planning and delivery of the strategic direction for services supporting children and young people with SEND as they become adults.     

Reading Among Young Russians: Some Modern Tendencies

This article is a preliminary summary of the results of a huge study of reading among urban high school students (ages 14–17) in many regions of Russia. It considers such aspects of the topic as: the place of reading in the structure of high school students' life plans and leisure activities; their motives for reading, their preferences, and the amount they read; the level of their culture of reading and information seeking; and the influence of family, peers, libraries, and the Internet on their reading habits.     

Memory Cafés and Dementia-Friendly Libraries: Management Considerations for Developing Inclusive Library Programs

Abstract

Memory Cafés bring services to families and individuals experiencing memory loss, mild cognitive impairment, early Alzheimer’s, or other dementias. Memory Cafés situated in libraries are designed to be safe, engaging, and welcoming gathering spaces. These equalizing opportunities provide mind-stimulating activities and respond to the growing need to create dementia-friendly library environments. The aim of this article is to highlight management considerations for creating Memory Cafés. Issues such as building community partners, budgeting, planning, library staff training, and marketing are highlighted. Overall, Memory Cafés can be inclusive library spaces for people experiencing different phases of memory loss and their care partners.     

湖北省成年人体质现状与体育活动的调查研究

本研究以2010年武汉市全民体质监测数据为基础,对武汉市四个区的成年人体质健康现状和变化规律进行了调查和数据分析,以了解不同成年人组别、不同职业和性别群体成年人的体质差异.对照湖北居民参与体育锻炼情况的调查结果,本文探讨了成年人体质状况与体育活动之间的关联,以寻求改善成年人体质健康水平的有效途径和方法,为落实全民健身计划提供依据,提高全民健康尤其是成年人的健康水平.     

新疆锡伯族成年人体育锻炼状况调查与分析

按照《全国成年人体质监测实施办法》,对新疆1 500名锡伯族成年人体育锻炼的现状进行了问卷调查.结果表明,新疆锡伯族成年人有77.9%的男性和83.7%的女性不能坚持参加体育锻炼,跑步、球类、健身操、舞蹈等是成年人体育锻炼常选的项目,体育场馆、公路和街道、办公室或居室是成年人体育锻炼常去的场所.增强体质作为体育锻炼的主要目的,得到成年人的广泛认可.     

Information Seeking Behavior of Older Adults

We live in a world where more and more the availability of needed information is determined by access to technology. This presents a barrier for some segments of the population. Older adults use various methods to acquire the information they need. Some of these methods lead to untrusted or unreliable results. The most important area where information validity is crucial is where there are health and health-related concerns. The playing field is not level, however, in the search for information since factors such as literacy, computer literacy, mobility, dexterity and others all play a part in successful information seeking results.     

高校成人思想政治教育论要

针对目前高校成人思想政治教育存在的问题，着重阐明加强高校成人思想政治教育的必要性及基本对策。     

The effects of goal variation on adult physical activity behaviour

The purposes of this study were to examine the effects of varying levels of goals on increasing daily steps and the frequency of goal achievement among middle-aged adults. Ninety-six adults participated in a randomised control study. Participants were randomly assigned to five different step goal groups: (1) Easy (n = 19), (2) Medium (n = 19), (3) Difficult (n = 19), (4) Do-your-best (n = 19), and (5) No goal (n = 20) based on previous research. The participants wore a pedometer and were asked to reach a pre-established goal during the experimental period. In order to examine the effectiveness of the goal difficulty, (a) an average number of steps taken by different goal conditions and (b) the number of days meeting the assigned goal were tested. A one-way ANCOVA revealed significant step count differences among goal groups. Post hoc analyses indicated that the change in step count in both the Medium and Difficult goal groups was significantly greater than the remaining groups. However, there was no significant difference between the medium and difficult goal conditions. In addition, a one-way ANOVA indicated that there were no significant differences in the frequency of goal achievement among the Easy, Medium, and Difficult goal groups. Results suggest that when promoting physical activity through increasing step counts, researchers and clinicians should design goals that are specific and challenging.     

Psychosocial wellbeing in active older adults: A systematic review of qualitative literature

Physical activity and wellbeing in older adults is a global priority in combating negative economic consequences associated with population aging. Quantitative research using a medicalized model clearly associates physical activity with physiological health benefits. However, it is argued that a review of qualitative literature exploring individual experiences of active older adults can provide important insights into physical activity, aging, and wellbeing – specifically, how discourses of ageing and self-identity may interact with physical activity levels. A literature search on electronic databases PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, and ProQuest was used to identify qualitative studies of older adults who exercise or engage in competitive sport. Findings reveal that both groups tend to resist dominant negative stereotypes of ageing and view physical activity as central to self- identity. Yet approaches to ageing varied with the competitive sport group adopting a more negative view of the ageing process. Whilst results suggest that different levels of physical activity may impact on the psychosocial wellbeing of older adults, inconsistent definitions of exercise and competitive sport make it impossible to group these differences according to specific physical activity levels. More precise definitions of physical activity constructs in future research may provide a better understanding of these differences.