21世纪国外信息化动向的展望

本文依据日本最近的政策白皮书，展望了21世纪的国外信息化动向，下分通过电子商贸活跃产业经济，家庭的数字信息革命，21世纪的信息社会态势，对2000年问题的相应处置。另外专门论述了产业的信息化，电子商贸的市场规模，个人、生活的信息化，地区的信息化问题。     

青海高校信息化建设与思考

高校信息化是我国高等教育改革与发展中的一个重要课题,也是当前高校的一项重要任务。我省高校信息化经过10多年的建设,虽然取得了很大的成绩,但与教育改革及现代化的迫切需要相比,还有一定差距,在当前信息化进程中仍然存在很多问题。本文依据对我省高校信息化的调查结果,分析了我省高校信息化建设存在的问题,并针对性地提出了宏观政策与...     

Leadership and organizational innovation in the third sector: A systematic literature review

The impact of the global recession has served to increase pressure on non-profit organizations resources. Executive leadership is an essential component of the success of these institutions. The two-fold purpose of this article is to provide a state-of-the-art overview about the existing literature on leadership and organizational innovation in the third sector, as well as to identify research gaps leading to a research model, which can be used in further empirical research. For this, we used the collection of existing literature in the Web of Science. The 144 articles selected in the database were analysed using the VOSviewer software. Results show a concern with the renewal of management bodies and a lack of qualified leaders. This study contributes to the construction of an action agenda leading to the establishment of new leadership and organizational innovation model for the third sector.     

Leader prototypicality in sport: The implicit leadership theories of women and men entering sport management careers

Implicit leadership theories (ILTs) matter because they are used as the benchmark against which people determine who is a leader and who is not. This assessment informs their behavioral responses. People are thought to have a superordinate-level ILT representing their prototypical mental model of leadership and a series of basic-level ILTs. Each of these represents how people conceptualize leadership in particular domains (e.g., sport, politics, and popular culture). In this study, the authors generate the structures of basic-level sport management ILTs for women and men who are about to enter this industry. These form the baseline from which socialization to work, organizational cultures, and the sport management industry begins. The ILTs of women entering sport management careers have a 35-item, 6-factor structure (Sensitivity, Knowledgeable, Physical Attractiveness, Inspirational, Dedication, and Focused), whereas men entering the industry have a 32-item, 7-factor structure (Sensitivity, Dedication, Physical Attractiveness, Focused, Creativity, Inspirational, Courageous). The resulting sport management ILT profiles differ from superordinate ones by emphasizing physical and vitality attributes, incorporating emotional elements, and by eschewing antiprototypical elements. The paper ends with a discussion of the implications for leadership research in sport management.     

以输出为动力的信息系统规划方法

在企业的信息化建设中，一项最重要的工作就是企业信息化的规划，而信息化规划的核心就是信息系统规划(Information System Planning，简称ISP)。本文在分析了ISP的基本概念对ISP的主要内容框架之后，提出了一种适合中小型企业的信息系统规划方法——以输出为动力的企业信息系统规划方法。     

From objects to subjects: Repositioning teachers as policy actors doing policy work

Within policy discourses, teachers are positioned as objects of reform who enact policies under rational systems of observation and accountability and are, therefore, situated as de-professionalized actors lacking expert knowledge. This research project asks relatively straight-forward questions: If practicing teachers were given a voice in political debates over urban education policy and reform, what would they say? What macro-level policy problems would they identify as being important? Findings indicate the primary policy problems include Systemic Inequity and Bad Policy. The primary policy solutions include, Schools as a Community Resource; Shared Decision-Making; Contextual Goals; and Time, Space and Resources.     

When you are in charge: Reflections on managing staff in the library

At some point in our library career, we may find ourselves in charge of an intern, volunteer, part-timer or even full-time staff, whether of our own initiative or not. There might be an organizational shift: someone retires or divisions merge and you might find yourself in charge of one person, or many. Sometimes even a simple situation, such as having an intern or a work-study student can still result in having to be responsible for the work outcomes and evaluations of another. The purpose of this article is to analyze some key approaches to being an effective manager from a practical context with some analysis informed by the relevant literature.     

Finding the missing Einsteins: Expanding the breadth of cognitive and noncognitive measures used in academic services

Education researchers, policymakers, and practitioners are concerned with identifying and developing talent for students with fewer opportunities, especially students from historically marginalized groups. An emerging body of research suggests “universally screening” or testing all students, then matching those students with appropriate educational challenges, is effective in helping marginalized students. However, most tests have focused on two areas: math and verbal reasoning. We leverage three nationally representative samples of the U.S. population at different time points that include both novel cognitive measures (e.g., spatial, mechanical, and abstract reasoning) and non-cognitive measures (e.g., conscientiousness, creativity or word fluency, leadership skill, and artistic skill) to uncover which measures would improve proportional representation of marginalized groups in talent identification procedures. We find that adding spatial reasoning measures in particular—as well as other non-cognitive measures such as conscientiousness, leadership, and creativity—are worthwhile to consider for universal screening procedures for students to narrow achievement gaps at every level of education, including for gifted students. By showing that these nontraditional measures both improve proportional representation of underrepresented groups and have reasonable predictive validity, we also broaden the definition of what it means to be “gifted” and expand opportunities for students from historically marginalized groups.     

The impact of workplace information literacy on organizational innovation: An empirical study

The present study investigates the relationship between CEO’s information literacy and innovation in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Even if information literacy’s business value has been recognized in recent literature, its impact on organizational innovation, a critical and strongly information intensive process, has never been studied before. Structural equation modeling based analysis of data collected from 184 company CEOs in Finland revealed that CEOs’ information literacy has a positive impact on the development of exploratory and exploitative innovations in SMEs. Additionally, opportunity recognition mediates the relationship between information literacy and innovation. Overall, the influence of information literacy is slightly stronger on exploitation than exploration. Nevertheless, the mutual positive effect suggests that information literacy enhances innovation ambidexterity in organizations. Based on these findings, we discuss theoretical and practical implications as well as future research opportunities in workplace information literacy research.     

任务型教学法在英语精读教学中的运用

任务型教学法是以任务为本的新型教学法。精读课是英语专业学生的一门重要的基础课,对学生的英语综合能力的提高有着非常重要的作用。从任务型教学的定义、特点、理论依据以及任务型教学在大学英语精读课中的运用等方面,探讨如何将任务型教学模式充分应用到大学英语精读课程中,在教学实践中提高学生的语言能力。