论自然资源保护法体系的完善

自然资源保护法属于环境保护法的一个组成部分。目前，我国自然资源保护法律体系已,但还不十分完备，与自然资源和发展的要求不相适应。针对自然资源保护法体系存在的缺隐，应提出进一步完善的建议，以利于我国自然资源保护事业的发展。     

Educative mentors? The role of classroom teachers in initial teacher education. A New Zealand study

Classroom experience is an important part of initial teacher education (ITE) and the teachers who work with student teachers in schools have a significant impact on learning in this context. While many studies have documented what the role of these teachers should be, it is also important to consider how the role is conceptualised by the teachers themselves. This qualitative study compares the views of New Zealand primary school teachers with that of an ITE provider. The findings show some differences among the teachers and significant differences between classroom teachers’ interpretations of their role and the expectations of the ITE provider. Teacher interpretations are firmly held and there is more work to be done to explore understandings of educative mentoring and so develop a coherent shared vision of roles in the practicum community.     

‘Come in with an open mind’: changing attitudes towards mathematics in primary teacher education

Background: The relationship between attitudes and behaviour has led to a focus on the role played by attitudes in the teaching and learning of mathematics.

Purpose: This paper reports on an investigation into student teachers’ self-reported attitudes towards mathematics in the context of a mathematics education programme. The programme had been developed by the authors in response to a new, reformed four-year undergraduate initial teacher education (ITE) for primary teachers in Ireland. The authors aimed to use the feedback to evaluate and develop the course further.

Sample: We report on the attitudes of 345 pre-service primary teachers enrolled in a four-year undergraduate ITE programme. 281 of these participants had matched survey data before and after participating in the mathematics education programme.

Method and Design: Four evaluation criteria were used as a conceptual framework for the evaluation of the mathematics education programme. A multi-method approach was taken in investigating the students’ attitudes to mathematics by using a scale as a quantitative measure of attitude alongside open-ended survey items that provided qualitative insights into changes in attitudes.

Results and conclusions: Results from the survey data suggested overall that the participants’ attitudes towards mathematics were more positive after they had experienced the mathematics education programme. Overall, the written responses suggested that according to self-reportage, participants perceived that participation in the mathematics education programme had affected their attitudes towards mathematics positively. Comments indicated that the ‘small group’ tutorial structure was particularly well received and was associated with opportunities to actively engage, explore, interact and reflect. Suggestions offered by the participants will be used to inform planning and development of the mathematics programme.     

积分教学随笔

不定积分不同形式结果的检验;积分的一个方法;用分部积分法时u的选择。     

试论商品交易市场法律主体地位的缺失与确立

商品交易市场作为我国社会主义市场经济的一种经济组织形式，对推动社会、经济的发展起着重要的作用。目前，我国商品交易市场法律主体地位的缺失，已带来了一系列问题。对商品交易市场进行准确定位，确立其合法经营的法律主体地位，对于提升商品交易市场的地位、规范商品交易市场的经营管理和服务，完善我国企业法人体系具有特殊的意义。     

Challenges to university autonomy in initial teacher education programmes: The cases of England,Manitoba and British Columbia

Since the middle of the twentieth century in England and Canada responsibility for the design and delivery of pre-service teacher programmes has been located primarily in universities and their Faculties/Schools of Education. Operating within a tradition of university autonomy, the governance of these programmes is nonetheless constrained by the accreditation and certification requirements of the state and the profession and the pragmatic demands of teachers’ work. Over the last two decades, a variety of provisions have been made to regulate the pre-service preparation of teachers in both countries that have afforded quite different roles and authority to the state, the university, and the teaching profession. It is the interplay of these pressures on the governance of initial teacher preparation in three different jurisdictions—England, Manitoba and British Columbia—and the characterisation of teacher preparation associated with each, that is the focus of this article.     

发展中国家企业集团多元化战略与公共政策选择:金融视角

市场机制不完善是发展中国家企业集团形成的内在动因,同时政府的经济发展政策也使企业集团选择了多元化发展战略。企业集团参股、控股金融机构和上市公司,意味着其可以动用较多的金融资源进行产业多元化扩张。本文利用George A．Akerlof的掠夺模型讨论了发展中国家企业集团对金融系统稳定性的潜在威胁,并提出了相关的政策建议。     

流域排污权初始分配模式选择

目前水污染物排放权交易在国外污染控制方面发挥着越来越重要的作用,我国也开始了水污染物排放权交易的试点研究。排污权初始分配是排污权交易实施的前提与基础。在流域排污权交易制度建立初期,无偿分配是排污权初始分配的主要方式。我国流域排污权初始分配的基本原则是兼顾公平与效率。以行政管辖区为排污权交易的主体,可以降低大流域内排污权交易成本,据此认为在大流域开展排污权初始分配可以以行政管辖区为主体。提出按需分配法、改进的同比例削减法、排污绩效法、综合法、环境容量法等5种排污权初始分配模式。各流域开展排污权初始分配时,应根据各自的经济发展特点,选择合适的模式。在淮河流域当前发展阶段,应主要采用综合法的分配模式。     

New techniques for initial alignment of strapdown inertial navigation system

Some new techniques for initial alignment of strapdown inertial navigation system are proposed in this paper. A new solution for the precise azimuth alignment is given in detail. A new prefilter, which consists of an IIR filter and a Kalman filter using hidden Markov model, is designed to attenuate the influence of sensor noise and outer disturbance. Navigation algorithm in alignment is modified to feedback continuously for the closed-loop system. It is shown that the initial estimated variance setting of azimuth angle error can influence the speed of initial alignment significantly. At the beginning of alignment, Kalman filter must make a very conservative guess at the initial value of azimuth angle error to get a high convergent speed of the azimuth angle. It is pointed out that the low signal to noise ratio makes the ordinary setting of the estimated azimuth variance slow down the convergent speed of the azimuth angle. Also is shown that the large azimuth angle error problem can be solved well by our solution. The feasibility of these new techniques is verified by simulation and experiment.     

“They are teaching us to deliver lessons and that is not all that teaching is …”: Exploring teacher trainees’ language for peer victimisation in schools

This paper reports on qualitative findings from the larger Safe Schools Longitudinal Study and explores what trainee teachers understand by the term ‘bullying’, its prevalence, and the barriers to responding to it. Twenty-four teacher trainees at an Initial Teacher Education programme in Scotland took part in two waves of qualitative interviews three years apart. Findings show trainee teachers use the term ‘bullying’ to cover a range of behaviours - with uncertainty around whether verbal insults are bullying. Key factors that impact teacher responses are discussed - with the attitude of the head teacher being pivotal to school climate.