国外图书馆老年人服务研究主题及脉络分析

[目的/意义]了解国外图书馆老年人服务的研究主题及发展脉络,为我国图书馆老年人服务提供借鉴。[方法/过程]通过文献调研,梳理1938-2017年国外图书馆老年人服务的研究主题及发展脉络。[结果/结论]国外图书馆老年人服务研究可划分为3个发展阶段,呈现出研究用户不断扩大与细分,研究视角由关注图书馆转向关注老年人需求的特点。服务方式由单一简单服务转向多元化和创新性服务,研究理念也逐渐由服务老年人向老年人的积极参与转变。同时,研究也呈现出一定的不足,如过多关注馆内老年用户而忽视馆外老年用户,缺乏代表性项目的介绍及其评估等。     

国外图书馆协会老年服务指南的质性研究及对我国的启示

本文以国外图书馆协会老年服务指南文本为研究对象,采用质性研究方法归纳获得指南的内容框架,可归为八个方面:指南目标与编制思想,认识老龄化和老年人,图书馆老年服务原则,了解老年人需求,图书馆规划和经费预算,馆藏与设施设备,馆员与服务,合作与宣传。在对国内外情况进行对比分析的基础上,指出应尽快制定我国的图书馆老年服务规范,确立积极的老龄观和差异化的服务导向,建立对我国老龄化现状及未来趋向的清晰认识,明确公共图书馆老年服务的使命陈述,倡导具体化、整体性、常态化的服务指导。表2。参考文献56。     

人体静态不同体位对颈总动脉血流最大流速影响

目的：研究青年人群、中年人群和老年人群在静态下不同体位颈总动脉血流最大流速的特征。方法：选取安庆师范大学165名志愿者,采用Philps Color Doppler CV850彩色超声,对18~25岁(不含25)、25~59岁(含59)以及59岁以上3个年龄段不同性别的人群在4种体位状态下颈总动脉血流最大流速进行测量。结果：右侧颈总动脉：性别相同时,青年男性组和中年男性组、青年女性组和老年女性组在直立位上具有非常显著性差异;中年男性组和老年男性组在仰卧位上具有非常显著性差异;青年女性组和中年女性组在头低位-30°上具有非常显著性差异。左侧颈总动脉：年龄相同时,中年男性组和中年女性组在仰卧位上具有非常显著性差异,中年男性组和中年女性组在头低位-90°上具有非常显著性差异;性别相同时,中年女性组和老年女性组在直立位上具有非常显著性差异;中年男性组和老年男性组在头低位-30°上具有非常显著性差异。结论：无论男女,随年龄的增大颈总动脉血流最大流速减慢;体位由仰卧位、直立位、头低位-30°、头低位-90°的顺序变化,颈总动脉血流最大流速减慢;同年龄段,颈总动脉血流最大流速男性均高于女性。     

成人职业教育中信息技术与外语课程整合的理论与实践

现代信息技术所构建的外语教学环境有利于提高教学效率、效果和效益。然而,成人职业教育实际教学中仍普遍存在流弊明显、效益低下的问题。因此,成人职业教育中信息技术与外语课程的整合需要因势而为,使外语教学资源更具整合性和规律性、教学手段更具多样性和实效性、教学模式更具科学性和灵活性、教学环境更具人文性和真实性、教学评估更具合理性和督导性。     

农村成人教育对解决"三农"问题的作用

本文在分析我国现阶段农村人力资源现状的基础上，着重阐述了农村成人教育可影响农民的经济收入来源、推进农业产业化进程、其为农业、农村、农民服务最直接、最有效等解决“三农”问题的作用，最后提出了加强农村成人教育的应对措施。     

成人still病30例临床分析

目的观察糖皮质激素联合非甾体类药物（NSAIDS）及免疫抑制剂治疗成人still病疗效。方法回顾性分析药物治疗成人still病治疗情况。结果糖皮质激素联合非甾体类药物及免疫抑制剂治疗成人still病,患者症状均能控制。结论单用NSAIDS治疗,剂量大,效果多数不理想,且胃肠道副作用大,病人多不易耐受。糖皮质激素与NSAIDS联用可很快控制病情,症状迅速缓解。     

Sleep quality improved following a single session of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise in older women: Results from a pilot study

BackgroundPoor sleep quality is associated with adverse effects on health outcomes. It is not clear whether exercise can improve sleep quality and whether intensity of exercise affects any of the effects.MethodsFifteen healthy, non-obese (body mass index = 24.4 ± 2.1 kg/m², mean ± SD), sedentary (<20 min of exercise on no more than 3 times/week) older women (66.1 ± 3.9 years) volunteered for the study. Peak oxygen consumption (VO_2peak) was evaluated using a graded exercise test on a treadmill with a metabolic cart. Following a 7-day baseline period, each participant completed two exercise sessions (separated by 1 week) with equal caloric expenditure, but at different intensities (60% and 45% VO_2peak, sequence randomized) between 9:00 and 11:00 am. A wrist ActiGraph monitor was used to assess sleep at baseline and two nights following each exercise session.ResultsThe average duration of the exercise was 54 and 72 min, respectively at 60% (moderate-intensity) and 45% VO_2peak (light-intensity). Wake time after sleep onset was significantly shorter (p = 0.016), the number of awakenings was less (p = 0.046), and total activity counts were lower (p = 0.05) after the moderate-intensity exercise compared to baseline no-exercise condition.ConclusionOur data showed that a single moderate-intensity aerobic exercise session improved sleep quality in older women.     

我国中西部部分地区成年人锻炼现状的调查分析

为了全面了解我国中西部地区成年人体质锻炼现状，有针对性地制定有关体育政策，对该地区成年人从参加体育活动的情况、每周用于体育的费用、体育锻炼的目的、体育锻炼的形式、体育锻炼的场所、体育锻炼的项目、影响体育锻炼的主要原因等7个方面进行了问卷调查并对其特点进行了分析。     

The case of educational gerontology in Lebanon: a harbinger of empowerment,emancipation and social change?

Context: In Lebanon, older adults face socioeconomic challenges that are expected to worsen due to an increase in older adult population, chronic governmental neglect, institutionalised ageism and a lack of educational and social gerontologists. Consequently, local older adults are in dire need for social change, which can be initiated through later life learning. The University for Seniors (UfS) is a University for the Third Age providing learning opportunities for older people in Lebanon. While most older adult learning programmes are occupied with their learners’ self-fulfilment, Critical Educational Gerontology promotes emancipatory learning and social change. Study Objective and Design: A case discussion based on a variety of data sources is used to showcase and then challenge the practices of UfS from a critical educational gerontology perspective. To do that, we consider the semantic difference between emancipation and empowerment in their relation to power. Recommendations: We recommend programme-specific measures starting by revisiting the current philosophy of learning, targeting social change as an additional goal to later life learning, and advocacy for the establishment of educational degrees to prepare professionals and academicians in the field of social gerontology. We also recommend a more critical use of empowerment and emancipation within critical educational gerontology.