基于我国农业科学技术创新链的探讨

农业技术创新链各构成要素的协调配套是保证创新实施过程中技术转移的重要条件。目前由于我国农业科研项目投向偏离、产业化开发投资比例较小、产后研究环节薄弱等问题的存在,导致科研绩效较低,创新成本较大,不利于农业科技创新过程中的技术转移。以较为充分的例证就这些问题及其致因作了详细的分析。     

澳大利亚高质量职前教师教育体系改革与启示

以澳大利亚《下一步：优质职前教师教育审查报告》为基础,探讨高质量职前教师教育体系改革的重点,包括选拔优质人才、提升教学质量、支持新教师,并基于此提出对我国师范教育体系建设的启示：改革师范教育招生制度,注重考察学生品德;优化师范教育教学内容,改善师范教育城市化倾向;严格教师行业准入要求,实行“先育后考”的教师资格制度;构建教师培养一体化模式,促进教师专业发展。     

Having an EfECT: Professional development for teacher educators in Myanmar

As part of Myanmar's current educational reforms, the EfECT project aimed to improve the competence of pre-service teacher educators in Education Colleges across the country. Drawing on baseline and exit measures collected through questionnaires, tests, observations, interviews and written reflections, this paper examines the impact of the two-year project on 1647 teacher educators' propositional knowledge of teaching methodology, practical teaching skills, reflective abilities and professional confidence. Overall, but not exclusively, the outcomes of the project in relation to these issues were positive, and these results are analysed critically with particular attention to the tools used to measure project impact.     

利用文献数据库加强审稿过程中的学术质量判断

【目的】 研究学术期刊编辑精选稿件流程,基于各类文献数据库查证来稿的学术创新性、作者及其团队的学术实力、学术研究环境,以及稿件文献列表的合理性,试图实证来稿学术的创新性,发现来稿中的学术不端行为等问题。【方法】 除常规选稿流程之外,增加检索文献数据库以及比对流程,按照作者姓名、单位名称、来稿     

试谈背向滑步推铅球的衔接技术

衔接技术是铅球技术的重要环节,是连接滑步技术与最后用力技术的关键。正确掌握这一项技术是完整推铅球技术的核心。衔接技术又叫过渡步技术,近几年来,对优秀运动员推铅球的衔接技术已有很多分析。文章在前人研究的基础上,对衔接技术进行综合分析,目的在于阐明衔接技术的要领以及衔接技术与滑步技术、预行速度、重心移动轨迹等之间存在的关系,从而使整体技术更加符合运动技术原理,以提高运动员的动成绩。     

初始缺陷和拉-弯耦合对于叠层板的振动屈曲和非线性动力稳定性的影响

研究了复合材料叠层板的初始缺陷和拉伸-弯曲耦合对于其振动、屈曲和非线性动力稳定性的影响,推导了控制方程,这是一个修正的非线性Mathieu方程,进行了5种典型复合材料的数值计算,它们是玻璃环氧Scotch-1002,芳纶环氧Kevlar-49,硼环氧B4/5505,石墨环氧T300/5208和AS/3501,结果表明,由于初始缺陷以及耦合效应的存在,使叠层板对于进入参数共振更加敏感,并且其振幅大于无初始缺陷或者无耦合效应的叠层板,对于不同材料的复合叠层板,尤其是层数较少的板,耦合效应是不相同的,在板结构的屈曲和动力稳定性设计中,如果忽略了耦合效应的影响,其不安全性将超过10％以上。     

一个求多项式零点的并行迭代及其收敛的初始条件

首先构造了一个求多项式零点的并行迭代,然后对它的收敛性进行了分析,得出其收敛的两种类型的初始条件     

‘Elite’ career-changers and their experience of initial teacher education

This study explores the motivation of ‘high-status’ professionals to change career and enter teaching, and their experience of undertaking initial teacher education (ITE) programmes in England. The study builds on previous research which found that career-changers are disproportionately more likely to fail to complete their ITE studies, and that those who do complete the transition into teaching frequently experience frustration with some aspects of induction and often feel undervalued by their new colleagues. The participants in this study were largely positive about most aspects of their ITE experience, and felt their professional background enabled them to be resilient when faced with the challenges of transitioning from being an expert in one domain to novice in another. However, they report variable experiences of mentoring, and for some, a sense of their previous experience being under-appreciated by ITE tutors and schools. The study also finds little evidence of personalisation built into ITE programmes to take account of the distinctive needs of career-changers. This paper concludes that the current policy focus adopted in England and in many other countries on entry quality may detract from the more fundamental issue of ensuring ITE programmes provide the flexible and personalised professional learning environments that enable a diverse range of entrants to flourish.     

Approaches to embedding sustainability in teacher education: A synthesis of the literature

This study investigated how teacher education academics embed sustainability education in learning and teaching, using a systematic literature review of peer-reviewed journal articles. A taxonomy of four distinctive approaches was developed: (1) embedding sustainability education widely across curriculum areas, courses, and institution; (2) through a dedicated core/compulsory subject; (3) through a component of a core/compulsory subject; and (4) through a dedicated elective subject. This paper investigates the differing rationales, theoretical frames and pedagogical approaches used and identifies the perceived challenges underpinning each of these approaches. The final section offers an analysis and discussion of the implications of our review findings for teacher education academics and researchers, and others in the broader academic community who are interested in change towards sustainability through education.     

Predicting ELL students’ beginning first grade English oral reading fluency from initial kindergarten vocabulary, letter naming, and phonological awareness skills

The precursors of early English reading success have been widely studied for native English-speaking students, and those findings have been generalized to the English language learner (ELL) student population. However, the development of English language acquisition may be different for ELL students. The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive role of English letter naming fluency, initial sound fluency, and vocabulary skills at the time of kindergarten entry for first grade English oral reading fluency and to examine the variability in language and literacy skills of ELL students by their demographic characteristics. The data for this study came from the Progress Monitoring and Reporting Network (PMRN), and were collected from Florida's Reading First schools. Letter Naming Fluency, Initial Sound Fluency, and Oral Reading Fluency components of Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS) and the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test were used as measures. Hierarchical Linear Modeling was used to analyze the curvilinear growth of ELL students’ first grade oral reading fluency. The results of this study revealed that kindergarten English letter naming fluency was the best predictor and vocabulary skills were the second best predictor of oral reading fluency in the first grade, followed by initial sound fluency. On average, male ELL students compared to female ELL students, ELL students eligible for free or reduced price lunch eligibility (FRPL) compared to those not eligible for FRPL, and Hispanic ELL students compared to White ELL students read fewer words at the beginning of the first grade and showed a slower growth rate. English oral reading fluency scores of Asian ELL students were the highest.